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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 1993

6 results

Alterations in actin-binding beta-thymosin expression accompany neuronal differentiation and migration in rat cerebellum.

Border BG, Lin SC, Griffin WS, Pardue S, Morrison-Bogorad M

Journal of neurochemistry1 Dec 1993Cited by 32 (Europe PMC)

PMID8245965 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb07448.x (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-08245965
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured6

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In developing rat cerebellum, thymosin beta‑4 and beta 10 mRNAs were expressed at highest levels in postmitotic, premigratory granule cells of the external granular layer early in postnatal development.

    In plain wordsIn rats, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 mRNA was highest in young, not yet migrating granule cells of the cerebellum.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableBeta-thymosin mRNA in granule cells early postnatally
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Developing cerebellum
    Outcome group
    Gene expression · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Early in postnatal development, both beta-thymosin mRNAs were expressed at highest levels in the postmitotic, premigratory granule cells of the external granular layer
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using specific mRNA and protein probes, we have used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques to investigate the distribution of the beta-thymosin mRNAs and their proteins in developing rat cerebellum.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In developing rat cerebellum, expression of thymosin beta‑4 and beta 10 mRNAs diminished as granule cells migrated to and differentiated within the internal granular layer.

    In plain wordsIn rats, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 mRNA fell as granule cells moved and matured in the cerebellum.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    DecreaseBeta-thymosin mRNA during granule cell migration
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Developing cerebellum
    Outcome group
    Gene expression · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    expression diminished as granule cells migrated to and differentiated within the developing internal granular layer.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using specific mRNA and protein probes, we have used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques to investigate the distribution of the beta-thymosin mRNAs and their proteins in developing rat cerebellum.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In developing rat cerebellum, thymosin beta‑4 and beta 10 proteins were present in bundles of cerebellar afferent fibers in the white matter.

    In plain wordsIn rats, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 protein was present in nerve fiber bundles of the cerebellar white matter.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableBeta-thymosin protein in afferent fibers
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Developing cerebellum
    Outcome group
    Gene expression · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, both beta-thymosin proteins were present in bundles of cerebellar afferent fibers in the white matter at this time.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using specific mRNA and protein probes, we have used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques to investigate the distribution of the beta-thymosin mRNAs and their proteins in developing rat cerebellum.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  4. 04AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In developing rat cerebellum, thymosin beta‑4 and beta 10 proteins were present in elongating parallel fibers in the upper molecular layer throughout maturation.

    In plain wordsIn rats, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 protein was present in growing parallel fibers of the cerebellum during maturation.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableBeta-thymosin protein in parallel fibers
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Developing cerebellum
    Outcome group
    Gene expression · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Throughout the maturation period, both proteins were present in elongating parallel fibers in the upper portion of the molecular layer.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using specific mRNA and protein probes, we have used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques to investigate the distribution of the beta-thymosin mRNAs and their proteins in developing rat cerebellum.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  5. 05AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    Later in rat cerebellar development, thymosin beta‑4, but not thymosin beta 10, was expressed in Golgi epithelial cells and Bergmann processes.

    In plain wordsIn rats, the body's own thymosin beta‑4, but not beta 10, was found in two types of cerebellar support cells later in development.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTb4 expression in Golgi epithelial cells and Bergmann processes
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Developing cerebellum
    Outcome group
    Gene expression · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Later in cerebellar development, thymosin beta 4, but not thymosin beta 10, was expressed in Golgi epithelial cells and Bergmann processes.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using specific mRNA and protein probes, we have used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques to investigate the distribution of the beta-thymosin mRNAs and their proteins in developing rat cerebellum.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  6. 06AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In rat cerebellum, thymosin beta‑4 was expressed in a small population of cells with microglial morphology in gray and white matter.

    In plain wordsIn rats, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 was found in a small group of microglia-like cells in the cerebellum.

    Peptide
    Thymosin beta-4 (human)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTb4 expression in microglia-like cells
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Developing cerebellum
    Outcome group
    Gene expression · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Thymosin beta 4 was expressed in a small population of cells with microglial morphology scattered throughout the gray and white matter.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using specific mRNA and protein probes, we have used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques to investigate the distribution of the beta-thymosin mRNAs and their proteins in developing rat cerebellum.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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