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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 1997

13 results

Biodistribution of synthetic thymosin beta 4 in the serum, urine, and major organs of mice.

Mora CA, Baumann CA, Paino JE, Goldstein AL, Badamchian M

International journal of immunopharmacology1 Jan 1997Cited by 42 (Europe PMC)

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study13

13 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice given 400 micrograms of intraperitoneal synthetic thymosin beta‑4, serum thymosin beta‑4 rose significantly from 2 min and stayed raised for 40 min.

    In plain wordsIn mice, blood levels of thymosin beta‑4 rose within 2 minutes of injection and stayed raised for 40 minutes.

    Outcome
    IncreaseSerum thymosin beta 4 concentration after injection
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Comparator
    Baseline concentration
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    serum thymosin beta 4 concentration
    2.34 micrograms/ml
    average, 2 to 40 min

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Using a modified enzymatic immunoassay, our data show a significant increase of T beta 4 in serum starting 2 min after injection and lasting for 40 min (average: 2.34 +/- 0.54 micrograms/ml).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, urine thymosin beta‑4 concentrations were high at 20 min, 40 min and 2 h after injection.

    In plain wordsIn mice, thymosin beta‑4 levels in urine were high at 20 minutes, 40 minutes and 2 hours after injection.

    Outcome
    Not applicableUrine thymosin beta 4 concentration after injection
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    urine thymosin beta 4 concentration
    59.3 micrograms/ml
    20 min, 40 min, 2 h

    Source sentences

    Summary
    High concentrations were found in urine (59.3 +/- 7.54 micrograms/ml) at three different points after injection (20 min, 40 min, and 2 h).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, 83% of the injected thymosin beta‑4 was recovered at the end of the study: 44.6% in urine, 1.4% in serum and 37.5% in organs.

    In plain wordsIn mice, 83% of the injected thymosin beta‑4 was recovered, mostly in urine and organs, and little in blood.

    Outcome
    Not applicableRecovery of administered thymosin beta 4
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    total recovery
    83%
    of 400 micrograms
    urine recovery
    44.6%
    of dose
    serum recovery
    1.4%
    of dose
    organ recovery
    37.5%
    of dose

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Of the 400 micrograms T beta 4 administered to mice 83% was recovered at the end of the study, 44.6% of which corresponded to urine, 1.4% to serum, and 37.5% to the organs.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, brain thymosin beta‑4 wet weight concentration rose significantly from the first 40 min to 2 h after injection versus baseline.

    In plain wordsIn mice, thymosin beta‑4 levels in the brain rose after injection compared with baseline.

    Outcome
    IncreaseBrain thymosin beta 4 concentration
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Comparator
    Baseline concentration
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    wet weight concentration
    72 micrograms/g
    brain

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In 50% of the tested organs, the wet weight concentrations of T beta 4 increased significantly from the first 40 min to 2 h after injection in comparison to their baseline wet weight concentrations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    the brain (72 micrograms/g)
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, heart thymosin beta‑4 wet weight concentration rose significantly from the first 40 min to 2 h after injection versus baseline.

    In plain wordsIn mice, thymosin beta‑4 levels in the heart rose after injection compared with baseline.

    Outcome
    IncreaseHeart thymosin beta 4 concentration
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Comparator
    Baseline concentration
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    wet weight concentration
    80 micrograms/g
    heart

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In 50% of the tested organs, the wet weight concentrations of T beta 4 increased significantly from the first 40 min to 2 h after injection in comparison to their baseline wet weight concentrations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    heart (80 micrograms/g)
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, liver thymosin beta‑4 wet weight concentration rose significantly from the first 40 min to 2 h after injection versus baseline.

    In plain wordsIn mice, thymosin beta‑4 levels in the liver rose after injection compared with baseline.

    Outcome
    IncreaseLiver thymosin beta 4 concentration
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Comparator
    Baseline concentration
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    wet weight concentration
    15 micrograms/g
    liver after injection
    wet weight concentration
    9 micrograms/g
    liver baseline

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In 50% of the tested organs, the wet weight concentrations of T beta 4 increased significantly from the first 40 min to 2 h after injection in comparison to their baseline wet weight concentrations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    liver (15 micrograms/g vs 9 micrograms/g)
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, kidney thymosin beta‑4 wet weight concentration rose significantly from the first 40 min to 2 h after injection versus baseline.

    In plain wordsIn mice, thymosin beta‑4 levels in the kidneys rose after injection compared with baseline.

    Outcome
    IncreaseKidney thymosin beta 4 concentration
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Comparator
    Baseline concentration
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    wet weight concentration
    65 micrograms/g
    kidneys after injection
    wet weight concentration
    28 micrograms/g
    kidneys baseline

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In 50% of the tested organs, the wet weight concentrations of T beta 4 increased significantly from the first 40 min to 2 h after injection in comparison to their baseline wet weight concentrations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    kidneys (65 micrograms/g vs 28 micrograms/g)
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, peritoneal fat thymosin beta‑4 wet weight concentration rose significantly from the first 40 min to 2 h after injection versus baseline.

    In plain wordsIn mice, thymosin beta‑4 levels in peritoneal fat rose after injection compared with baseline.

    Outcome
    IncreasePeritoneal fat thymosin beta 4 concentration
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Comparator
    Baseline concentration
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    wet weight concentration
    47 micrograms/g
    peritoneal fat after injection
    wet weight concentration
    13 micrograms/g
    peritoneal fat baseline

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In 50% of the tested organs, the wet weight concentrations of T beta 4 increased significantly from the first 40 min to 2 h after injection in comparison to their baseline wet weight concentrations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    peritoneal fat (47 micrograms/g vs 13 micrograms/g)
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.
  9. 09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, thymus thymosin beta‑4 wet weight concentration rose 6 h after injection versus baseline.

    In plain wordsIn mice, thymosin beta‑4 levels in the thymus rose six hours after injection compared with baseline.

    Outcome
    IncreaseThymus thymosin beta 4 concentration at 6 h
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Comparator
    Baseline concentration
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    wet weight concentration
    196 micrograms/g
    thymus after injection
    wet weight concentration
    147 micrograms/g
    thymus baseline

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Wet weight concentrations increased in the thymus (196 micrograms/g vs 147 micrograms/g)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.
  10. 10AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, muscle thymosin beta‑4 wet weight concentration rose 6 h after injection versus baseline.

    In plain wordsIn mice, thymosin beta‑4 levels in muscle rose six hours after injection compared with baseline.

    Outcome
    IncreaseMuscle thymosin beta 4 concentration at 6 h
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Comparator
    Baseline concentration
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    wet weight concentration
    45 micrograms/g
    muscle after injection
    wet weight concentration
    0 micrograms/g
    muscle baseline

    Source sentences

    Summary
    muscle (45 micrograms/g vs 0 micrograms/g) after 6 h of injection
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.
  11. 11AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, spleen thymosin beta‑4 wet weight concentration rose at the 2 min timepoint versus baseline.

    In plain wordsIn mice, thymosin beta‑4 levels in the spleen rose two minutes after injection compared with baseline.

    Outcome
    IncreaseSpleen thymosin beta 4 concentration at 2 min
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Comparator
    Baseline concentration
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    wet weight concentration
    267 micrograms/g
    spleen at 2 min
    wet weight concentration
    161 micrograms/g
    spleen baseline

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The spleen showed an increase in wet weight concentrations at the 2 min timepoint (267 micrograms/g vs 161 micrograms/g).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.
  12. 12AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, ovary thymosin beta‑4 concentration rose in two phases, at 40 min and at 24 h, versus baseline.

    In plain wordsIn mice, thymosin beta‑4 levels in the ovaries rose in two phases after injection compared with baseline.

    Outcome
    IncreaseOvary thymosin beta 4 concentration
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Comparator
    Baseline concentration
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    wet weight concentration
    72 micrograms/g
    ovaries at 40 min
    wet weight concentration
    92 micrograms/g
    ovaries at 24 h
    wet weight concentration
    62 micrograms/g
    ovaries baseline

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Ovaries had a biphasic increase at 40 min (72 micrograms/g vs 62 micrograms/g) and 24 h (92 micrograms/g vs 62 micrograms/g) after T beta 4 administration.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.
  13. 13AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics

    In mice, the highest lung thymosin beta‑4 wet weight concentration after injection was not higher than the baseline concentration.

    In plain wordsIn mice, thymosin beta‑4 levels in the lungs did not rise above baseline after injection.

    Outcome
    No significant changeLung thymosin beta 4 concentration
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Female Swiss-Webster mice
    Comparator
    Baseline concentration
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    400 micrograms · intraperitonealAs given in this study (mouse).

    Measurements

    wet weight concentration
    149 micrograms/g
    lungs at 6 h
    wet weight concentration
    153 micrograms/g
    lungs baseline

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In lungs, the highest wet weight increase after injection (149 micrograms/g at timepoint 6 h) was not higher than its basal wet weight concentration (153 micrograms/g).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In the present study, we have measured T beta 4 concentrations in serum, urine, and 10 major organs of female Swiss-Webster mice following intraperitoneal administration of 400 micrograms synthetic T beta 4.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

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