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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse, rat and rhesus monkey · 1999

7 results

Glucose-lowering and insulin-sensitizing actions of exendin-4: studies in obese diabetic (ob/ob, db/db) mice, diabetic fatty Zucker rats, and diabetic rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

Young AA, Gedulin BR, Bhavsar S, Bodkin N, Jodka C, Hansen B, Denaro M

Diabetes1 May 1999Cited by 311 (Europe PMC)

PMID10331407 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.2337/diabetes.48.5.1026 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-10331407
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

7 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic mice, exendin‑4 glucose lowering persisted for >4 h, whereas GLP-1 effects vanished within 1 h.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 lowered glucose for longer than GLP-1 at the same doses.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseDuration of glucose lowering
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    db/db and ob/ob mice
    Comparator
    GLP-1 at the same doses
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Whereas reductions in plasma glucose of up to 35% vanished within 1 h with most doses of GLP-1, the same doses of exendin-4 resulted in a similar glucose-lowering effect that persisted for >4 h.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    We compared the potency and duration of glucose-lowering effects of exendin-4 and GLP-1 in hyperglycemic db/db and ob/ob mice.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Activity measurement

    In db/db mice, exendin‑4 was 5,530-fold more potent than GLP-1 for glucose lowering at 1 h.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 lowered glucose more potently than GLP-1.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseGlucose-lowering potency in db/db mice
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    db/db mice
    Comparator
    GLP-1
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 was 5,530-fold more potent than GLP-1 in db/db mice (effective doses, 50% [ED50s] of 0.059 microg/kg +/-0.15 log and 329 microg/kg+/-0.22 log, respectively)
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Activity measurement

    In ob/ob mice, exendin‑4 was 5,480-fold more potent than GLP-1 for glucose lowering at 1 h.

    In plain wordsIn mice, exendin‑4 lowered glucose more potently than GLP-1.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseGlucose-lowering potency in ob/ob mice
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    ob/ob mice
    Comparator
    GLP-1
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    and was 5,480-fold more potent in ob/ob mice (ED50s of 0.136 microg/kg+/-0.10 log and 744 microg/kg+/-0.21 log, respectively) when the percentage fall in plasma glucose at 1 h was used as the indicator response.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic rhesus monkeys, exendin‑4 accelerated glucose lowering by up to 37%.

    In plain wordsIn rhesus monkeys, exendin‑4 accelerated glucose lowering.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseGlucose lowering in rhesus monkeys
    Study

    rhesus monkeyn: not reported in source

    diabetic rhesus monkeys
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    ED50
    0.25 microg/kg
    glucose lowering

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 dose-dependently accelerated glucose lowering in diabetic rhesus monkeys by up to 37% with an ED50 of 0.25 microg/kg +/-0.09 log.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic fatty Zucker rats, exendin‑4 reduced HbA1c relative to saline controls.

    In plain wordsIn rats, exendin‑4 lowered HbA1c compared with saline.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHbA1c
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    diabetic fatty Zucker rats
    Comparator
    saline-injected control rats
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    up to 100 microg per rat per day · subcutaneous · 5-6 weeksAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In two experiments in which diabetic fatty Zucker rats were injected subcutaneously twice daily for 5-6 weeks with doses of exendin-4 up to 100 microg x rat(-1) x day(-1) (approximately 250 microg/kg), HbA1c was reduced relative to saline-injected control rats.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic fatty Zucker rats, exendin‑4 treatment was associated with weight loss.

    In plain wordsIn rats, exendin‑4 treatment was associated with weight loss compared with saline controls.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    DecreaseWeight loss
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    diabetic fatty Zucker rats
    Comparator
    saline-injected control rats
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    up to 100 microg per rat per day · subcutaneous · 5-6 weeksAs given in this study (rat).

    Measurements

    ED50
    1 microg/kg
    weight loss

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 treatment was also associated in each of these experiments with weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity, as demonstrated by increases of up to 32 and 49%, respectively, in the glucose infusion rate (GIR) in the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    ED50s for weight loss and the increase in clamp GIR were 1.0 microg/kg+/-0.15 log and 2.4 microg/kg+/-0.41 log, respectively.
    Summary · context
    In two experiments in which diabetic fatty Zucker rats were injected subcutaneously twice daily for 5-6 weeks with doses of exendin-4 up to 100 microg x rat(-1) x day(-1) (approximately 250 microg/kg), HbA1c was reduced relative to saline-injected control rats.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic fatty Zucker rats, exendin‑4 improved insulin sensitivity, with clamp glucose infusion rate increases up to 32 and 49% across experiments.

    In plain wordsIn rats, exendin‑4 increased glucose infusion rates during insulin sensitivity tests compared with saline controls.

    Peptide
    Exenatide (exendin-4)
    Outcome
    IncreaseClamp glucose infusion rate
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    diabetic fatty Zucker rats
    Comparator
    saline-injected control rats
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    up to 100 microg per rat per day · subcutaneous · 5-6 weeksAs given in this study (rat).

    Measurements

    ED50
    2.4 microg/kg
    increase in clamp GIR

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exendin-4 treatment was also associated in each of these experiments with weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity, as demonstrated by increases of up to 32 and 49%, respectively, in the glucose infusion rate (GIR) in the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    ED50s for weight loss and the increase in clamp GIR were 1.0 microg/kg+/-0.15 log and 2.4 microg/kg+/-0.41 log, respectively.
    Summary · context
    In two experiments in which diabetic fatty Zucker rats were injected subcutaneously twice daily for 5-6 weeks with doses of exendin-4 up to 100 microg x rat(-1) x day(-1) (approximately 250 microg/kg), HbA1c was reduced relative to saline-injected control rats.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    22 Oct 2026, 02:26 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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