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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 1993

3 results

Low periconceptional maternal serum thymosin alpha 1 levels are associated with blighted pregnancies.

Kaufmann RA, Welch RA, Mutchnick MG

American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)1 Apr 1993

PMID8373526 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1111/j.1600-0897.1993.tb00583.x (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-08373526
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study3

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured3

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    Maternal serum thymosin alpha‑1 was significantly lower in women whose pregnancies spontaneously aborted than in women with viable pregnancies.

    In plain wordsThe body's own thymosin alpha‑1 level in blood was lower in women whose pregnancy ended in miscarriage.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    DecreaseMaternal serum thymosin alpha 1 in viable versus aborted pregnancies
    Study

    n = 28

    Comparator
    Pregnancies that remained viable
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Thymosin alpha 1 levels from pregnancies that remained viable were significantly higher than those from pregnancies that spontaneously aborted.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Serial maternal serum thymosin alpha 1 and beta 4 levels were assayed preconceptual and then twice in the first trimester by ELISA in 28 women with known ovulation dates who successfully conceived as demonstrated by positive serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
    Summary · context
    Thymosin alpha 1 and beta 4 serum levels for viable pregnancies (group I; N = 19) were compared to pregnancies that aborted (group II; N = 9) using repeated measures of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin alpha-1. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    Preovulation serum thymosin alpha‑1 only tended to be lower in pregnancies that subsequently aborted.

    In plain wordsThe body's own thymosin alpha‑1 level before ovulation only tended to be lower in women who later miscarried.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant changePreovulation serum thymosin alpha 1 in pregnancies that later aborted
    Study

    n = 28

    Comparator
    Pregnancies that remained viable
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Preovulation thymosin alpha 1 levels also tended to be lower in pregnancies that subsequently aborted.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Serial maternal serum thymosin alpha 1 and beta 4 levels were assayed preconceptual and then twice in the first trimester by ELISA in 28 women with known ovulation dates who successfully conceived as demonstrated by positive serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
    Summary · context
    Thymosin alpha 1 and beta 4 serum levels for viable pregnancies (group I; N = 19) were compared to pregnancies that aborted (group II; N = 9) using repeated measures of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin alpha-1. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    In women who conceived, maternal serum thymosin beta‑4 levels were similar in viable and aborted pregnancies.

    In plain wordsIn women who conceived, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 levels were similar in pregnancies that continued and those that ended in miscarriage.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    No significant changeMaternal serum thymosin beta 4 in viable versus aborted pregnancies
    Study

    n = 28

    Comparator
    Pregnancies that remained viable versus pregnancies that aborted
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Thymosin beta 4 levels were similar between the two groups.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Serial maternal serum thymosin alpha 1 and beta 4 levels were assayed preconceptual and then twice in the first trimester by ELISA in 28 women with known ovulation dates who successfully conceived as demonstrated by positive serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
    Summary · context
    Thymosin alpha 1 and beta 4 serum levels for viable pregnancies (group I; N = 19) were compared to pregnancies that aborted (group II; N = 9) using repeated measures of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Registered trials1

Trials this study reports on, or that list this study as a reference. Registry data from ClinicalTrials.gov.

1 trial · 1 ongoing · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)

RecruitingPhase 2/3NCT07675980

Thymosin-α1 for Recurrent Implantation Failure

Fakih IVF Fertility Centern = 13611 Feb 2026 to est. Jun 2027

Recurrent Implantation Faliure

Trial pageClinicalTrials.govUpdated 30 Jun 2026

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 4Current

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  2. Version 3

    10 Oct 2026, 08:55 UTC

    Study results updated

  3. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  4. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:02 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

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