Lack of suppression of glucagon contributes to postprandial hyperglycemia in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Shah P, Vella A, Basu A, Basu R, Schwenk WF, Rizza RA

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism1 Nov 2000Cited by 305 (Europe PMC)

PMID11095432DOI10.1210/jcem.85.11.6993PepBankPUB-11095432

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study5

5 results from studies that gave the peptide. 5 results from people.

01HumanNon-randomized trialPharmacokinetics
In diabetic subjects, immediate glucagon infusion maintained concentrations at about 120 ng/L throughout the study.
In plain wordsIn diabetic subjects, immediate glucagon infusion maintained glucagon levels at about 120 ng/L.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
Not applicableGlucagon concentrations with immediate infusion
Study
n = 9
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
Studied dose
1.25 ng/kg x min · infusionAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glucagon concentration
≈ 120 ng/L
nonsuppressed study day, throughout
Source sentences
Summary
In contrast, glucagon concentrations on the nonsuppressed study day remained constant at about 120 ng/L throughout.
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Nine diabetic subjects ingested 50 g glucose on two occasions.
Summary · context
On both occasions, somatostatin was infused at a rate of 4.3 nmol/kg x min, and insulin was infused in a diabetic insulin profile.
Summary · context
On one occasion, glucagon was also infused at a rate of 1.25 ng/kg x min to maintain portal glucagon concentrations constant (nonsuppressed study day).
Summary · context
On the other occasion, glucagon infusion was delayed by 2 h to create a transient decrease in glucagon (suppressed study day).
Report a problemFND-1109543201
02HumanNon-randomized trialPharmacokinetics
In diabetic subjects, delayed glucagon infusion allowed concentrations to fall to about 70 ng/L before rising to approximately 120 ng/L.
In plain wordsIn diabetic subjects, glucagon levels fell to about 70 ng/L before rising to approximately 120 ng/L with delayed infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
MixedGlucagon concentrations with delayed infusion
Study
n = 9
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
Studied dose
1.25 ng/kg x min, delayed by 2 h · infusionAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glucagon concentration
≈ 70 ng/L
suppressed study day, first 2 h
Glucagon concentration
≈ 120 ng/L
suppressed study day, after first 2 h
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon concentrations on the suppressed study day fell to about 70 ng/L during the first 2 h, rising thereafter to approximately 120 ng/L.
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Nine diabetic subjects ingested 50 g glucose on two occasions.
Summary · context
On both occasions, somatostatin was infused at a rate of 4.3 nmol/kg x min, and insulin was infused in a diabetic insulin profile.
Summary · context
On one occasion, glucagon was also infused at a rate of 1.25 ng/kg x min to maintain portal glucagon concentrations constant (nonsuppressed study day).
Summary · context
On the other occasion, glucagon infusion was delayed by 2 h to create a transient decrease in glucagon (suppressed study day).
Report a problemFND-1109543202
03HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In diabetic subjects, nonsuppressed glucagon produced higher glucose concentrations than delayed infusion: 10.9+/-0.8 versus 9.2+/-0.7 mmol/L (P < 0.001).
In plain wordsIn diabetic subjects, immediate glucagon infusion produced higher blood glucose than delayed infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
IncreaseGlucose concentration
Study
n = 9
Comparator
Glucagon infusion delayed by 2 h
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
1.25 ng/kg x min · infusionAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glucose concentration (mean)
10.9 mmol/L
nonsuppressed study day
Glucose concentration spread (+/-, as reported)
0.8 mmol/L
nonsuppressed study day
Glucose concentration (mean)
9.2 mmol/L
suppressed study day
Glucose concentration spread (+/-, as reported)
0.7 mmol/L
suppressed study day
Source sentences
Summary
The decrease in glucagon resulted in substantially lower (P < 0.001) glucose concentrations on the suppressed compared with the nonsuppressed study days (9.2+/-0.7 vs. 10.9+/-0.8 mmol/L) and a lower (P < 0.001) rate of release of [14C]glucose from glycogen (labeled by infusing [1-14C]galactose).
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Nine diabetic subjects ingested 50 g glucose on two occasions.
Summary · context
On both occasions, somatostatin was infused at a rate of 4.3 nmol/kg x min, and insulin was infused in a diabetic insulin profile.
Summary · context
On one occasion, glucagon was also infused at a rate of 1.25 ng/kg x min to maintain portal glucagon concentrations constant (nonsuppressed study day).
Summary · context
On the other occasion, glucagon infusion was delayed by 2 h to create a transient decrease in glucagon (suppressed study day).
Report a problemFND-1109543203
04HumanNon-randomized trialMechanism
In diabetic subjects, nonsuppressed glucagon produced greater labeled glucose release from glycogen than delayed glucagon infusion (P < 0.001).
In plain wordsIn diabetic subjects, immediate glucagon infusion produced more glucose release from glycogen than delayed infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
IncreaseGlucose release from glycogen
Study
n = 9
Comparator
Glucagon infusion delayed by 2 h
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
1.25 ng/kg x min · infusionAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
The decrease in glucagon resulted in substantially lower (P < 0.001) glucose concentrations on the suppressed compared with the nonsuppressed study days (9.2+/-0.7 vs. 10.9+/-0.8 mmol/L) and a lower (P < 0.001) rate of release of [14C]glucose from glycogen (labeled by infusing [1-14C]galactose).
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Nine diabetic subjects ingested 50 g glucose on two occasions.
Summary · context
On both occasions, somatostatin was infused at a rate of 4.3 nmol/kg x min, and insulin was infused in a diabetic insulin profile.
Summary · context
On one occasion, glucagon was also infused at a rate of 1.25 ng/kg x min to maintain portal glucagon concentrations constant (nonsuppressed study day).
Summary · context
On the other occasion, glucagon infusion was delayed by 2 h to create a transient decrease in glucagon (suppressed study day).
Report a problemFND-1109543204
05HumanNon-randomized trialMechanism
In diabetic subjects, hepatic UDP-glucose pool flux did not differ between immediate and delayed glucagon infusion.
In plain wordsIn diabetic subjects, immediate and delayed glucagon infusion produced similar flux through the liver's UDP-glucose pool.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
No significant changeHepatic UDP-glucose pool flux
Study
n = 9
Comparator
Glucagon infusion delayed by 2 h
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
1.25 ng/kg x min · infusionAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
On the other hand, flux through the hepatic UDP-glucose pool (and, by implication, glycogen synthesis), measured using the acetaminophen glucuronide method, did not differ on the two occasions.
4 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Nine diabetic subjects ingested 50 g glucose on two occasions.
Summary · context
On both occasions, somatostatin was infused at a rate of 4.3 nmol/kg x min, and insulin was infused in a diabetic insulin profile.
Summary · context
On one occasion, glucagon was also infused at a rate of 1.25 ng/kg x min to maintain portal glucagon concentrations constant (nonsuppressed study day).
Summary · context
On the other occasion, glucagon infusion was delayed by 2 h to create a transient decrease in glucagon (suppressed study day).
Report a problemFND-1109543205

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · 1 completed · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

CompletedPhase not statedNCT00716170

GIP, GLP-1 and GLP-2 in Type 2 Diabetic Hyperglucagonemia

Herlev Hospitaln = 10Jul 2008 to Jul 2009

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Trial page ClinicalTrials.govUpdated 28 Nov 2013

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
28 Oct 2026, 02:03 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
27 Oct 2026, 16:35 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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Terms as the source lists them.

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