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Study · Not a test of the peptide alone · 2011

6 results

Controlled release of thymosin β4 using collagen-chitosan composite hydrogels promotes epicardial cell migration and angiogenesis.

Chiu LL, Radisic M

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society30 May 2011Cited by 58 (Europe PMC)

PMID21663777 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.05.026 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-21663777
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone6

In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  1. 01AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    Tβ4-encapsulated collagen-chitosan hydrogels promoted angiogenesis in vivo after subcutaneous injection versus collagen-only hydrogels.

    In plain wordsIn animals, a collagen-chitosan gel holding Tβ4, injected under the skin, increased new blood vessel growth versus a collagen-only gel.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseIn vivo angiogenesis after subcutaneous injection
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Collagen-only hydrogels (the abstract does not say whether they held Tβ4)
    Outcome group
    Angiogenesis · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Importantly, Tβ4-encapsulated collagen-chitosan hydrogels promoted angiogenesis in vivo upon subcutaneous injection, compared to collagen-only hydrogels.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  2. 02LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneEx vivo tissueActivity measurement

    Hydrogels with encapsulated Tβ4 increased cell migration from mouse and rat epicardial explants in vitro versus Tβ4-free and soluble controls.

    In plain wordsIn the lab, gels holding Tβ4 increased cell movement from mouse and rat heart-surface tissue versus gels without Tβ4 and loose Tβ4.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseEpicardial cell migration
    Study

    mouse and ratn: not reported in source

    epicardial explants
    Comparator
    Tβ4-free and soluble controls
    Outcome group
    Angiogenesis · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Hydrogels with encapsulated Tβ4 significantly increased cell migration and outgrowth of CD31-positive capillaries from mouse and rat epicardial explants in vitro, compared to Tβ4-free and soluble controls.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  3. 03LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneEx vivo tissueActivity measurement

    Hydrogels with encapsulated Tβ4 increased outgrowth of CD31-positive capillaries from mouse and rat epicardial explants in vitro versus Tβ4-free and soluble controls.

    In plain wordsIn the lab, gels holding Tβ4 increased capillary outgrowth from mouse and rat heart-surface tissue versus gels without Tβ4 and loose Tβ4.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    IncreaseOutgrowth of CD31-positive capillaries
    Study

    mouse and ratn: not reported in source

    epicardial explants
    Comparator
    Tβ4-free and soluble controls
    Outcome group
    Angiogenesis · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Hydrogels with encapsulated Tβ4 significantly increased cell migration and outgrowth of CD31-positive capillaries from mouse and rat epicardial explants in vitro, compared to Tβ4-free and soluble controls.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  4. 04LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Other

    A collagen-chitosan hydrogel released encapsulated Tβ4 in a controlled way over 28 days.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, a collagen-chitosan gel released thymosin beta‑4 slowly over 28 days.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTβ4 release time from collagen-chitosan hydrogel
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    collagen-chitosan hydrogel
    Outcome group
    Formulation, delivery and stability · Pharmacology

    Measurements

    release duration
    28 days
    collagen-chitosan hydrogel

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Here we developed a collagen-chitosan hydrogel for the encapsulation of Tβ4, which allowed its controlled release over 28days to elicit localized and prolonged effects.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  5. 05LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Other

    Tβ4 was fully released over 3 days from collagen-only hydrogels.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, a collagen-only gel released thymosin beta‑4 fully within 3 days.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTβ4 release time from collagen-only hydrogel
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    collagen-only hydrogel
    Outcome group
    Formulation, delivery and stability · Pharmacology

    Measurements

    release duration
    3 days
    collagen-only hydrogel

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Contrastingly, Tβ4 was fully released over 3days when encapsulated in collagen-only hydrogels due to charge repulsion and lack of interconnected pores as shown by SEM.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

  6. 06LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Mechanism

    Release of negatively charged Tβ4 from collagen-chitosan hydrogels was affected by electrostatic interactions with collagen and chitosan molecules.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, the electric charge of thymosin beta‑4 affected how it was released from the gel.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableEffect of peptide charge on release from collagen-chitosan hydrogel
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    collagen-chitosan hydrogel
    Outcome group
    Formulation, delivery and stability · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    While the release of neutral polyalanine was size-controlled diffusion, that of negatively-charged Tβ4 and positively-charged polylysine was affected by electrostatic interactions of peptides with collagen/chitosan molecules.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The charge of encapsulated molecules affected their release from collagen-chitosan hydrogels.

    In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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