Effects of exenatide versus sitagliptin on postprandial glucose, insulin and glucagon secretion, gastric emptying, and caloric intake: a randomized, cross-over study.

DeFronzo RA, Okerson T, Viswanathan P, Guan X, Holcombe JH, MacConell L

Current medical research and opinion10 Sept 2008Cited by 286 (Europe PMC)

PMID18786299DOI10.1185/03007990802418851PepBankPUB-18786299

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study10

10 results from studies that gave the peptide. 10 results from people.

01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In metformin-treated T2D patients, exenatide lowered 2-hour postprandial glucose versus sitagliptin.
In plain wordsExenatide lowered after-meal glucose more than sitagliptin in patients with T2D.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
Decrease2-hour postprandial glucose
Study
n = 61
Comparator
Sitagliptin
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week · 2 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
2-h PPG
133 mg/dL
exenatide
2-h PPG
208 mg/dL
sitagliptin
Source sentences
Summary
After 2 weeks of therapy, 2-h PPG was lower with exenatide versus sitagliptin: 133 +/- 6 mg/dL versus 208 +/- 6 mg/dL, p < 0.0001 (evaluable, N = 61).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This double-blind, randomized cross-over, multi-center study was conducted in metformin-treated T2D patients: 54% female; BMI: 33 +/- 5 kg/m(2); HbA(1c): 8.5 +/- 1.2%; 2-h PPG: 245 +/- 65 mg/dL.
Summary · context
Patients received exenatide (5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week) or sitagliptin (100 mg QAM) for 2 weeks.
Report a problemFND-1878629901
02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In T2D patients, exenatide reduced caloric intake versus sitagliptin.
In plain wordsPatients consumed fewer calories with exenatide than with sitagliptin.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseCaloric intake
Study
n = 25
Comparator
Sitagliptin
Outcome group
Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week · 2 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Change in total caloric intake
−134 kcal
exenatide
Change in total caloric intake
130 kcal
sitagliptin
Source sentences
Summary
Exenatide reduced total caloric intake compared to sitagliptin (-134 +/- 97 kcal vs. +130 +/- 97 kcal, p = 0.0227, N = 25).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This double-blind, randomized cross-over, multi-center study was conducted in metformin-treated T2D patients: 54% female; BMI: 33 +/- 5 kg/m(2); HbA(1c): 8.5 +/- 1.2%; 2-h PPG: 245 +/- 65 mg/dL.
Summary · context
Patients received exenatide (5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week) or sitagliptin (100 mg QAM) for 2 weeks.
Report a problemFND-1878629911
03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In T2D patients, switching to exenatide reduced postprandial glucose, whereas switching to sitagliptin increased it.
In plain wordsSwitching to exenatide lowered after-meal glucose, while switching to sitagliptin raised it.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseGlucose after treatment switch
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Sitagliptin
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week · 2 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
2-h PPG change after switch
73 mg/dL
switch from exenatide to sitagliptin
2-h PPG change after switch
−76 mg/dL
switch from sitagliptin to exenatide
Source sentences
Summary
Switching from exenatide to sitagliptin increased 2-h PPG by +73 +/- 11 mg/dL, while switching from sitagliptin to exenatide further reduced 2-h PPG by -76 +/- 10 mg/dL.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This double-blind, randomized cross-over, multi-center study was conducted in metformin-treated T2D patients: 54% female; BMI: 33 +/- 5 kg/m(2); HbA(1c): 8.5 +/- 1.2%; 2-h PPG: 245 +/- 65 mg/dL.
Summary · context
Patients received exenatide (5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week) or sitagliptin (100 mg QAM) for 2 weeks.
Report a problemFND-1878629902
04HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In metformin-treated T2D patients, exenatide lowered postprandial glucose AUC, average and peak concentrations versus sitagliptin.
In plain wordsExenatide lowered overall, average and peak after-meal glucose more than sitagliptin in patients with T2D.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreasePostprandial glucose parameters (AUC, Cave, Cmax)
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Sitagliptin
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week · 2 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Postprandial glucose parameters (AUC, C(ave), C(max)) were lower with exenatide than sitagliptin (p < 0.0001).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This double-blind, randomized cross-over, multi-center study was conducted in metformin-treated T2D patients: 54% female; BMI: 33 +/- 5 kg/m(2); HbA(1c): 8.5 +/- 1.2%; 2-h PPG: 245 +/- 65 mg/dL.
Summary · context
Patients received exenatide (5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week) or sitagliptin (100 mg QAM) for 2 weeks.
Report a problemFND-1878629903
05HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In T2D patients, fasting glucose reductions were similar with exenatide and sitagliptin.
In plain wordsFasting glucose fell similarly with exenatide and sitagliptin.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
No significant changeFasting glucose reduction
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Sitagliptin
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week · 2 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Fasting glucose reduction
−15 mg/dL
exenatide
Fasting glucose reduction
−19 mg/dL
sitagliptin
Source sentences
Summary
Reduction in fasting glucose was similar with exenatide and sitagliptin (-15 +/- 4 mg/dL vs. -19 +/- 4 mg/dL, p = 0.3234).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This double-blind, randomized cross-over, multi-center study was conducted in metformin-treated T2D patients: 54% female; BMI: 33 +/- 5 kg/m(2); HbA(1c): 8.5 +/- 1.2%; 2-h PPG: 245 +/- 65 mg/dL.
Summary · context
Patients received exenatide (5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week) or sitagliptin (100 mg QAM) for 2 weeks.
Report a problemFND-1878629906
06HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In T2D patients, exenatide increased the insulinogenic index versus sitagliptin.
In plain wordsExenatide improved the insulin secretion index more than sitagliptin.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
IncreaseInsulinogenic index
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Sitagliptin
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week · 2 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Insulinogenic index ratio
1.5 ratio exenatide to sitagliptin
exenatide versus sitagliptin
Source sentences
Summary
Compared to sitagliptin, exenatide improved the insulinogenic index of insulin secretion (ratio exenatide to sitagliptin: 1.50 +/- 0.26, p = 0.0239)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This double-blind, randomized cross-over, multi-center study was conducted in metformin-treated T2D patients: 54% female; BMI: 33 +/- 5 kg/m(2); HbA(1c): 8.5 +/- 1.2%; 2-h PPG: 245 +/- 65 mg/dL.
Summary · context
Patients received exenatide (5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week) or sitagliptin (100 mg QAM) for 2 weeks.
Report a problemFND-1878629907
07HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In T2D patients, exenatide reduced postprandial glucagon versus sitagliptin.
In plain wordsExenatide lowered after-meal glucagon more than sitagliptin.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreasePostprandial glucagon AUC
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Sitagliptin
Outcome group
Hormone levels · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week · 2 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Postprandial glucagon AUC ratio
0.88 ratio exenatide to sitagliptin
exenatide versus sitagliptin
Source sentences
Summary
reduced postprandial glucagon (AUC ratio exenatide to sitagliptin: 0.88 +/- 0.03, p = 0.0011)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This double-blind, randomized cross-over, multi-center study was conducted in metformin-treated T2D patients: 54% female; BMI: 33 +/- 5 kg/m(2); HbA(1c): 8.5 +/- 1.2%; 2-h PPG: 245 +/- 65 mg/dL.
Summary · context
Patients received exenatide (5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week) or sitagliptin (100 mg QAM) for 2 weeks.
Report a problemFND-1878629908
08HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In T2D patients, exenatide reduced postprandial triglycerides versus sitagliptin.
In plain wordsExenatide lowered after-meal blood fats more than sitagliptin.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreasePostprandial triglyceride AUC
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Sitagliptin
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week · 2 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Postprandial triglyceride AUC ratio
0.9 ratio exenatide to sitagliptin
exenatide versus sitagliptin
Source sentences
Summary
reduced postprandial triglycerides (AUC ratio exenatide to sitagliptin: 0.90 +/- 0.04, p = 0.0118)
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This double-blind, randomized cross-over, multi-center study was conducted in metformin-treated T2D patients: 54% female; BMI: 33 +/- 5 kg/m(2); HbA(1c): 8.5 +/- 1.2%; 2-h PPG: 245 +/- 65 mg/dL.
Summary · context
Patients received exenatide (5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week) or sitagliptin (100 mg QAM) for 2 weeks.
Report a problemFND-1878629909
09HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In T2D patients, exenatide slowed gastric emptying versus sitagliptin.
In plain wordsExenatide slowed stomach emptying more than sitagliptin.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
DecreaseGastric emptying
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Sitagliptin
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal motility · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week · 2 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Acetaminophen AUC ratio (gastric emptying)
0.56 ratio exenatide to sitagliptin
exenatide versus sitagliptin
Source sentences
Summary
and slowed gastric emptying (acetaminophen AUC ratio exenatide to sitagliptin: 0.56 +/- 0.05, p < 0.0001).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This double-blind, randomized cross-over, multi-center study was conducted in metformin-treated T2D patients: 54% female; BMI: 33 +/- 5 kg/m(2); HbA(1c): 8.5 +/- 1.2%; 2-h PPG: 245 +/- 65 mg/dL.
Summary · context
Patients received exenatide (5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week) or sitagliptin (100 mg QAM) for 2 weeks.
Report a problemFND-1878629910
10HumanRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
In T2D patients, common adverse events with both exenatide and sitagliptin were gastrointestinal and mild to moderate.
In plain wordsBoth exenatide and sitagliptin commonly caused mild to moderate digestive side effects.
Peptide
Exenatide (exendin-4)
Outcome
Direction not reportedGastrointestinal adverse events
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week · 2 weeksAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Common adverse events with both treatments were mild to moderate in intensity and gastrointestinal in nature.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
This double-blind, randomized cross-over, multi-center study was conducted in metformin-treated T2D patients: 54% female; BMI: 33 +/- 5 kg/m(2); HbA(1c): 8.5 +/- 1.2%; 2-h PPG: 245 +/- 65 mg/dL.
Summary · context
Patients received exenatide (5 microg BID for 1 week, then 10 microg BID for 1 week) or sitagliptin (100 mg QAM) for 2 weeks.
Report a problemFND-1878629912

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · 1 completed · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

CompletedPhase 4NCT00477581

A Study to Compare the Effects of Exenatide and Sitagliptin on Postprandial Glucose in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

AstraZenecan = 102May 2007 to Sept 2007

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Trial page ClinicalTrials.govUpdated 26 Aug 2015

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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