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Study · Not a test of the peptide alone · 2011

12 results

Efficacy and safety of long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists compared with exenatide twice daily and sitagliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pinelli NR, Hurren KM

The Annals of pharmacotherapy5 Jul 2011Cited by 40 (Europe PMC)

PMID21730278 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1345/aph.1q024 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-21730278
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study12

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone12

In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  1. 01HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, pooled long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists reduced A1C more than exenatide twice daily.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs as a group lowered A1C more than exenatide twice daily.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseA1C change versus exenatide twice daily (pooled LA-GLP-1RAs)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Exenatide twice daily
    Analysis
    Primary
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight

    Measurements

    WMD A1C
    −0.47%
    versus exenatide twice daily

    Source sentences

    Summary
    A1C was reduced favoring LA-GLP-1RAs compared with exenatide twice daily and sitagliptin (weighted mean difference [WMD] -0.47% [95% CI -0.69 to -0.25]
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs (liraglutide, exenatide once weekly) with exenatide twice daily and dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) from baseline to study endpoint.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  2. 02HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, pooled long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists reduced A1C more than sitagliptin.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs as a group lowered A1C more than sitagliptin.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseA1C change versus sitagliptin (pooled LA-GLP-1RAs)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Sitagliptin
    Analysis
    Primary
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight

    Measurements

    WMD A1C
    −0.6%
    versus sitagliptin

    Source sentences

    Summary
    A1C was reduced favoring LA-GLP-1RAs compared with exenatide twice daily and sitagliptin (weighted mean difference [WMD] -0.47% [95% CI -0.69 to -0.25] and WMD -0.60% [95% CI -0.75 to -0.45]
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs (liraglutide, exenatide once weekly) with exenatide twice daily and dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) from baseline to study endpoint.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  3. 03HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, pooled long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists were favored for reaching an A1C below 7%.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs as a group helped more people reach an A1C below 7%.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    IncreaseReaching A1C target below 7% (pooled LA-GLP-1RAs)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Exenatide twice daily and sitagliptin
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Odds ratios greater than 1 favored LA-GLP-1RAs for reaching the A1C target goal of less than 7%.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs (liraglutide, exenatide once weekly) with exenatide twice daily and dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) from baseline to study endpoint.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  4. 04HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, fasting plasma glucose was reduced and favored the long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist regimens.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, fasting blood sugar fell more with long-acting GLP-1 drug regimens.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseFasting plasma glucose (pooled LA-GLP-1RAs)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was reduced and favored the LA-GLP-1RA-based regimens.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs (liraglutide, exenatide once weekly) with exenatide twice daily and dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) from baseline to study endpoint.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  5. 05HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, exenatide twice daily reduced postprandial glucose after morning and evening meals more than long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists did.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, exenatide twice daily lowered blood sugar after meals more than long-acting GLP-1 drugs.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    IncreasePostprandial glucose versus exenatide twice daily (pooled LA-GLP-1RAs)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Exenatide twice daily
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exenatide demonstrated significantly greater reductions in postprandial glucose (PPG) after the morning and evening meals, compared with LA-GLP-1RAs.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs (liraglutide, exenatide once weekly) with exenatide twice daily and dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) from baseline to study endpoint.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  6. 06HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, body weight was reduced similarly by long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists and exenatide.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs and exenatide reduced weight by a similar amount.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeBody weight versus exenatide (pooled LA-GLP-1RAs)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Exenatide
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Body weight was reduced similarly between LA-GLP-1RAs and exenatide
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs (liraglutide, exenatide once weekly) with exenatide twice daily and dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) from baseline to study endpoint.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  7. 07HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists reduced body weight more than sitagliptin.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs lowered weight more than sitagliptin.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight versus sitagliptin (pooled LA-GLP-1RAs)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Sitagliptin
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    but favored LA-GLP-1RAs in the sitagliptin comparator trials.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs (liraglutide, exenatide once weekly) with exenatide twice daily and dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) from baseline to study endpoint.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  8. 08HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy was not associated with severe hypoglycemia.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs were not linked to severe low blood sugar.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeSevere hypoglycemia (pooled LA-GLP-1RAs)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    LA-GLP-1RA therapy was not associated with severe hypoglycemia or acute pancreatitis.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs (liraglutide, exenatide once weekly) with exenatide twice daily and dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) from baseline to study endpoint.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  9. 09HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy was not associated with acute pancreatitis.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs were not linked to acute pancreatitis.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeAcute pancreatitis (pooled LA-GLP-1RAs)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Gastrointestinal

    Source sentences

    Summary
    LA-GLP-1RA therapy was not associated with severe hypoglycemia or acute pancreatitis.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs (liraglutide, exenatide once weekly) with exenatide twice daily and dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) from baseline to study endpoint.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  10. 10HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, vomiting was significantly less frequent with long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists than with exenatide twice daily.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs caused less vomiting than exenatide twice daily.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    DecreaseVomiting versus exenatide twice daily (pooled LA-GLP-1RAs)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Exenatide twice daily
    Outcome group
    Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal

    Measurements

    OR vomiting
    0.55
    versus exenatide twice daily

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared with exenatide twice daily, vomiting was reduced significantly with LA-GLP-1RAs (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.89)
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs (liraglutide, exenatide once weekly) with exenatide twice daily and dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) from baseline to study endpoint.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  11. 11HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, nausea tended to be lower with long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists than with exenatide twice daily, but not significantly.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs tended to cause less nausea than exenatide twice daily, but not significantly.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeNausea versus exenatide twice daily (pooled LA-GLP-1RAs)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Exenatide twice daily
    Outcome group
    Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal

    Measurements

    OR nausea
    0.58
    versus exenatide twice daily

    Source sentences

    Summary
    there was a trend toward decreased nausea (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.32 to 1.06)
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs (liraglutide, exenatide once weekly) with exenatide twice daily and dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) from baseline to study endpoint.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

  12. 12HumanNot a test of Liraglutide aloneSystematic reviewSafety outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, the incidence of diarrhea did not differ between long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists and exenatide twice daily.

    In plain wordsIn people with type 2 diabetes, long-acting GLP-1 drugs and exenatide twice daily caused diarrhea equally often.

    Peptide
    Liraglutide
    Outcome
    No significant changeDiarrhea versus exenatide twice daily (pooled LA-GLP-1RAs)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Exenatide twice daily
    Outcome group
    Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal

    Measurements

    OR diarrhea
    1.03
    versus exenatide twice daily

    Source sentences

    Summary
    no difference in the incidence of diarrhea (OR 1.03; 95% CI 0.67 to 1.58).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs (liraglutide, exenatide once weekly) with exenatide twice daily and dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Summary · context
    The primary endpoint was mean change in hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) from baseline to study endpoint.

    In this study, Liraglutide was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Liraglutide.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    12 Oct 2026, 12:10 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:05 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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