ERK activation by thymosin-beta-4 (TB4) overexpression induces paclitaxel-resistance.

Oh SY, Song JH, Gil JE, Kim JH, Yeom YI, Moon EY

Experimental cell research3 Mar 2006Cited by 45 (Europe PMC)

PMID16515784DOI10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.01.030PepBankPUB-16515784

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study9

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured1

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

01LabEndogenous levelIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
TB4 transcript expression rose dose-dependently with paclitaxel in HeLa cells but not in TB4-HeLa cells.
In plain wordsIn cells, paclitaxel raised the body's own TB4 transcript in HeLa cells but not in TB4-overexpressing HeLa cells.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
MixedTB4 transcript with paclitaxel treatment
Study
humann: not reported in source
HeLa cells and TB4-overexpressing HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa)
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
TB4 transcript expression with paclitaxel treatment was dose-dependently increased in HeLa cells but that was not in TB4-HeLa cells.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we overexpressed TB4 in HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa) and examined the effect of TB4 in paclitaxel-induced cell death.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-1651578404

Studies that did not test the peptide alone8

In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

02LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement
In HeLa cells, TB4 overexpression gave a higher growth rate than in HeLa cells.
In plain wordsIn cells, extra TB4 made HeLa cells grow faster than control HeLa cells.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseGrowth rate of TB4-HeLa cells
Study
humann: not reported in source
HeLa cells and TB4-overexpressing HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa)
Comparator
HeLa cells
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
TB4-HeLa cells showed a higher growth rate
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we overexpressed TB4 in HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa) and examined the effect of TB4 in paclitaxel-induced cell death.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-1651578401
03LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement
In HeLa cells, TB4 overexpression gave a lower percentage of basal apoptosis than in HeLa cells.
In plain wordsIn cells, extra TB4 lowered natural cell death in HeLa cells compared with control HeLa cells.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseBasal apoptosis of TB4-HeLa cells
Study
humann: not reported in source
HeLa cells and TB4-overexpressing HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa)
Comparator
HeLa cells
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
TB4-HeLa cells showed a higher growth rate and a lower percentage of basal apoptosis than HeLa cells.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we overexpressed TB4 in HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa) and examined the effect of TB4 in paclitaxel-induced cell death.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-1651578402
04LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement
TB4-overexpressing HeLa cells were more resistant to paclitaxel-induced cell death than HeLa cells.
In plain wordsIn cells, extra TB4 made HeLa cells more resistant to paclitaxel than control HeLa cells.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreasePaclitaxel-induced cell death in TB4-HeLa cells
Study
humann: not reported in source
HeLa cells and TB4-overexpressing HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa)
Comparator
HeLa cells
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
TB4-HeLa cells were more resistant to paclitaxel-induced cell death than HeLa cells.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we overexpressed TB4 in HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa) and examined the effect of TB4 in paclitaxel-induced cell death.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-1651578403
05LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement
In HeLa cells, TB4 siRNA inhibited cell growth.
In plain wordsIn cells, lowering TB4 with siRNA slowed HeLa cell growth.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseHeLa cell growth after TB4 siRNA
Study
humann: not reported in source
HeLa cells and TB4-overexpressing HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa)
Comparator
HeLa cells
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) of TB4 inhibited HeLa cell growth
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we overexpressed TB4 in HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa) and examined the effect of TB4 in paclitaxel-induced cell death.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-1651578405
06LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement
In HeLa cells, TB4 siRNA enhanced paclitaxel-induced cell death.
In plain wordsIn cells, lowering TB4 with siRNA made paclitaxel kill more HeLa cells.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreasePaclitaxel-induced cell death after TB4 siRNA
Study
humann: not reported in source
HeLa cells and TB4-overexpressing HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa)
Comparator
HeLa cells
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
enhanced paclitaxel-induced cell death.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we overexpressed TB4 in HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa) and examined the effect of TB4 in paclitaxel-induced cell death.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-1651578406
07LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In paclitaxel-untreated TB4-HeLa cells, basal ERK phosphorylation was elevated.
In plain wordsIn cells, extra TB4 raised basal ERK activity in HeLa cells.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
IncreaseBasal ERK phosphorylation in TB4-HeLa cells
Study
humann: not reported in source
HeLa cells and TB4-overexpressing HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa)
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Basal ERK phosphorylation was elevated
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we overexpressed TB4 in HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa) and examined the effect of TB4 in paclitaxel-induced cell death.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-1651578407
08LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In paclitaxel-untreated TB4-HeLa cells, basal p38 kinase phosphorylation was reduced.
In plain wordsIn cells, extra TB4 lowered basal p38 kinase activity in HeLa cells.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseBasal p38 kinase phosphorylation in TB4-HeLa cells
Study
humann: not reported in source
HeLa cells and TB4-overexpressing HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa)
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
basal p38 kinase phosphorylation was reduced in paclitaxel non-treated TB4-HeLa cells.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we overexpressed TB4 in HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa) and examined the effect of TB4 in paclitaxel-induced cell death.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-1651578408
09LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In TB4-overexpressing HeLa cells, pretreatment with the ERK inhibitor PD98059 overcame paclitaxel resistance.
In plain wordsIn cells, blocking basal ERK activity removed the paclitaxel resistance of HeLa cells with extra TB4.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreasePaclitaxel resistance of TB4-HeLa cells after ERK inhibition
Study
humann: not reported in source
TB4-overexpressing HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa)
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Paclitaxel-resistance of TB4-HeLa cells was overcome by the inhibition of basal ERK activity with PD98059 pre-treatment.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we overexpressed TB4 in HeLa cells (TB4-HeLa) and examined the effect of TB4 in paclitaxel-induced cell death.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-1651578409

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.