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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 2007

2 results

Identification and characterization of thymosin beta-4 in chicken macrophages using whole cell MALDI-TOF.

Kannan L, Rath NC, Liyanage R, Lay JO Jr

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences1 Sept 2007Cited by 16 (Europe PMC)

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study2

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured2

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01LabEndogenous levelIn vitro (cells)Other

    In chicken cells, a peak at m/z 4963, later identified as the body's own thymosin beta‑4, was present in monocytes/macrophages but not in granulocytes.

    In plain wordsIn chicken cells, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 was found in monocytes and macrophages but not in granulocytes.

    Outcome
    Not applicableTbeta-4 mass peak (m/z 4963) in monocytes/macrophages versus granulocytes
    Study

    chickenn: not reported in source

    chicken monocytes/macrophages and avian macrophage cell line HTC
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The mass spectra showed a prominent peak at m/z 4963 in monocytes/macrophages but not in the granulocytes. Subsequent purification and characterization of the m/z 4963 peptide from an avian macrophage cell line HTC, revealed it to be thymosin beta-4 (Tbeta-4), an actin-modulating peptide.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The aim of the study was to determine chicken monocyte- and granulocyte-associated peptides and proteins using "whole cell" matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and to characterize the peptides based on their abundance.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02LabEndogenous levelIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In chicken HTC macrophage cells, bacterial lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan did not change the expression or secretion of the body's own thymosin beta‑4.

    In plain wordsIn chicken macrophage cells, bacterial components did not change the body's own thymosin beta‑4 gene expression or release.

    Outcome
    No significant changeTbeta-4 gene expression and secretion after LPS and peptidoglycan
    Study

    chickenn: not reported in source

    chicken monocytes/macrophages and avian macrophage cell line HTC
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    HTC cells when treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan to determine the modulation of Tbeta-4 gene expression or its secretion, showed no changes.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The aim of the study was to determine chicken monocyte- and granulocyte-associated peptides and proteins using "whole cell" matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and to characterize the peptides based on their abundance.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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