Production and characterization of antibodies to thymosin beta 4.

Goodall GJ, Hempstead JL, Morgan JI

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)1 Aug 1983Cited by 33 (Europe PMC)

PMID6863931DOI10.4049/jimmunol.131.2.821PepBankPUB-06863931

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured3

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
Radioimmunoassay values for thymosin beta‑4 in rat tissues ranged between 8 and 448 micrograms/g wet weight.
In plain wordsIn rat tissues, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 level ranged widely, from 8 to 448 micrograms per gram of wet tissue.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableThymosin beta 4 concentration in rat tissues
Study
ratn: not reported in source
rat tissues
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Whole body
Measurements
tissue concentration
8 to 448 micrograms/g wet weight
rat tissues
Source sentences
Summary
RIA values for thymosin beta 4 in rat tissues reveal levels ranging between 8 and 448 micrograms/g wet weight.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0686393102
02AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
Thymosin beta‑4 levels were highest in rat spleen and relatively high in thymus, lung and nasal epithelium.
In plain wordsIn rats, the body's own thymosin beta‑4 was highest in spleen and also common in thymus, lung and nose lining.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableThymosin beta 4 in spleen, thymus, lung and nasal epithelium
Study
ratn: not reported in source
rat tissues
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
Highest levels are observed in spleen, although the peptide is also relatively abundant in thymus, lung, and nasal epithelium.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0686393103
03AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
Rat brain, kidney, liver and testis contained only 10 to 20% of the spleen concentration of thymosin beta‑4, and heart and muscle only 5 to 10%.
In plain wordsIn rats, other tissues held 5 to 20% of spleen's level of the body's own thymosin beta‑4.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableThymosin beta 4 in brain, kidney, liver, testis, heart and muscle relative to spleen
Study
ratn: not reported in source
rat tissues
Comparator
spleen
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Whole body
Measurements
concentration relative to spleen
10 to 20%
brain, kidney, liver and testis
concentration relative to spleen
5 to 10%
heart and muscle
Source sentences
Summary
Brain, kidney, liver and testis contain only 10 to 20% the concentration of thymosin beta 4 seen in spleen, whereas heart and muscle contain only 5 to 10% that of spleen.
This result measures the body's own Thymosin beta-4 (human). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0686393104

Studies that did not test the peptide alone4

In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).

04AnimalNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Other
Thymosin beta‑4 antibodies were raised in rabbits and a radioimmunoassay for thymosin beta‑4 was established with tritiated thymosin beta‑4.
In plain wordsIn rabbits, researchers raised antibodies to thymosin beta‑4 and built a test that measures it.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableProduction of thymosin beta 4 antibodies and radioimmunoassay
Study
rabbitn: not reported in source
rabbits immunized with peptide conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin
Outcome group
Peptide structure and chemistry · Pharmacology
Source sentences
Summary
Thymosin beta 4 antibodies have been raised in rabbits by conjugating the peptide to keyhole limpet hemocyanin, and a radioimmunoassay for thymosin beta 4 has been established utilizing tritiated thymosin beta 4 as binding ligand.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-0686393101
05LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cells)Other
The thymosin beta‑4 antiserum precipitated biosynthetically labeled thymosin beta‑4 from cultured rat peritoneal macrophages.
In plain wordsIn cells, the thymosin beta‑4 antiserum pulled out labeled thymosin beta‑4 made by cultured rat macrophages.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableAntiserum precipitation of labeled thymosin beta 4 from macrophages
Study
ratn: not reported in source
cultured rat peritoneal macrophages
Outcome group
Peptide structure and chemistry · Pharmacology
Source sentences
Summary
The antiserum will precipitate biosynthetically labeled beta 4 from cultured rat peritoneal macrophage.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-0686393107
06LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Other
The thymosin beta‑4 molecule seemingly bears two major epitopes, between amino acid residues 1-8 and 22-32.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, thymosin beta‑4 seemed to carry two main antibody-binding regions, at residues 1-8 and 22-32.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
Not applicableEpitopes of thymosin beta 4
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Peptide structure and chemistry · Pharmacology
Source sentences
Summary
The thymosin beta 4 molecule seemingly bears two major epitopes that lie between amino acid residues 1-8 and 22-32.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-0686393105
07LabNot a test of Thymosin beta-4 (human) aloneIn vitro (cell-free)Other
The thymosin beta‑4 antiserum did not cross-react with other unrelated peptides.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, the thymosin beta‑4 antiserum did not react with other unrelated peptides.
Peptide
Thymosin beta-4 (human)
Outcome
No significant changeAntiserum cross-reactivity
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Peptide structure and chemistry · Pharmacology
Source sentences
Summary
The antiserum does not cross-react with other unrelated peptides.
In this study, Thymosin beta-4 (human) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin beta-4 (human).
Report a problemFND-0686393106

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 01:52 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
12 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

Journal Article

MeSH terms

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