Thymosin beta 4 ameliorates hyperglycemia and improves insulin resistance of KK Cg-Ay/J mouse.

Zhu J, Su LP, Ye L, Lee KO, Ma JH

Diabetes research and clinical practice3 Jan 2012Cited by 14 (Europe PMC)

PMID22217673DOI10.1016/j.diabres.2011.12.009PepBankPUB-22217673

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

6 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In KK mice, Tβ(4) treatment significantly decreased glucose profiles on repeat OGTT compared with KK controls.
In plain wordsIn diabetic mice, Tβ(4) lowered blood glucose after a sugar load more than saline.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseGlucose profiles on repeat OGTT
Study
mousen: not reported in source
KK Cg-Ay/J type 2 diabetes mouse
Comparator
KK control group (saline)
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
100ng/10g body weight · intraperitoneal · 12 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
After Tβ(4) treatment, repeat OGTT showed a significant decrease in glucose profiles in the KK Tβ(4) group compared with the KK control group.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
KK mice were divided into the following groups: KK control group, with saline treatment; KK Tβ(4) group, with daily Tβ(4) 100ng/10g body weight intraperitoneal injection for 12 weeks.
Summary · context
OGTT, plasma insulin, HbA1c, serum adiponectin, Tβ(4), cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured before and after Tβ(4) treatment.
Report a problemFND-2221767301
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In KK mice, Tβ(4) treatment reduced mean HbA1c compared with KK controls.
In plain wordsIn diabetic mice, Tβ(4) lowered HbA1c more than saline.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseHbA1c
Study
mousen: not reported in source
KK Cg-Ay/J type 2 diabetes mouse
Comparator
KK control group (saline)
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
100ng/10g body weight · intraperitoneal · 12 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
The KK-Tβ(4) group had reduced mean HbA1c and triglyceride levels, and increased adiponectin compared with KK control group.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
KK mice were divided into the following groups: KK control group, with saline treatment; KK Tβ(4) group, with daily Tβ(4) 100ng/10g body weight intraperitoneal injection for 12 weeks.
Summary · context
OGTT, plasma insulin, HbA1c, serum adiponectin, Tβ(4), cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured before and after Tβ(4) treatment.
Report a problemFND-2221767302
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In KK mice, Tβ(4) treatment reduced triglyceride levels compared with KK controls.
In plain wordsIn diabetic mice, Tβ(4) lowered triglycerides more than saline.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseTriglyceride level
Study
mousen: not reported in source
KK Cg-Ay/J type 2 diabetes mouse
Comparator
KK control group (saline)
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
100ng/10g body weight · intraperitoneal · 12 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
The KK-Tβ(4) group had reduced mean HbA1c and triglyceride levels, and increased adiponectin compared with KK control group.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
KK mice were divided into the following groups: KK control group, with saline treatment; KK Tβ(4) group, with daily Tβ(4) 100ng/10g body weight intraperitoneal injection for 12 weeks.
Summary · context
OGTT, plasma insulin, HbA1c, serum adiponectin, Tβ(4), cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured before and after Tβ(4) treatment.
Report a problemFND-2221767303
04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In KK mice, Tβ(4) treatment increased adiponectin compared with KK controls.
In plain wordsIn diabetic mice, Tβ(4) raised adiponectin more than saline.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseSerum adiponectin
Study
mousen: not reported in source
KK Cg-Ay/J type 2 diabetes mouse
Comparator
KK control group (saline)
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
100ng/10g body weight · intraperitoneal · 12 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
The KK-Tβ(4) group had reduced mean HbA1c and triglyceride levels, and increased adiponectin compared with KK control group.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
KK mice were divided into the following groups: KK control group, with saline treatment; KK Tβ(4) group, with daily Tβ(4) 100ng/10g body weight intraperitoneal injection for 12 weeks.
Summary · context
OGTT, plasma insulin, HbA1c, serum adiponectin, Tβ(4), cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured before and after Tβ(4) treatment.
Report a problemFND-2221767304
05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In KK mice, phosphorylated AKT in skeletal muscle was significantly higher with Tβ(4) than in KK controls after glucose stimulation.
In plain wordsIn diabetic mice, Tβ(4) raised a muscle insulin-signalling marker more than saline after glucose.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreasePhosphorylated AKT in skeletal muscle after glucose stimulation
Study
mousen: not reported in source
KK Cg-Ay/J type 2 diabetes mouse
Comparator
KK control group (saline)
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
100ng/10g body weight · intraperitoneal · 12 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
The phosphorylated AKT levels of skeletal muscle were significantly increased in KK Tβ(4) group compared with KK control group after glucose stimulation.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
KK mice were divided into the following groups: KK control group, with saline treatment; KK Tβ(4) group, with daily Tβ(4) 100ng/10g body weight intraperitoneal injection for 12 weeks.
Summary · context
OGTT, plasma insulin, HbA1c, serum adiponectin, Tβ(4), cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured before and after Tβ(4) treatment.
Report a problemFND-2221767305
06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In non-diabetic C57BL mice, Tβ(4) treatment did not change phosphorylated AKT levels.
In plain wordsIn normal mice, Tβ(4) did not change a muscle insulin-signalling marker.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
No significant changePhosphorylated AKT in non-diabetic C57BL mice
Study
mousen: not reported in source
non-diabetic C57BL mice
Comparator
Before treatment
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
100ng/10g body weight · intraperitoneal · 12 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
C57BL mice showed no changes in phosphorylated AKT levels after Tβ(4) treatment.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Non-diabetic C57BL mice were used as normal control.
Report a problemFND-2221767306

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

Journal Article

MeSH terms

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