Possible functional involvement of thymosin beta 4 in developing tooth germ of mouse lower first molar.

Akhter M, Kobayashi I, Kiyoshima T, Matsuo K, Yamaza H, Wada H, Honda JY, Ming X, Sakai H

Histochemistry and cell biology1 Sept 2005Cited by 23 (Europe PMC)

PMID16133119DOI10.1007/s00418-005-0040-xPepBankPUB-16133119

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured7

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In the developing mouse mandibular first molar, Tbeta4 mRNA was expressed in the presumptive dental epithelium at E10.5 and in the thickened dental epithelium at E12.
In plain wordsIn mice, the body's own Tbeta4 gene was active in early tooth-forming tissue at embryonic days 10.5 and 12.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableTbeta4 mRNA in dental epithelium at E10.5 and E12
Study
mousen: not reported in source
developing mandibular first molar
Outcome group
Gene expression · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
Tbeta4 mRNA was expressed in the presumptive dental epithelium at embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5) and in the thickened dental epithelium at E12.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the detailed in situ expression pattern of thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4) in the developing mouse mandibular first molar.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-1613311901
02AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In the developing mouse molar, an in situ Tbeta4 signal was seen in the invaginated epithelial bud at E13, in the enamel organ at E14 and E14.5, and in the primary enamel knot at E14.5.
In plain wordsIn mice, the body's own Tbeta4 gene was active in several parts of the developing tooth between embryonic days 13 and 14.5.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableTbeta4 signal in epithelial bud, enamel organ and primary enamel knot at E13 to E14.5
Study
mousen: not reported in source
developing mandibular first molar
Outcome group
Gene expression · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
An in situ signal was observed in the invaginated epithelial bud at E13, in the enamel organ at E14 and E14.5, and in the primary enamel knot (PEK) at E14.5.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the detailed in situ expression pattern of thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4) in the developing mouse mandibular first molar.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-1613311902
03AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In the developing mouse molar, the Tbeta4 signal was localized in the epithelial cells of the outer layer of the enamel organ at E15 and E15.5.
In plain wordsIn mice, the body's own Tbeta4 gene was active in the outer layer of the developing tooth at embryonic days 15 and 15.5.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableTbeta4 signal in outer enamel organ at E15 and E15.5
Study
mousen: not reported in source
developing mandibular first molar
Outcome group
Gene expression · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
The signal was localized in the epithelial cells of the outer layer of the enamel organ at E15 and E15.5.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the detailed in situ expression pattern of thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4) in the developing mouse mandibular first molar.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-1613311903
04AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In the developing mouse molar, no Tbeta4 signal was found in the primary enamel knot at E15 and E15.5.
In plain wordsIn mice, the body's own Tbeta4 gene gave no signal in the enamel knot of the developing tooth at embryonic days 15 and 15.5.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableTbeta4 signal in primary enamel knot at E15 and E15.5
Study
mousen: not reported in source
developing mandibular first molar
Outcome group
Gene expression · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
No signal was found in the PEK at these stages.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the detailed in situ expression pattern of thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4) in the developing mouse mandibular first molar.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-1613311904
05AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In the developing mouse molar, Tbeta4 mRNA was expressed in the inner enamel epithelium, cervical loop and dental lamina at E16 and E17.
In plain wordsIn mice, the body's own Tbeta4 gene was active in inner tooth tissues at embryonic days 16 and 17.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableTbeta4 mRNA in inner enamel epithelium, cervical loop and dental lamina at E16 and E17
Study
mousen: not reported in source
developing mandibular first molar
Outcome group
Gene expression · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
Tbeta4 mRNA was expressed in the inner enamel epithelium, cervical loop and dental lamina at E16 and E17.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the detailed in situ expression pattern of thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4) in the developing mouse mandibular first molar.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-1613311905
06AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In the developing mouse molar, Tbeta4 mRNA was observed in the polarized inner epithelial cells at E18, newborn day 1 and newborn day 2.
In plain wordsIn mice, the body's own Tbeta4 gene was active in inner tooth cells from embryonic day 18 to newborn day 2.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableTbeta4 mRNA in polarized inner epithelial cells at E18, N1 and N2
Study
mousen: not reported in source
developing mandibular first molar
Outcome group
Gene expression · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
The expression of Tbeta4 mRNA was observed in the polarized inner epithelial cells at E18, newborn day 1 (N1) and N2.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the detailed in situ expression pattern of thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4) in the developing mouse mandibular first molar.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-1613311906
07AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In the developing mouse molar, the Tbeta4 signal intensity decreased markedly at newborn day 3.
In plain wordsIn mice, the signal from the body's own Tbeta4 gene in the developing tooth dropped markedly at newborn day 3.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
DecreaseTbeta4 signal intensity at newborn day 3
Study
mousen: not reported in source
developing mandibular first molar
Outcome group
Gene expression · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
However, the signal intensity decreased markedly at N3.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We examined the detailed in situ expression pattern of thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4) in the developing mouse mandibular first molar.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-1613311907

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Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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