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Study · Systematic review · 2011

11 results

Glucagon-like peptide analogues for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Shyangdan DS, Royle P, Clar C, Sharma P, Waugh N, Snaith A

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews5 Oct 2011Cited by 126 (Europe PMC)

PMID21975753 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC6486297 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1002/14651858.cd006423.pub2 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-21975753
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study11

6 results from studies that gave the peptide. 6 results from people.

  1. 01HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide 1.8 mg reduced HbA1c by 0.24% more than insulin glargine.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide lowered HbA1c slightly more than insulin glargine.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c versus insulin glargine
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Insulin glargine
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    1.8 mgAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HbA1c difference
    −0.24%
    liraglutide 1.8 mg vs insulin glargine

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exenatide 2 mg once weekly and liraglutide 1.8 mg reduced it by 0.20% and 0.24% respectively more than insulin glargine.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials of a minimum duration of eight weeks comparing a GLP-1 analogue with placebo, insulin, an oral anti-diabetic agent, or another GLP-1 analogue in people with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    Seventeen randomised controlled trials including relevant analyses for 6899 participants were included in the analysis.
  2. 02HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide 1.8 mg reduced HbA1c by 0.33% more than exenatide 10 ug twice daily.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide lowered HbA1c more than exenatide twice daily.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c versus exenatide twice daily
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Exenatide 10 ug twice daily
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    1.8 mgAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    HbA1c difference
    −0.33%
    liraglutide 1.8 mg vs exenatide twice daily

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Liraglutide 1.8 mg reduced HbA1c by 0.33% more than exenatide 10 μg twice daily.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials of a minimum duration of eight weeks comparing a GLP-1 analogue with placebo, insulin, an oral anti-diabetic agent, or another GLP-1 analogue in people with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    Seventeen randomised controlled trials including relevant analyses for 6899 participants were included in the analysis.
  3. 03HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide led to HbA1c improvements similar to sulphonylureas.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide improved HbA1c about as much as sulphonylurea drugs.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeHbA1c versus sulphonylureas
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Sulphonylureas
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Liraglutide led to similar improvements in HbA1c compared to sulphonylureas
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials of a minimum duration of eight weeks comparing a GLP-1 analogue with placebo, insulin, an oral anti-diabetic agent, or another GLP-1 analogue in people with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    Seventeen randomised controlled trials including relevant analyses for 6899 participants were included in the analysis.
  4. 04HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide reduced HbA1c more than sitagliptin.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide lowered HbA1c more than sitagliptin.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c versus sitagliptin
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Sitagliptin
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Liraglutide led to similar improvements in HbA1c compared to sulphonylureas but reduced it more than sitagliptin and rosiglitazone
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials of a minimum duration of eight weeks comparing a GLP-1 analogue with placebo, insulin, an oral anti-diabetic agent, or another GLP-1 analogue in people with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    Seventeen randomised controlled trials including relevant analyses for 6899 participants were included in the analysis.
  5. 05HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide reduced HbA1c more than rosiglitazone.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide lowered HbA1c more than rosiglitazone.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c versus rosiglitazone
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Rosiglitazone
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Liraglutide led to similar improvements in HbA1c compared to sulphonylureas but reduced it more than sitagliptin and rosiglitazone
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials of a minimum duration of eight weeks comparing a GLP-1 analogue with placebo, insulin, an oral anti-diabetic agent, or another GLP-1 analogue in people with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    Seventeen randomised controlled trials including relevant analyses for 6899 participants were included in the analysis.
  6. 06HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide led to greater weight loss than most active comparators, including in participants not experiencing nausea.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, liraglutide led to more weight loss than most other diabetes drugs, even without nausea.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseWeight loss versus active comparators
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Most active comparators
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Both exenatide and liraglutide led to greater weight loss than most active comparators, including in participants not experiencing nausea.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials of a minimum duration of eight weeks comparing a GLP-1 analogue with placebo, insulin, an oral anti-diabetic agent, or another GLP-1 analogue in people with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    Seventeen randomised controlled trials including relevant analyses for 6899 participants were included in the analysis.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone5

In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  1. 07HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, all GLP-1 agonists pooled reduced HbA1c by about 1% compared with placebo.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 drugs as a group lowered HbA1c by about 1% compared with placebo.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c reduction versus placebo (all GLP-1 agonists)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In comparison with placebo, all GLP-1 agonists reduced glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels by about 1%.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials of a minimum duration of eight weeks comparing a GLP-1 analogue with placebo, insulin, an oral anti-diabetic agent, or another GLP-1 analogue in people with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    Seventeen randomised controlled trials including relevant analyses for 6899 participants were included in the analysis.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  2. 08HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, hypoglycaemia occurred more often in participants who also took a sulphonylurea.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes on GLP-1 drugs, low blood sugar was more common with a sulphonylurea drug as well.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseHypoglycaemia with concomitant sulphonylurea (GLP-1 agonists)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Hypoglycaemia occurred more frequently in participants taking concomitant sulphonylurea.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials of a minimum duration of eight weeks comparing a GLP-1 analogue with placebo, insulin, an oral anti-diabetic agent, or another GLP-1 analogue in people with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    Seventeen randomised controlled trials including relevant analyses for 6899 participants were included in the analysis.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  3. 09HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 agonists as a group caused gastrointestinal adverse effects, mainly nausea.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 drugs as a group caused stomach and gut side effects, mainly nausea.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    Not applicableGastrointestinal adverse effects (GLP-1 agonists)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal

    Source sentences

    Summary
    GLP-1 agonists caused gastrointestinal adverse effects, mainly nausea.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials of a minimum duration of eight weeks comparing a GLP-1 analogue with placebo, insulin, an oral anti-diabetic agent, or another GLP-1 analogue in people with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    Seventeen randomised controlled trials including relevant analyses for 6899 participants were included in the analysis.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  4. 10HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 agonist gastrointestinal adverse events were strongest at the start and then subsided.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, side effects of GLP-1 drugs were strongest at the start and then faded.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    Not applicableTime course of gastrointestinal adverse events (GLP-1 agonists)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal

    Source sentences

    Summary
    These adverse events were strongest at the beginning and then subsided.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials of a minimum duration of eight weeks comparing a GLP-1 analogue with placebo, insulin, an oral anti-diabetic agent, or another GLP-1 analogue in people with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    Seventeen randomised controlled trials including relevant analyses for 6899 participants were included in the analysis.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  5. 11HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In adults with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 agonists as a group improved beta-cell function, but the effect did not persist after treatment stopped.

    In plain wordsIn adults with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 drugs as a group improved beta-cell function, but the effect ended when treatment stopped.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseBeta-cell function (GLP-1 agonists)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Beta-cell function was improved with GLP-1 agonists but the effect did not persist after cessation of treatment
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials of a minimum duration of eight weeks comparing a GLP-1 analogue with placebo, insulin, an oral anti-diabetic agent, or another GLP-1 analogue in people with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    Seventeen randomised controlled trials including relevant analyses for 6899 participants were included in the analysis.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · 1 completed · 1 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

CompletedPhase 3Results postedNCT01847313

The Effect of Glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonism on Diabetic Kidney Disease

Karl Neffn = 20Apr 2013 to Nov 2015

Diabetic Kidney Disease

Trial pageClinicalTrials.govUpdated 8 Feb 2019

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    12 Oct 2026, 12:10 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:05 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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