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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2007

13 results

Exendin-4, but not dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition, increases small intestinal mass in GK rats.

Simonsen L, Pilgaard S, Orskov C, Rosenkilde MM, Hartmann B, Holst JJ, Deacon CF

American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology12 Apr 2007Cited by 44 (Europe PMC)

PMID17431213 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1152/ajpgi.00453.2006 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-17431213
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study13

13 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In GK rats, exendin‑4 reduced HbA1c versus control.

    In plain wordsIn rats, exendin‑4 reduced HbA1c compared with control.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GK rats
    Comparator
    Vehicle control
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 nmol/kg bid · subcutaneous · 12 wkAs given in this study (rat).

    Measurements

    HbA1c change
    −0.8%
    week 12 versus control

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Both treatments lowered glycated hemoglobin A1c at wk 12 vs. control (Ex-4, -0.8%; DPPIV-I, -0.4%).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In GK rats, exendin‑4 reduced body weight versus control.

    In plain wordsIn rats, exendin‑4 reduced body weight compared with control.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseBody weight
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GK rats
    Comparator
    Vehicle control
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 nmol/kg bid · subcutaneous · 12 wkAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Body weight was reduced by Ex-4 compared with control (361 +/- 4 vs. 399 +/- 5 g; P < 0.001) because of reduced food intake, whereas neither parameter was affected by DPPIV-I.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In GK rats, exendin‑4 reduced food intake versus control.

    In plain wordsIn rats, exendin‑4 reduced food intake compared with control.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseFood intake
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GK rats
    Comparator
    Vehicle control
    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 nmol/kg bid · subcutaneous · 12 wkAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Body weight was reduced by Ex-4 compared with control (361 +/- 4 vs. 399 +/- 5 g; P < 0.001) because of reduced food intake, whereas neither parameter was affected by DPPIV-I.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In GK rats, exendin‑4 did not affect linear bone growth.

    In plain wordsIn rats, exendin‑4 did not change bone growth compared with control.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeLinear bone growth
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GK rats
    Comparator
    Vehicle control
    Outcome group
    Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
    Studied dose
    5 nmol/kg bid · subcutaneous · 12 wkAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Linear bone growth was unaffected by either treatment.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In GK rats, food intake increased after exendin‑4 ended.

    In plain wordsIn rats, food intake increased after exendin‑4 treatment ended.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseFood intake after withdrawal
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GK rats
    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 nmol/kg bid · subcutaneous · 12 wkAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    After treatment end, food intake in Ex-4 animals increased, and, by wk 21, body weight was identical in all groups.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In GK rats, body weight was identical across groups at study week 21, nine weeks after exendin‑4 ended.

    In plain wordsIn rats, weight no longer differed between exendin‑4 and control groups after treatment ended.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeWeight after withdrawal
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GK rats
    Comparator
    Vehicle control
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    5 nmol/kg bid · subcutaneous · 12 wkAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    After treatment end, food intake in Ex-4 animals increased, and, by wk 21, body weight was identical in all groups.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In GK rats, exendin‑4 increased small intestinal length versus control.

    In plain wordsIn rats, exendin‑4 increased small intestine length compared with control.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseSmall intestinal length
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GK rats
    Comparator
    Vehicle control
    Outcome group
    Intestinal growth and absorption · Gastrointestinal
    Studied dose
    5 nmol/kg bid · subcutaneous · 12 wkAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The small intestine of Ex-4-treated animals was larger at wk 12 compared with control (length, 135.6 +/- 1.6 vs. 124.5 +/- 2.3 cm, P < 0.001; absolute weight, 8.4 +/- 0.2 vs. 6.4 +/- 0.4 g, P < 0.001)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats.
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In GK rats, exendin‑4 increased small intestinal weight versus control.

    In plain wordsIn rats, exendin‑4 increased small intestine weight compared with control.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseSmall intestinal weight
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GK rats
    Comparator
    Vehicle control
    Outcome group
    Intestinal growth and absorption · Gastrointestinal
    Studied dose
    5 nmol/kg bid · subcutaneous · 12 wkAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The small intestine of Ex-4-treated animals was larger at wk 12 compared with control (length, 135.6 +/- 1.6 vs. 124.5 +/- 2.3 cm, P < 0.001; absolute weight, 8.4 +/- 0.2 vs. 6.4 +/- 0.4 g, P < 0.001)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats.
  9. 09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In GK rats, exendin‑4 increased proximal intestinal cross-sectional area relative to body weight versus control.

    In plain wordsIn rats, exendin‑4 increased relative intestinal cross-sectional area compared with control.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseProximal intestinal cross-sectional area
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GK rats
    Comparator
    Vehicle control
    Outcome group
    Intestinal growth and absorption · Gastrointestinal
    Studied dose
    5 nmol/kg bid · subcutaneous · 12 wkAs given in this study (rat).

    Measurements

    Cross-sectional area increase
    24%
    relative to body weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    being most pronounced proximally, where the absolute cross-sectional area related to body weight increased by 24% because of increased mucosal thickness.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats.
  10. 10AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In GK rats, increased mucosal thickness accompanied exendin‑4-associated intestinal enlargement versus control.

    In plain wordsIn rats, exendin‑4 increased intestinal lining thickness compared with control.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseMucosal thickness
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GK rats
    Comparator
    Vehicle control
    Outcome group
    Intestinal growth and absorption · Gastrointestinal
    Studied dose
    5 nmol/kg bid · subcutaneous · 12 wkAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    being most pronounced proximally, where the absolute cross-sectional area related to body weight increased by 24% because of increased mucosal thickness.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats.
  11. 11AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In GK rats, intestinal effects reversed after exendin‑4 withdrawal, with no apparent difference from control.

    In plain wordsIn rats, intestinal changes reversed after exendin‑4 ended, leaving no apparent difference from control.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeIntestinal effects after withdrawal
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GK rats
    Comparator
    Vehicle control
    Outcome group
    Intestinal growth and absorption · Gastrointestinal
    Studied dose
    5 nmol/kg bid · subcutaneous · 12 wkAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    These effects were reversible, and 9 wk after the end of treatment, no differences between Ex-4 and control were apparent.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats.
  12. 12AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In GK rats, exendin‑4 did not alter plasma GLP-2 concentrations.

    In plain wordsIn rats, exendin‑4 did not change plasma GLP-2 compared with control.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changePlasma GLP-2
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    GK rats
    Comparator
    Vehicle control
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
    Studied dose
    5 nmol/kg bid · subcutaneous · 12 wkAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Plasma GLP-2 concentrations were unaltered by either treatment, and Ex-4 had no agonistic or antagonistic effects on the transfected GLP-2 receptor.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study compared the intestinotrophic effects of 12-wk administration of vehicle, exendin-4 (Ex-4; 5 nmol/kg bid sc), or DPPIV-I (NN-7201, 10 mg/kg qd orally) in GK rats.
  13. 13LabIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement

    In transfected receptor tests, exendin‑4 showed neither agonistic nor antagonistic GLP-2 receptor effects.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, exendin‑4 neither activated nor blocked the GLP-2 receptor.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    No significant changeGLP-2 receptor activity
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Transfected GLP-2 receptor
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Plasma GLP-2 concentrations were unaltered by either treatment, and Ex-4 had no agonistic or antagonistic effects on the transfected GLP-2 receptor.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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