Exenatide decreases hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a mouse model of obesity and in a randomised controlled trial.

Samson SL, Sathyanarayana P, Jogi M, Gonzalez EV, Gutierrez A, Krishnamurthy R, Muthupillai R, Chan L, Bajaj M

Diabetologia29 Sept 2011Cited by 88 (Europe PMC)

PMID21956711PMCIDPMC3658171DOI10.1007/s00125-011-2317-zPepBankPUB-21956711

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study11

8 results from studies that gave the peptide. 1 result from people.

01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, adding exenatide to pioglitazone reduced hepatic fat more than pioglitazone alone.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, exenatide plus pioglitazone reduced liver fat more than pioglitazone alone.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseHepatic fat
Study
n = 21
Comparator
Pioglitazone alone
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Studied dose
10 μg twice daily · 12 monthsAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
However, combined pioglitazone and exenatide therapy (n = 11) was associated with a significant reduction of FGF21 levels (2.3 ± 0.5 to 1.1 ± 0.3 ng/ml) and a greater decrease in hepatic fat.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (n = 24) on diet and/or metformin were randomised (using a table of random numbers) to receive additional treatment consisting of pioglitazone 45 mg/day or combined therapy with pioglitazone (45 mg/day) and exenatide (10 μg twice daily) for 12 months in an open labe…
Report a problemFND-2195671102
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In obese mice, exendin‑4 reduced hepatic triacylglycerol content.
In plain wordsIn obese mice, exendin‑4 reduced liver triacylglycerol content.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseHepatic triacylglycerol
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Diet-induced obesity
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
In DIO mice, exendin-4 for 4 weeks significantly reduced hepatic triacylglycerol content, decreased hepatic FGF21 protein and mRNA, and enhanced phosphorylation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, although no significant difference in weight and body fat was observed.
Report a problemFND-2195671105
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In obese mice, exendin‑4 decreased hepatic FGF21 protein.
In plain wordsIn obese mice, exendin‑4 decreased FGF21 protein in the liver.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseHepatic FGF21 protein
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Diet-induced obesity
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
In DIO mice, exendin-4 for 4 weeks significantly reduced hepatic triacylglycerol content, decreased hepatic FGF21 protein and mRNA, and enhanced phosphorylation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, although no significant difference in weight and body fat was observed.
Report a problemFND-2195671106
04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In obese mice, exendin‑4 decreased hepatic FGF21 mRNA.
In plain wordsIn obese mice, exendin‑4 decreased FGF21 messenger RNA in the liver.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseHepatic FGF21 mRNA
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Diet-induced obesity
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
In DIO mice, exendin-4 for 4 weeks significantly reduced hepatic triacylglycerol content, decreased hepatic FGF21 protein and mRNA, and enhanced phosphorylation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, although no significant difference in weight and body fat was observed.
Report a problemFND-2195671107
05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In obese mice, exendin‑4 enhanced hepatic AMPK phosphorylation.
In plain wordsIn obese mice, exendin‑4 increased AMPK phosphorylation in the liver.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
IncreaseHepatic AMPK phosphorylation
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Diet-induced obesity
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
In DIO mice, exendin-4 for 4 weeks significantly reduced hepatic triacylglycerol content, decreased hepatic FGF21 protein and mRNA, and enhanced phosphorylation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, although no significant difference in weight and body fat was observed.
Report a problemFND-2195671108
06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In obese mice, exendin‑4 enhanced hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation.
In plain wordsIn obese mice, exendin‑4 increased acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation in the liver.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
IncreaseAcetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Diet-induced obesity
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
In DIO mice, exendin-4 for 4 weeks significantly reduced hepatic triacylglycerol content, decreased hepatic FGF21 protein and mRNA, and enhanced phosphorylation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, although no significant difference in weight and body fat was observed.
Report a problemFND-2195671109
07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In obese mice, exendin‑4 did not significantly change body weight.
In plain wordsIn obese mice, exendin‑4 did not significantly change body weight.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
No significant changeBody weight
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Diet-induced obesity
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
In DIO mice, exendin-4 for 4 weeks significantly reduced hepatic triacylglycerol content, decreased hepatic FGF21 protein and mRNA, and enhanced phosphorylation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, although no significant difference in weight and body fat was observed.
Report a problemFND-2195671110
08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In obese mice, exendin‑4 did not significantly change body fat.
In plain wordsIn obese mice, exendin‑4 did not significantly change body fat.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
No significant changeBody fat
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Diet-induced obesity
Outcome group
Body composition · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (mouse).
Source sentences
Summary
In DIO mice, exendin-4 for 4 weeks significantly reduced hepatic triacylglycerol content, decreased hepatic FGF21 protein and mRNA, and enhanced phosphorylation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, although no significant difference in weight and body fat was observed.
Report a problemFND-2195671111

Studies that did not test the peptide alone3

In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).

09HumanNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, pioglitazone plus exenatide reduced plasma FGF21 from baseline.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, pioglitazone plus exenatide reduced FGF21 levels compared with baseline.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreasePlasma FGF21
Study
n = 11
Comparator
Baseline
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Measurements
Plasma FGF21
2.3 ng/ml
baseline
Plasma FGF21
1.1 ng/ml
combination treatment
Source sentences
Summary
However, combined pioglitazone and exenatide therapy (n = 11) was associated with a significant reduction of FGF21 levels (2.3 ± 0.5 to 1.1 ± 0.3 ng/ml) and a greater decrease in hepatic fat.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (n = 24) on diet and/or metformin were randomised (using a table of random numbers) to receive additional treatment consisting of pioglitazone 45 mg/day or combined therapy with pioglitazone (45 mg/day) and exenatide (10 μg twice daily) for 12 months in an open labe…
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Report a problemFND-2195671101
10HumanNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
In patients with type 2 diabetes, three recipients of pioglitazone plus exenatide reported significant self-limiting nausea.
In plain wordsIn patients with diabetes, three people receiving pioglitazone plus exenatide reported significant nausea that resolved.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
Not applicableNausea
Study
n = 11
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
Nausea cases
3 patients
combination therapy
Source sentences
Summary
Three patients who received pioglitazone and exenatide combination therapy complained of significant nausea that was self-limiting and did not require them to leave the study.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
However, combined pioglitazone and exenatide therapy (n = 11) was associated with a significant reduction of FGF21 levels (2.3 ± 0.5 to 1.1 ± 0.3 ng/ml) and a greater decrease in hepatic fat.
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Report a problemFND-2195671103
11AnimalNot a test of Exenatide (exendin-4) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In the mouse experiment with exendin‑4, hepatic FGF21 correlated inversely with hepatic AMPK phosphorylation.
In plain wordsIn mice studied with exendin‑4, higher liver FGF21 was linked to lower liver AMPK phosphorylation.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseHepatic FGF21 association with AMPK phosphorylation
Study
mousen: not reported in source
Diet-induced obesity
Outcome group
Liver fat and liver function · Liver
Source sentences
Summary
Hepatic FGF21 correlated inversely with hepatic AMPK phosphorylation
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In DIO mice, exendin-4 for 4 weeks significantly reduced hepatic triacylglycerol content, decreased hepatic FGF21 protein and mRNA, and enhanced phosphorylation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, although no significant difference in weight and body fat was observed.
In this study, Exenatide (exendin-4) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Exenatide (exendin-4).
Report a problemFND-2195671112

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · 1 completed · 1 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

CompletedPhase 4Results postedNCT01432405

Effect Of Exenatide Treatment on Liver Fat Content in Patients With Diabetes

Baylor College of Medicinen = 24Jun 2007 to Jun 2009

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Trial page ClinicalTrials.govUpdated 12 Apr 2016

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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