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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2005

9 results

Growth hormone-releasing peptide hexarelin reduces neonatal brain injury and alters Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3beta phosphorylation.

Brywe KG, Leverin AL, Gustavsson M, Mallard C, Granata R, Destefanis S, Volante M, Hagberg H, Ghigo E, Isgaard J

Endocrinology4 Aug 2005Cited by 26 (Europe PMC)

PMID16081643 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1210/en.2005-0389 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-16081643
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study9

9 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic injury, hexarelin reduced brain damage by 39% versus vehicle.

    In plain wordsIn newborn rats with brain injury from low oxygen, hexarelin reduced brain damage by 39% compared with vehicle.

    Peptide
    Hexarelin
    Outcome
    DecreaseBrain damage
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (unilateral carotid ligation plus hypoxia)
    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intracerebroventricularAs given in this study (rat).

    Measurements

    Brain damage reduction
    39%
    treatment vs vehicle

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Brain damage was reduced by 39% in the treatment group, compared with vehicle group, and injury was significantly reduced in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus but not in the striatum.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Hypoxic-ischemic insult was induced by unilateral carotid ligation and hypoxic exposure (7.7% oxygen), and HEX treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly, directly after the insult.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic injury, hexarelin significantly reduced injury in the cerebral cortex.

    In plain wordsIn newborn rats with brain injury from low oxygen, hexarelin reduced injury in the cerebral cortex.

    Peptide
    Hexarelin
    Outcome
    DecreaseInjury in cerebral cortex
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (unilateral carotid ligation plus hypoxia)
    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intracerebroventricularAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Brain damage was reduced by 39% in the treatment group, compared with vehicle group, and injury was significantly reduced in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus but not in the striatum.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Hypoxic-ischemic insult was induced by unilateral carotid ligation and hypoxic exposure (7.7% oxygen), and HEX treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly, directly after the insult.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic injury, hexarelin significantly reduced injury in the hippocampus.

    In plain wordsIn newborn rats with brain injury from low oxygen, hexarelin reduced injury in the hippocampus.

    Peptide
    Hexarelin
    Outcome
    DecreaseInjury in hippocampus
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (unilateral carotid ligation plus hypoxia)
    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intracerebroventricularAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Brain damage was reduced by 39% in the treatment group, compared with vehicle group, and injury was significantly reduced in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus but not in the striatum.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Hypoxic-ischemic insult was induced by unilateral carotid ligation and hypoxic exposure (7.7% oxygen), and HEX treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly, directly after the insult.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic injury, hexarelin significantly reduced injury in the thalamus.

    In plain wordsIn newborn rats with brain injury from low oxygen, hexarelin reduced injury in the thalamus.

    Peptide
    Hexarelin
    Outcome
    DecreaseInjury in thalamus
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (unilateral carotid ligation plus hypoxia)
    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intracerebroventricularAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Brain damage was reduced by 39% in the treatment group, compared with vehicle group, and injury was significantly reduced in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus but not in the striatum.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Hypoxic-ischemic insult was induced by unilateral carotid ligation and hypoxic exposure (7.7% oxygen), and HEX treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly, directly after the insult.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic injury, hexarelin did not significantly reduce injury in the striatum.

    In plain wordsIn newborn rats with brain injury from low oxygen, hexarelin did not clearly reduce injury in the striatum.

    Peptide
    Hexarelin
    Outcome
    No significant changeInjury in striatum
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (unilateral carotid ligation plus hypoxia)
    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intracerebroventricularAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Brain damage was reduced by 39% in the treatment group, compared with vehicle group, and injury was significantly reduced in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus but not in the striatum.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Hypoxic-ischemic insult was induced by unilateral carotid ligation and hypoxic exposure (7.7% oxygen), and HEX treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly, directly after the insult.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic injury, hexarelin significantly reduced caspase-3 activity.

    In plain wordsIn newborn rats with brain injury from low oxygen, hexarelin lowered caspase-3 activity, a marker of cell death.

    Peptide
    Hexarelin
    Outcome
    DecreaseCaspase-3 activity
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (unilateral carotid ligation plus hypoxia)
    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intracerebroventricularAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The cerebroprotective effect was accompanied by a significant reduction of caspase-3 activity and an increased phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta, whereas ERK was unaffected.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Hypoxic-ischemic insult was induced by unilateral carotid ligation and hypoxic exposure (7.7% oxygen), and HEX treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly, directly after the insult.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic injury, hexarelin increased phosphorylation of Akt.

    In plain wordsIn newborn rats with brain injury from low oxygen, hexarelin increased phosphorylation of Akt, a cell survival protein.

    Peptide
    Hexarelin
    Outcome
    IncreaseAkt phosphorylation
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (unilateral carotid ligation plus hypoxia)
    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intracerebroventricularAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The cerebroprotective effect was accompanied by a significant reduction of caspase-3 activity and an increased phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta, whereas ERK was unaffected.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Hypoxic-ischemic insult was induced by unilateral carotid ligation and hypoxic exposure (7.7% oxygen), and HEX treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly, directly after the insult.
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic injury, hexarelin increased phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta.

    In plain wordsIn newborn rats with brain injury from low oxygen, hexarelin increased phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta.

    Peptide
    Hexarelin
    Outcome
    IncreaseGlycogen synthase kinase-3beta phosphorylation
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (unilateral carotid ligation plus hypoxia)
    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intracerebroventricularAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The cerebroprotective effect was accompanied by a significant reduction of caspase-3 activity and an increased phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta, whereas ERK was unaffected.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Hypoxic-ischemic insult was induced by unilateral carotid ligation and hypoxic exposure (7.7% oxygen), and HEX treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly, directly after the insult.
  9. 09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic injury, hexarelin did not affect ERK.

    In plain wordsIn newborn rats with brain injury from low oxygen, hexarelin did not change ERK signaling.

    Peptide
    Hexarelin
    Outcome
    No significant changeERK phosphorylation
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (unilateral carotid ligation plus hypoxia)
    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intracerebroventricularAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The cerebroprotective effect was accompanied by a significant reduction of caspase-3 activity and an increased phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta, whereas ERK was unaffected.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Hypoxic-ischemic insult was induced by unilateral carotid ligation and hypoxic exposure (7.7% oxygen), and HEX treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly, directly after the insult.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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