Glucagon increases glutamine uptake without affecting glutamine release in humans.

Battezzati A, Simonson DC, Luzi L, Matthews DE

Metabolism: clinical and experimental1 Jun 1998Cited by 21 (Europe PMC)

PMID9627372DOI10.1016/s0026-0495(98)90036-1PepBankPUB-09627372

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study12

12 results from studies that gave the peptide. 12 results from people.

01HumanNon-randomized trialPharmacokinetics
In healthy subjects, glucagon infusion at 4 ng/kg/min increased glucagon concentrations by 50% compared with unchanged infusion.
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, 4 ng/kg/min glucagon raised glucagon levels by 50% compared with unchanged infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
IncreaseGlucagon concentration at 4 ng/kg/min
Study
n = 7
Comparator
Unchanged glucagon infusion at 1.4 ng/kg/min
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
Studied dose
4 ng/kg/min · infusion · 3.5 hoursAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glucagon concentration increase
50%
glucagon 4 ng/kg/min vs unchanged infusion
Source sentences
Summary
The higher glucagon infusion rates increased the glucagon concentration by 50% and 100%, respectively.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Seven healthy subjects each underwent three pancreatic clamp studies (octreotide 30 ng/kg/min, insulin 0.15 mU/kg/min, and glucagon 1.4 ng/kg/min) lasting 7 hours.
Summary · context
During the last 3.5 hours of the studies, glucagon infusion was either unchanged (study 0) or increased to 4 and 7 ng/kg/min (studies 1 and 2).
Report a problemFND-0962737201
02HumanNon-randomized trialPharmacokinetics
In healthy subjects, glucagon infusion at 7 ng/kg/min increased glucagon concentrations by 100% compared with unchanged infusion.
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, 7 ng/kg/min glucagon raised glucagon levels by 100% compared with unchanged infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
IncreaseGlucagon concentration at 7 ng/kg/min
Study
n = 7
Comparator
Unchanged glucagon infusion at 1.4 ng/kg/min
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
Studied dose
7 ng/kg/min · infusion · 3.5 hoursAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glucagon concentration increase
100%
glucagon 7 ng/kg/min vs unchanged infusion
Source sentences
Summary
The higher glucagon infusion rates increased the glucagon concentration by 50% and 100%, respectively.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Seven healthy subjects each underwent three pancreatic clamp studies (octreotide 30 ng/kg/min, insulin 0.15 mU/kg/min, and glucagon 1.4 ng/kg/min) lasting 7 hours.
Summary · context
During the last 3.5 hours of the studies, glucagon infusion was either unchanged (study 0) or increased to 4 and 7 ng/kg/min (studies 1 and 2).
Report a problemFND-0962737202
03HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In healthy subjects, higher glucagon infusion rates transiently increased glucose concentrations.
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, higher glucagon infusion rates temporarily raised blood glucose compared with unchanged infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
IncreaseGlucose concentrations
Study
n = 7
Comparator
Unchanged glucagon infusion at 1.4 ng/kg/min
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
4 and 7 ng/kg/min · infusion · 3.5 hoursAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon transiently increased glucose concentrations by stimulating glucose production, which peaked in 15 minutes to 3.82 +/- 0.36 and 4.21 +/- 0.33 mg/kg/min in studies 1 and 2 and then returned to the postabsorptive levels.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Seven healthy subjects each underwent three pancreatic clamp studies (octreotide 30 ng/kg/min, insulin 0.15 mU/kg/min, and glucagon 1.4 ng/kg/min) lasting 7 hours.
Summary · context
During the last 3.5 hours of the studies, glucagon infusion was either unchanged (study 0) or increased to 4 and 7 ng/kg/min (studies 1 and 2).
Report a problemFND-0962737203
04HumanNon-randomized trialMechanism
In healthy subjects, glucagon-stimulated glucose production peaked at 3.82 +/- 0.36 mg/kg/min in 15 minutes before returning to postabsorptive levels.
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, 4 ng/kg/min glucagon temporarily increased glucose production compared with the postabsorptive level.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
IncreaseGlucose production at 4 ng/kg/min
Study
n = 7
Comparator
Postabsorptive level
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
4 ng/kg/min · infusion · 3.5 hoursAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glucose production at peak (15 minutes)
3.82 mg/kg/min
glucagon 4 ng/kg/min; +/- 0.36
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon transiently increased glucose concentrations by stimulating glucose production, which peaked in 15 minutes to 3.82 +/- 0.36 and 4.21 +/- 0.33 mg/kg/min in studies 1 and 2 and then returned to the postabsorptive levels.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Seven healthy subjects each underwent three pancreatic clamp studies (octreotide 30 ng/kg/min, insulin 0.15 mU/kg/min, and glucagon 1.4 ng/kg/min) lasting 7 hours.
Summary · context
During the last 3.5 hours of the studies, glucagon infusion was either unchanged (study 0) or increased to 4 and 7 ng/kg/min (studies 1 and 2).
Report a problemFND-0962737204
05HumanNon-randomized trialMechanism
In healthy subjects, glucagon-stimulated glucose production peaked at 4.21 +/- 0.33 mg/kg/min in 15 minutes before returning to postabsorptive levels.
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, 7 ng/kg/min glucagon temporarily increased glucose production compared with the postabsorptive level.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
IncreaseGlucose production at 7 ng/kg/min
Study
n = 7
Comparator
Postabsorptive level
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
7 ng/kg/min · infusion · 3.5 hoursAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glucose production at peak (15 minutes)
4.21 mg/kg/min
glucagon 7 ng/kg/min; +/- 0.33
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon transiently increased glucose concentrations by stimulating glucose production, which peaked in 15 minutes to 3.82 +/- 0.36 and 4.21 +/- 0.33 mg/kg/min in studies 1 and 2 and then returned to the postabsorptive levels.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Seven healthy subjects each underwent three pancreatic clamp studies (octreotide 30 ng/kg/min, insulin 0.15 mU/kg/min, and glucagon 1.4 ng/kg/min) lasting 7 hours.
Summary · context
During the last 3.5 hours of the studies, glucagon infusion was either unchanged (study 0) or increased to 4 and 7 ng/kg/min (studies 1 and 2).
Report a problemFND-0962737205
06HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In healthy subjects, glucagon at 4 ng/kg/min changed glutamine concentrations by -10% +/- 2% versus unchanged infusion (P < .05).
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, 4 ng/kg/min glucagon lowered glutamine levels compared with unchanged infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
DecreaseGlutamine concentration at 4 ng/kg/min
Study
n = 7
Comparator
Unchanged glucagon infusion at 1.4 ng/kg/min
Outcome group
Protein and amino acid metabolism · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
4 ng/kg/min · infusion · 3.5 hoursAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glutamine concentration change
−10%
glucagon 4 ng/kg/min vs study 0; +/- 2
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon decreased the glutamine concentration (-10% +/- 2% and -22% +/- 2% in studies 1 and 2 v study 0, P < .05), because glutamine uptake became greater than glutamine release (balance from -1.9 +/- 0.9 in study 0 to -8.1 +/- 1.1 and -13.6 +/- 1.0 micromol/kg/h in studies 1 and 2, P < .01).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Seven healthy subjects each underwent three pancreatic clamp studies (octreotide 30 ng/kg/min, insulin 0.15 mU/kg/min, and glucagon 1.4 ng/kg/min) lasting 7 hours.
Summary · context
During the last 3.5 hours of the studies, glucagon infusion was either unchanged (study 0) or increased to 4 and 7 ng/kg/min (studies 1 and 2).
Report a problemFND-0962737206
07HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In healthy subjects, glucagon at 7 ng/kg/min changed glutamine concentrations by -22% +/- 2% versus unchanged infusion (P < .05).
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, 7 ng/kg/min glucagon lowered glutamine levels compared with unchanged infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
DecreaseGlutamine concentration at 7 ng/kg/min
Study
n = 7
Comparator
Unchanged glucagon infusion at 1.4 ng/kg/min
Outcome group
Protein and amino acid metabolism · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
7 ng/kg/min · infusion · 3.5 hoursAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glutamine concentration change
−22%
glucagon 7 ng/kg/min vs study 0; +/- 2
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon decreased the glutamine concentration (-10% +/- 2% and -22% +/- 2% in studies 1 and 2 v study 0, P < .05), because glutamine uptake became greater than glutamine release (balance from -1.9 +/- 0.9 in study 0 to -8.1 +/- 1.1 and -13.6 +/- 1.0 micromol/kg/h in studies 1 and 2, P < .01).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Seven healthy subjects each underwent three pancreatic clamp studies (octreotide 30 ng/kg/min, insulin 0.15 mU/kg/min, and glucagon 1.4 ng/kg/min) lasting 7 hours.
Summary · context
During the last 3.5 hours of the studies, glucagon infusion was either unchanged (study 0) or increased to 4 and 7 ng/kg/min (studies 1 and 2).
Report a problemFND-0962737207
08HumanNon-randomized trialMechanism
In healthy subjects, glutamine balance changed from -1.9 +/- 0.9 to -8.1 +/- 1.1 micromol/kg/h with glucagon (P < .01).
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, 4 ng/kg/min glucagon increased glutamine uptake relative to release compared with unchanged infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
DecreaseGlutamine balance at 4 ng/kg/min
Study
n = 7
Comparator
Unchanged glucagon infusion at 1.4 ng/kg/min
Outcome group
Protein and amino acid metabolism · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
4 ng/kg/min · infusion · 3.5 hoursAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glutamine balance
−1.9 micromol/kg/h
study 0 (unchanged glucagon); +/- 0.9
Glutamine balance
−8.1 micromol/kg/h
glucagon 4 ng/kg/min; +/- 1.1
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon decreased the glutamine concentration (-10% +/- 2% and -22% +/- 2% in studies 1 and 2 v study 0, P < .05), because glutamine uptake became greater than glutamine release (balance from -1.9 +/- 0.9 in study 0 to -8.1 +/- 1.1 and -13.6 +/- 1.0 micromol/kg/h in studies 1 and 2, P < .01).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Seven healthy subjects each underwent three pancreatic clamp studies (octreotide 30 ng/kg/min, insulin 0.15 mU/kg/min, and glucagon 1.4 ng/kg/min) lasting 7 hours.
Summary · context
During the last 3.5 hours of the studies, glucagon infusion was either unchanged (study 0) or increased to 4 and 7 ng/kg/min (studies 1 and 2).
Report a problemFND-0962737208
09HumanNon-randomized trialMechanism
In healthy subjects, glutamine balance changed from -1.9 +/- 0.9 to -13.6 +/- 1.0 micromol/kg/h with glucagon (P < .01).
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, 7 ng/kg/min glucagon increased glutamine uptake relative to release compared with unchanged infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
DecreaseGlutamine balance at 7 ng/kg/min
Study
n = 7
Comparator
Unchanged glucagon infusion at 1.4 ng/kg/min
Outcome group
Protein and amino acid metabolism · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
7 ng/kg/min · infusion · 3.5 hoursAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Glutamine balance
−1.9 micromol/kg/h
study 0 (unchanged glucagon); +/- 0.9
Glutamine balance
−13.6 micromol/kg/h
glucagon 7 ng/kg/min; +/- 1.0
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon decreased the glutamine concentration (-10% +/- 2% and -22% +/- 2% in studies 1 and 2 v study 0, P < .05), because glutamine uptake became greater than glutamine release (balance from -1.9 +/- 0.9 in study 0 to -8.1 +/- 1.1 and -13.6 +/- 1.0 micromol/kg/h in studies 1 and 2, P < .01).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Seven healthy subjects each underwent three pancreatic clamp studies (octreotide 30 ng/kg/min, insulin 0.15 mU/kg/min, and glucagon 1.4 ng/kg/min) lasting 7 hours.
Summary · context
During the last 3.5 hours of the studies, glucagon infusion was either unchanged (study 0) or increased to 4 and 7 ng/kg/min (studies 1 and 2).
Report a problemFND-0962737209
10HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In healthy subjects, glucagon at 7 ng/kg/min changed leucine concentrations by -11% +/- 3% versus unchanged infusion (P < .02).
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, 7 ng/kg/min glucagon lowered leucine levels compared with unchanged infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
DecreaseLeucine concentration
Study
n = 7
Comparator
Unchanged glucagon infusion at 1.4 ng/kg/min
Outcome group
Protein and amino acid metabolism · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
7 ng/kg/min · infusion · 3.5 hoursAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Leucine concentration change
−11%
glucagon 7 ng/kg/min vs study 0; +/- 3
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon decreased the leucine concentration (-11% +/- 3% in study 2 v study 0, P < .02) and caused a small increment in proteolysis (+6% in study 2 v study 0, P < .01) that was related to the decrement in glutamine concentrations.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Seven healthy subjects each underwent three pancreatic clamp studies (octreotide 30 ng/kg/min, insulin 0.15 mU/kg/min, and glucagon 1.4 ng/kg/min) lasting 7 hours.
Summary · context
During the last 3.5 hours of the studies, glucagon infusion was either unchanged (study 0) or increased to 4 and 7 ng/kg/min (studies 1 and 2).
Report a problemFND-0962737210
11HumanNon-randomized trialMechanism
In healthy subjects, glucagon at 7 ng/kg/min increased proteolysis by 6% versus unchanged infusion (P < .01), related to the glutamine concentration decrement.
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, 7 ng/kg/min glucagon increased protein breakdown compared with unchanged infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
IncreaseProteolysis
Study
n = 7
Comparator
Unchanged glucagon infusion at 1.4 ng/kg/min
Outcome group
Protein and amino acid metabolism · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
7 ng/kg/min · infusion · 3.5 hoursAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Proteolysis change
6%
glucagon 7 ng/kg/min vs study 0
Source sentences
Summary
Glucagon decreased the leucine concentration (-11% +/- 3% in study 2 v study 0, P < .02) and caused a small increment in proteolysis (+6% in study 2 v study 0, P < .01) that was related to the decrement in glutamine concentrations.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Seven healthy subjects each underwent three pancreatic clamp studies (octreotide 30 ng/kg/min, insulin 0.15 mU/kg/min, and glucagon 1.4 ng/kg/min) lasting 7 hours.
Summary · context
During the last 3.5 hours of the studies, glucagon infusion was either unchanged (study 0) or increased to 4 and 7 ng/kg/min (studies 1 and 2).
Report a problemFND-0962737211
12HumanNon-randomized trialMechanism
In healthy subjects, increased glucagon infusion did not significantly affect phenylalanine kinetics.
In plain wordsIn healthy subjects, higher glucagon infusion rates did not significantly change phenylalanine kinetics compared with unchanged infusion.
Peptide
Glucagon
Outcome
No significant changePhenylalanine kinetics
Study
n = 7
Comparator
Unchanged glucagon infusion at 1.4 ng/kg/min
Outcome group
Protein and amino acid metabolism · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
4 and 7 ng/kg/min · infusion · 3.5 hoursAs given in this study (human).
Source sentences
Summary
Phenylalanine kinetics were not significantly affected.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Seven healthy subjects each underwent three pancreatic clamp studies (octreotide 30 ng/kg/min, insulin 0.15 mU/kg/min, and glucagon 1.4 ng/kg/min) lasting 7 hours.
Summary · context
During the last 3.5 hours of the studies, glucagon infusion was either unchanged (study 0) or increased to 4 and 7 ng/kg/min (studies 1 and 2).
Report a problemFND-0962737212

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PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
28 Oct 2026, 02:03 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
27 Oct 2026, 16:35 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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