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Study · Non-randomized trial · 1990

3 results

A new non-invasive method for treating insulin-reaction: intranasal lyophylized glucagon.

Slama G, Alamowitch C, Desplanque N, Letanoux M, Zirinis P

Diabetologia1 Nov 1990Cited by 18 (Europe PMC)

PMID2076798 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1007/bf00400568 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-02076798
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study3

3 results from studies that gave the peptide. 3 results from people.

  1. 01HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    Across healthy subjects and diabetic patients, intranasal glucagon was as effective as subcutaneous glucagon for blood glucose rise.

    In plain wordsIn the studied healthy subjects and diabetic patients, nasal and injected glucagon produced similar blood glucose increases.

    Peptide
    Glucagon
    Outcome
    No significant changeBlood glucose rise
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    1 mg subcutaneous glucagon
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    1 mg · intranasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Our results show that 1 mg of intranasal glucagon is as effective as 1 mg of subcutaneous glucagon in terms of the rise in blood glucose.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Kinetics and efficacy have been controlled by (1) comparing subcutaneous and intranasal glucagon in 12 healthy non-hypoglycaemic subjects;
    Summary · context
    (2) testing intranasal glucagon in six Type 1 diabetic patients in whom hypoglycaemia was induced by an i.v. bolus of insulin
    Summary · context
    and (3) comparing subcutaneous and intranasal glucagon in six Type 1 diabetic patients in whom hypoglycaemia was induced by adding extra subcutaneous regular insulin to their usual morning dosage.
  2. 02HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In the studied subjects, intranasal glucagon may initiate the blood glucose rise earlier than subcutaneous glucagon.

    In plain wordsIn the studied subjects, nasal glucagon may start raising blood glucose earlier than injected glucagon.

    Peptide
    Glucagon
    Outcome
    DecreaseOnset of blood glucose rise
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    1 mg subcutaneous glucagon
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    1 mg · intranasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Differences in kinetics between the subcutaneous and the intranasal routes may be observed: intranasal glucagon initiates the blood glucose rise earlier than does the subcutaneous form but the effect of the latter is more sustained.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Kinetics and efficacy have been controlled by (1) comparing subcutaneous and intranasal glucagon in 12 healthy non-hypoglycaemic subjects;
    Summary · context
    (2) testing intranasal glucagon in six Type 1 diabetic patients in whom hypoglycaemia was induced by an i.v. bolus of insulin
    Summary · context
    and (3) comparing subcutaneous and intranasal glucagon in six Type 1 diabetic patients in whom hypoglycaemia was induced by adding extra subcutaneous regular insulin to their usual morning dosage.
  3. 03HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In the studied subjects, intranasal glucagon may have a less sustained blood glucose effect than subcutaneous glucagon.

    In plain wordsIn the studied subjects, nasal glucagon may raise blood glucose for less time than injected glucagon.

    Peptide
    Glucagon
    Outcome
    DecreaseDuration of blood glucose rise
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    1 mg subcutaneous glucagon
    Outcome group
    Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    1 mg · intranasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Differences in kinetics between the subcutaneous and the intranasal routes may be observed: intranasal glucagon initiates the blood glucose rise earlier than does the subcutaneous form but the effect of the latter is more sustained.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Kinetics and efficacy have been controlled by (1) comparing subcutaneous and intranasal glucagon in 12 healthy non-hypoglycaemic subjects;
    Summary · context
    (2) testing intranasal glucagon in six Type 1 diabetic patients in whom hypoglycaemia was induced by an i.v. bolus of insulin
    Summary · context
    and (3) comparing subcutaneous and intranasal glucagon in six Type 1 diabetic patients in whom hypoglycaemia was induced by adding extra subcutaneous regular insulin to their usual morning dosage.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    28 Oct 2026, 02:03 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    27 Oct 2026, 16:35 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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