Age-related variations in the neuroendocrine control, more than impaired receptor sensitivity, cause the reduction in the GH-releasing activity of GHRPs in human aging.

Arvat E, Ceda GP, Di Vito L, Ramunni J, Gianotti L, Broglio F, Deghenghi R, Ghigo E

Pituitary1 Apr 1998Cited by 36 (Europe PMC)

PMID11081183DOI10.1023/a:1009970909015PepBankPUB-11081183

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study12

5 results from studies that gave the peptide. 5 results from people.

01HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
At each hexarelin dose, the GH response in elderly subjects was lower than in young controls (p < 0.05).
In plain wordsAt every dose, older adults had a lower growth hormone response to hexarelin than young adults.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
DecreaseGH response to hexarelin, elderly versus young
Study
n = 28
Comparator
Young controls
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg · intravenousAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
However, at each dose the GH responses to HEX or GHRH in E were lower (p < 0.05) than those in Y.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To this goal, in 16 normal elderly subjects (E, 66-81 yr) and 12 young controls (Y, 24-28 yr) we studied the effects of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. Hexarelin (HEX), a synthetic hexapeptide, or GHRH, as well as the interaction among HEX (2.0 micrograms/kg), GHRH (2.0 micrograms/kg) and argini…
Report a problemFND-1108118305
02HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In elderly subjects, the GH response to hexarelin 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. showed a progressive increase with dose.
In plain wordsIn older adults, higher doses of hexarelin gave a larger growth hormone response.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
IncreaseGH response to increasing hexarelin doses, elderly
Study
n = 16
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg · intravenousAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
in E the GH response to increasing doses of HEX (336.7 +/- 50.0 vs. 742.8 +/- 157.9 vs. 1205.1 +/- 178.1 micrograms/L/h, p < 0.05 for 1.0 vs. 2 micrograms/kg, p < 0.001 for 1.0 vs. 3.0 micrograms/kg and p < 0.03 for 2.0 vs. 3.0 micrograms/kg)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To this goal, in 16 normal elderly subjects (E, 66-81 yr) and 12 young controls (Y, 24-28 yr) we studied the effects of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. Hexarelin (HEX), a synthetic hexapeptide, or GHRH, as well as the interaction among HEX (2.0 micrograms/kg), GHRH (2.0 micrograms/kg) and argini…
Report a problemFND-1108118303
03HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In elderly subjects, the GH response to 3 micrograms/kg hexarelin was clearly higher than that to 2 micrograms/kg.
In plain wordsIn older adults, the 3 micrograms/kg hexarelin dose gave a clearly higher growth hormone response than the 2 micrograms/kg dose.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
IncreaseGH response to 3 versus 2 micrograms/kg hexarelin, elderly
Study
n = 16
Comparator
Hexarelin 2 micrograms/kg
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
3 micrograms/kg · intravenousAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
In E the GH response to 3 micrograms/kg HEX or GHRH were clearly higher than those to 2 micrograms/kg.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To this goal, in 16 normal elderly subjects (E, 66-81 yr) and 12 young controls (Y, 24-28 yr) we studied the effects of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. Hexarelin (HEX), a synthetic hexapeptide, or GHRH, as well as the interaction among HEX (2.0 micrograms/kg), GHRH (2.0 micrograms/kg) and argini…
Report a problemFND-1108118304
04HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In young adults, the GH response to hexarelin 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. showed a progressive increase with dose (p < 0.05 for 1.0 vs. 2.0 micrograms/kg).
In plain wordsIn young adults, higher doses of hexarelin gave a larger growth hormone response.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
IncreaseGH response to increasing hexarelin doses, young
Study
n = 12
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg · intravenousAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
In Y the GH response to increasing doses of HEX (1.0 vs. 2.0 vs. 3.0 micrograms/kg; AUC0;v-120 +/- SEM: 1728.4 +/- 406.4 vs. 2265.9 +/- 298.4 vs. 2934.3 +/- 482.2 micrograms/L/h, p < 0.05 for 1.0 vs. 2.0 micrograms/kg) and GHRH (649.6 +/- 111.4 vs. 792.2 +/- 117.6 vs. 1402.6 +/- 363.0 micrograms/L/h…
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To this goal, in 16 normal elderly subjects (E, 66-81 yr) and 12 young controls (Y, 24-28 yr) we studied the effects of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. Hexarelin (HEX), a synthetic hexapeptide, or GHRH, as well as the interaction among HEX (2.0 micrograms/kg), GHRH (2.0 micrograms/kg) and argini…
Report a problemFND-1108118301
05HumanNon-randomized trialActivity measurement
In the young group, 2 micrograms/kg hexarelin was the maximal effective dose for GH release.
In plain wordsIn young adults, the 2 micrograms/kg hexarelin dose had the largest effect on growth hormone release.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
Not applicableMaximal effective dose of hexarelin
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
2 micrograms/kg · intravenousAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Two micrograms/kg HEX and 1 microgram/kg GHRH were the maximal effective doses.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To this goal, in 16 normal elderly subjects (E, 66-81 yr) and 12 young controls (Y, 24-28 yr) we studied the effects of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. Hexarelin (HEX), a synthetic hexapeptide, or GHRH, as well as the interaction among HEX (2.0 micrograms/kg), GHRH (2.0 micrograms/kg) and argini…
Report a problemFND-1108118302

Studies that did not test the peptide alone7

In this study, Hexarelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Hexarelin.

06HumanNot a test of Hexarelin aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
The GH responses to hexarelin plus GHRH in elderly subjects were lower than those in young adults (p < 0.01).
In plain wordsOlder adults had lower growth hormone responses to hexarelin plus GHRH than young adults.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
DecreaseGH response to hexarelin plus GHRH, elderly versus young
Study
n = 28
Comparator
Young controls
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
but these responses were lower than those in young (p < 0.01).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To this goal, in 16 normal elderly subjects (E, 66-81 yr) and 12 young controls (Y, 24-28 yr) we studied the effects of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. Hexarelin (HEX), a synthetic hexapeptide, or GHRH, as well as the interaction among HEX (2.0 micrograms/kg), GHRH (2.0 micrograms/kg) and argini…
In this study, Hexarelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Hexarelin.
Report a problemFND-1108118310
07HumanNot a test of Hexarelin aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In elderly subjects, the GH response to hexarelin plus GHRH was still synergistic (p < 0.05).
In plain wordsIn older adults, hexarelin and GHRH given together still produced a growth hormone response larger than expected from each alone.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
IncreaseGH response to hexarelin plus GHRH, elderly
Study
n = 16
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
In E the GH response to HEX and GHRH was still synergistical (1947.7 +/- 306.0 micrograms/L/h, p < 0.05) but these responses were lower than those in young (p < 0.01).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To this goal, in 16 normal elderly subjects (E, 66-81 yr) and 12 young controls (Y, 24-28 yr) we studied the effects of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. Hexarelin (HEX), a synthetic hexapeptide, or GHRH, as well as the interaction among HEX (2.0 micrograms/kg), GHRH (2.0 micrograms/kg) and argini…
In this study, Hexarelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Hexarelin.
Report a problemFND-1108118309
08HumanNot a test of Hexarelin aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In elderly subjects, arginine restored the GH response to hexarelin (p < 0.01).
In plain wordsIn older adults, adding arginine restored the growth hormone response to hexarelin.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
IncreaseEffect of arginine on hexarelin-induced GH rise, elderly
Study
n = 16
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
On the other hand, in E ARG restored the GH response to GHRH (1858.9 +/- 172.8 micrograms/L/h, p < 0.01) and even those to HEX (2069.5 +/- 528.7 micrograms/L/h, p < 0.01) and HEX + GHRH
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To this goal, in 16 normal elderly subjects (E, 66-81 yr) and 12 young controls (Y, 24-28 yr) we studied the effects of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. Hexarelin (HEX), a synthetic hexapeptide, or GHRH, as well as the interaction among HEX (2.0 micrograms/kg), GHRH (2.0 micrograms/kg) and argini…
In this study, Hexarelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Hexarelin.
Report a problemFND-1108118311
09HumanNot a test of Hexarelin aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In elderly subjects, arginine restored the GH response to hexarelin plus GHRH (p < 0.05).
In plain wordsIn older adults, adding arginine restored the growth hormone response to hexarelin plus GHRH.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
IncreaseEffect of arginine on hexarelin plus GHRH response, elderly
Study
n = 16
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
HEX + GHRH (4406.0 +/- 1079.2 micrograms/L/h, p < 0.05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To this goal, in 16 normal elderly subjects (E, 66-81 yr) and 12 young controls (Y, 24-28 yr) we studied the effects of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. Hexarelin (HEX), a synthetic hexapeptide, or GHRH, as well as the interaction among HEX (2.0 micrograms/kg), GHRH (2.0 micrograms/kg) and argini…
In this study, Hexarelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Hexarelin.
Report a problemFND-1108118312
10HumanNot a test of Hexarelin aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In young adults, intravenous hexarelin combined with GHRH produced a synergistic GH response (p < 0.05).
In plain wordsIn young adults, hexarelin and GHRH given together produced a growth hormone response larger than expected from each alone.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
IncreaseGH response to hexarelin plus GHRH, young
Study
n = 12
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
In Y the GH response to HEX + GHRH was synergistical (4259.2 +/- 308.0 micrograms/L/h, p < 0.05).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To this goal, in 16 normal elderly subjects (E, 66-81 yr) and 12 young controls (Y, 24-28 yr) we studied the effects of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. Hexarelin (HEX), a synthetic hexapeptide, or GHRH, as well as the interaction among HEX (2.0 micrograms/kg), GHRH (2.0 micrograms/kg) and argini…
In this study, Hexarelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Hexarelin.
Report a problemFND-1108118306
11HumanNot a test of Hexarelin aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In young adults, arginine did not potentiate the GH rise induced by hexarelin.
In plain wordsIn young adults, adding arginine did not boost the growth hormone rise caused by hexarelin.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
No significant changeEffect of arginine on hexarelin-induced GH rise, young
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
ARG strikingly potentiated the GHRH-induced GH rise (2640.8 +/- 273.6 micrograms/L/h, p < 0.01) but not the HEX-induced one (2371.7 +/- 387.2 micrograms/L/h)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To this goal, in 16 normal elderly subjects (E, 66-81 yr) and 12 young controls (Y, 24-28 yr) we studied the effects of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. Hexarelin (HEX), a synthetic hexapeptide, or GHRH, as well as the interaction among HEX (2.0 micrograms/kg), GHRH (2.0 micrograms/kg) and argini…
In this study, Hexarelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Hexarelin.
Report a problemFND-1108118307
12HumanNot a test of Hexarelin aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In young adults, arginine did not change the synergistic GH effect of hexarelin plus GHRH.
In plain wordsIn young adults, adding arginine did not change the combined growth hormone effect of hexarelin and GHRH.
Peptide
Hexarelin
Outcome
No significant changeEffect of arginine on hexarelin plus GHRH synergy, young
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
as well as the synergistical effect of HEX and GHRH (4009.1 +/- 360.8 micrograms/L/h)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To this goal, in 16 normal elderly subjects (E, 66-81 yr) and 12 young controls (Y, 24-28 yr) we studied the effects of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 micrograms/kg i.v. Hexarelin (HEX), a synthetic hexapeptide, or GHRH, as well as the interaction among HEX (2.0 micrograms/kg), GHRH (2.0 micrograms/kg) and argini…
In this study, Hexarelin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Hexarelin.
Report a problemFND-1108118308

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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