Thymosin β4 expression in human tissues and in tumors using tissue microarrays.

Jo JO, Kang YJ, Ock MS, Kleinman HK, Chang HK, Cha HJ

Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM1 Mar 2011Cited by 17 (Europe PMC)

PMID20975530DOI10.1097/pai.0b013e3181f12237PepBankPUB-20975530

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study4

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured4

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

01HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In normal human tissues, thymosin beta‑4 was highly expressed in hepatic cells of the adult liver, duct and acinar cells of the pancreas, and heart muscle cells.
In plain wordsIn human tissue samples, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 was found at high levels in normal liver, pancreas and heart cells.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableThymosin beta-4 expression in normal human tissues
Study
n: not reported in source
human tissue microarray
Outcome group
Gene expression · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
Thymosin β4 was highly expressed in the hepatic cells in the normal adult liver, duct, and acinar cells in pancreas, and muscle cells in the heart
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Using tissue microarray analysis, we compared the expression patterns of thymosin β4 in the normal human tissues and in the tumors to screen certain tumors and upregulated the expression of thymosin β4 by tumorigenesis.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2097553001
02HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In human tumor tissue, thymosin beta‑4 was highly expressed in osteosarcoma, colon adenocarcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, kidney and urinary bladder transitional carcinoma, lung cancer and liver cancer.
In plain wordsIn human tissue samples, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 was found at high levels in several tumor types.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableThymosin beta-4 expression in tumor cells
Study
n: not reported in source
human tissue microarray
Outcome group
Gene expression · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
and also expressed highly in certain tumor cells, including osteosarcoma, colon adenocarcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, kidney and urinary bladder transitional carcinoma, lung cancer, and liver cancer.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Using tissue microarray analysis, we compared the expression patterns of thymosin β4 in the normal human tissues and in the tumors to screen certain tumors and upregulated the expression of thymosin β4 by tumorigenesis.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2097553002
03HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
Compared with normal tissue, thymosin beta‑4 was upregulated specifically in osteosarcoma, colorectal carcinoma and esophageal cancer.
In plain wordsIn human tissue samples, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 was higher in osteosarcoma, colorectal and esophageal cancer than in normal tissue.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseThymosin beta-4 expression in tumor versus normal tissue
Study
n: not reported in source
human tissue microarray
Comparator
Normal tissue
Outcome group
Gene expression · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Comparing the thymosin β4 expression between normal and tumors, thymosin β4 was upregulated specifically in osteosarcoma, colorectal carcinoma, and esophageal cancer.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Using tissue microarray analysis, we compared the expression patterns of thymosin β4 in the normal human tissues and in the tumors to screen certain tumors and upregulated the expression of thymosin β4 by tumorigenesis.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2097553003
04HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In additional microarrays, thymosin beta‑4 expression was significantly increased in osteosarcoma and in colorectal cancer.
In plain wordsIn a second set of human tissue samples, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 was higher in osteosarcoma and colorectal cancer.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseThymosin beta-4 expression in additional tumor microarrays
Study
n: not reported in source
human tissue microarray
Comparator
Normal tissue
Outcome group
Gene expression · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
The significant increased expression of thymosin β4 was observed in osteosarcoma and in colorectal cancer.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To confirm the over-expression of thymosin β4 in these tumors, we analyzed expression of thymosin β4 with each additional microarray of osteosarcoma, colorectal carcinoma, and esophageal cancer.
Summary · context
Using tissue microarray analysis, we compared the expression patterns of thymosin β4 in the normal human tissues and in the tumors to screen certain tumors and upregulated the expression of thymosin β4 by tumorigenesis.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-2097553004

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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