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Study · Randomized controlled trial · n = 109 · 2003

5 results

Effect on glycemic control of exenatide (synthetic exendin-4) additive to existing metformin and/or sulfonylurea treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Fineman MS, Bicsak TA, Shen LZ, Taylor K, Gaines E, Varns A, Kim D, Baron AD

Diabetes care1 Aug 2003Cited by 246 (Europe PMC)

PMID12882864 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.2337/diacare.26.8.2370 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-12882864
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study5

5 results from studies that gave the peptide. 5 results from people.

  1. 01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, all exenatide regimens reduced fructosamine versus placebo, with mean reductions of 39 to 46 micro mol/l.

    In plain wordsIn patients with type 2 diabetes, all exenatide regimens reduced fructosamine versus placebo.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseSerum fructosamine
    Study

    n = 109

    Comparator
    placebo
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    0.08 micro g/kg · subcutaneous · 28 daysAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Reduction in serum fructosamine
    39 to 46 micro mol/l
    AC2993 regimens versus placebo

    Source sentences

    Summary
    All three AC2993 regimens led to significant reductions in serum fructosamine relative to placebo (P <or= 0.004). Mean reductions ranged from 39 to 46 micro mol/l.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    A total of 109 patients treated with diet and a sulfonylurea and/or metformin were enrolled in a blinded study.
    Summary · context
    Patients were randomly assigned to one of three subcutaneously (SC) injected regimens of AC2993 (0.08 micro g/kg) or placebo for 28 days.
  2. 02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, exenatide groups had HbA1c reductions ranging from 0.7 to 1.1%.

    In plain wordsIn patients with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c fell in all exenatide groups.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c
    Study

    n = 109

    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    0.08 micro g/kg · subcutaneous · 28 daysAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Reduction in HbA1c
    0.7 to 1.1%
    AC2993 groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    All AC2993 groups had reductions in HbA(1c) ranging from 0.7 to 1.1% (P <or= 0.006).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    A total of 109 patients treated with diet and a sulfonylurea and/or metformin were enrolled in a blinded study.
    Summary · context
    Patients were randomly assigned to one of three subcutaneously (SC) injected regimens of AC2993 (0.08 micro g/kg) or placebo for 28 days.
  3. 03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c below 7% occurred in 15% receiving exenatide versus 4% receiving placebo.

    In plain wordsIn patients with type 2 diabetes, more exenatide patients than placebo patients reached the HbA1c target.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseHbA1c below target
    Study

    n = 109

    Comparator
    placebo
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    0.08 micro g/kg · subcutaneous · 28 daysAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Patients with end-of-study HbA1c <7%
    15%
    AC2993 patients
    Patients with end-of-study HbA1c <7%
    4%
    placebo patients

    Source sentences

    Summary
    An end-of-study HbA(1c) <7% was achieved by 15% of AC2993 patients versus 4% of placebo patients, confirming AC2993 effects on fasting and postprandial glycemia.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    A total of 109 patients treated with diet and a sulfonylurea and/or metformin were enrolled in a blinded study.
    Summary · context
    Patients were randomly assigned to one of three subcutaneously (SC) injected regimens of AC2993 (0.08 micro g/kg) or placebo for 28 days.
  4. 04HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes, beta-cell index rose 50-100% above baseline with exenatide, while placebo levels remained unchanged.

    In plain wordsIn patients with type 2 diabetes, beta-cell index increased with exenatide but stayed unchanged with placebo.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseBeta-cell index
    Study

    n = 109

    Comparator
    placebo
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    0.08 micro g/kg · subcutaneous · 28 daysAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Beta-cell index (HOMA) above baseline
    50 to 100%
    AC2993 groups, days 14 and 28

    Source sentences

    Summary
    On days 14 and 28, the beta-cell index (homeostasis model assessment) for patients treated with AC2993 was 50-100% higher than baseline, contrasting with unchanged levels for placebo.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    A total of 109 patients treated with diet and a sulfonylurea and/or metformin were enrolled in a blinded study.
    Summary · context
    Patients were randomly assigned to one of three subcutaneously (SC) injected regimens of AC2993 (0.08 micro g/kg) or placebo for 28 days.
  5. 05HumanRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome

    In patients with type 2 diabetes receiving exenatide, transient mild-to-moderate nausea was the most common adverse event.

    In plain wordsIn patients with type 2 diabetes receiving exenatide, temporary mild-to-moderate nausea was the most common adverse event.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    Direction not reportedNausea
    Study

    n = 109

    Outcome group
    Gastrointestinal adverse events · Gastrointestinal
    Studied dose
    0.08 micro g/kg · subcutaneous · 28 daysAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The most common adverse event was transient mild-to-moderate nausea.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    A total of 109 patients treated with diet and a sulfonylurea and/or metformin were enrolled in a blinded study.
    Summary · context
    Patients were randomly assigned to one of three subcutaneously (SC) injected regimens of AC2993 (0.08 micro g/kg) or placebo for 28 days.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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