In PepBank now:147 peptides, 6 blends and 13 other compounds97,577 study results from 17,383 studies8,473 clinical trialsUpdated
Comparing 2 peptides · Data version 308560
Swipe sideways to see every peptide.
| Peptide | Natural peptide Oxytocin | Synthetic analog Melanotan I (afamelanotide) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Identity | |||
| Kind | Natural peptide | Synthetic analog | |
| Area | Sexual health and hormones | Sexual health and hormones | |
| Evidence | |||
| Amount of evidence | 3,492 (plus 1,148 on natural levels, listed separately) | 667 | |
| Evidence level | Has results from studies in people | Has results from studies in people | |
| Safety | |||
| Safety results | 157 (152 in people) | 36 (29 in people) | |
| Status | |||
| Approval | |||
| Sport (WADA) | |||
| Registered trials | 690 · 65 active238 more mention it but do not test it | 23 · 1 active | |
Shared outcomes
From the regulatory data of each peptide.
The FDA label for Pitocin says: “Antepartum: medically indicated induction of labor, stimulation or reinforcement of labor, adjunctive therapy in incomplete or inevitable abortion” No central EU authorisation (EMA).
Outcome groups with study results for at least two of these peptides. Counts include only results from studies that gave the peptide. Bar length is the number of results, on one scale. The bars show how much was studied, not how large an effect was. A peptide with more studies can look stronger here without being stronger. For results, see the randomized results above.
| Outcome group | Oxytocin | Melanotan I (afamelanotide) |
|---|---|---|
| Cognition and memoryNervous system and cognition | 41440311 | 33 |
| Anxiety and moodReproductive and sexual health |
PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.
The EMA label for Scenesse says: “Prevention of phototoxicity in adult patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)”
34132417
99 |
| Receptor activity and mechanismRespiratory | 28960801472 | 231521781 |
|---|
| Adverse eventsWhole body | 1261233 | 29245 |
|---|
| PainReproductive and sexual health | 1098524 | 752 |
|---|
| PharmacokineticsReproductive and sexual health | 9168203 | 10631 |
|---|
| Appetite and food intakeWhole body | 946727 | 2525 |
|---|
| Addiction, withdrawal and alcohol intakeNervous system and cognition | 67643 | 22 |
|---|
| Stress hormonesWhole body | 7560123 | 22 |
|---|
| Sex hormones and fertilityReproductive and sexual health | 150328632 | 725 |
|---|
| Heart functionNervous system and cognition | 76353110 | 66 |
|---|
| Inflammation markersReproductive and sexual health | 3210166 | 534310 |
|---|
Each analog against its native parent, residue by residue. Substitutions, non-standard residues and modifications are marked. Calculated from the two sequences.
Melanotan I (afamelanotide) differs from Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) at 2 positions and carries 2 added groups.
What is different
For each outcome that two or more peptides have results for: the best result of a single randomized trial, on the same measure (the same kind of number, the same unit). When a trial has several dose arms, the cell shows the highest dose arm. The trials differ in people, length and dose, so a gap between two cells is not proof that one peptide works better.
No outcome has a randomized-trial result on the same measure for two or more of these peptides yet.
The other peptides have no randomized result on the same measure, so these results cannot be set side by side.
| Outcome | Oxytocin | Melanotan I (afamelanotide) |
|---|---|---|
| PharmacokineticsPharmacologyCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in effect size | −1.12 effect size Effect size Dose studied: 48 IU/day6 weeksn = 1032020 | No comparable result 6 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. |
| Appetite and food intakeMetabolic and weightCompared as: difference from placebo, in kcal | −152 kcal Difference in caloric intake Dose studied: 24 IU four times daily8 weeksn = 612024 | No randomized trial result 25 results from other study designs. |
| Body weightMetabolic and weightCompared as: difference from placebo, in g | 196 g Difference in total fat Dose studied: 24 IU four times daily8 weeksn = 612024 | No randomized trial result 3 results from other study designs. |
| Liver fat and liver functionLiverCompared as: difference from placebo, in proportion | −0.01 proportion Difference in liver fat fraction Dose studied: 24 IU four times daily8 weeksn = 612024 | No randomized trial result 5 results from other study designs. |
| Sex hormones and fertilityEndocrine and hormonesCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | 14.4% Mean percent change testosterone Dose studied: 24 IUn = 452020 | No randomized trial result 7 results from other study designs. |
| Addiction, withdrawal and alcohol intakeMental health and moodCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in mg | 56.8 mg Mean total oxazepam dose Placebo: 79 mg Dose studied: 24 IU twice dailythree daysn = 402019 | No randomized trial result |
| Anxiety and moodReproductive and sexual healthCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | −20% Score reduction · Shown as a change. The study reports a score reduction of this size. Placebo: −4% Dose studied: 20 IU twice daily in week 1, then 40 IU twice daily8 weeksn = 402013 | |
| Cognition and memoryNervous system and cognitionCompared as: difference from placebo, in sd | 1.39 SD effect size n = 262017 | No randomized trial result 3 results from other study designs. |
| Glycemic controlMetabolic and weightCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in mmol/l × min | 2240 mmol/L × min Glucose AUC Placebo: 2190 mmol/L × min Dose studied: 24 IUn = 252024 | No randomized trial result 1 result from other study designs. |
| Exercise and physical functionNervous system and cognitionCompared as: difference from placebo, in kg | 2.25 kg Whole body lean mass difference Dose studied: 24 IU 4 times per day8 weeksn = 212021 | No randomized trial result 6 results from other study designs. |
| LipidsCardiovascularCompared as: difference from placebo, in mg/dl | −19.3 mg/dL LDL cholesterol change Dose studied: 24 IU 4 times per day8 weeksn = 212021 | No randomized trial result 1 result from other study designs. |
| Receptor activity and mechanismPharmacologyCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in proteins | 198 proteins Differentially expressed proteins Dose studied: 24 IUsingle dosen = 192026 | No randomized trial result 231 results from other study designs. |
−1.12 effect size
Effect size
Dose studied: 48 IU/day6 weeksn = 1032020
No comparable result
6 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
2 results from other study designs.
No randomized trial result 9 results from other study designs. |
−152 kcal
Difference in caloric intake
Dose studied: 24 IU four times daily8 weeksn = 612024
No randomized trial result
25 results from other study designs.
196 g
Difference in total fat
Dose studied: 24 IU four times daily8 weeksn = 612024
No randomized trial result
3 results from other study designs.
−0.01 proportion
Difference in liver fat fraction
Dose studied: 24 IU four times daily8 weeksn = 612024
No randomized trial result
5 results from other study designs.
14.4%
Mean percent change testosterone
Dose studied: 24 IUn = 452020
No randomized trial result
7 results from other study designs.
56.8 mg
Mean total oxazepam dose
Placebo: 79 mg
Dose studied: 24 IU twice dailythree daysn = 402019
No randomized trial result
2 results from other study designs.
−20%
Score reduction · Shown as a change. The study reports a score reduction of this size.
Placebo: −4%
Dose studied: 20 IU twice daily in week 1, then 40 IU twice daily8 weeksn = 402013
No randomized trial result
9 results from other study designs.
1.39 SD
effect size
n = 262017
No randomized trial result
3 results from other study designs.
2240 mmol/L × min
Glucose AUC
Placebo: 2190 mmol/L × min
Dose studied: 24 IUn = 252024
No randomized trial result
1 result from other study designs.
2.25 kg
Whole body lean mass difference
Dose studied: 24 IU 4 times per day8 weeksn = 212021
No randomized trial result
6 results from other study designs.
−19.3 mg/dL
LDL cholesterol change
Dose studied: 24 IU 4 times per day8 weeksn = 212021
No randomized trial result
1 result from other study designs.
198 proteins
Differentially expressed proteins
Dose studied: 24 IUsingle dosen = 192026
No randomized trial result
231 results from other study designs.
Registered trials, ranked by phase (late phases first), then posted results and enrollment. Status is the registry status. Study results come from published studies. Results posted at ClinicalTrials.gov are shown on each trial page.
Top 3 of 690 trials, ranked by phase, then posted results and enrollment: 3 completed · 3 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)
University of Alabama at Birmingham1,798 participantsNov 2008 to Jun 2010
Uterine Atony · Postpartum Hemorrhage
Northwestern University1,003 participants28 Sept 2015 to 28 Sept 2020
Dystocia
University of Zimbabwe506 participants8 Apr 2018 to 30 Jun 2019
Post Partum Hemorrhage
238 more mention it but do not test it. They only measure it or name it in their text.
Top 3 of 23 trials, ranked by phase, then posted results and enrollment: 3 completed · 3 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)
Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals Limited100 participantsMay 2007 to 9 Dec 2009
Erythropoietic Protoporphyria
Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals Limited93 participantsMay 2012 to Jul 2013
Erythropoietic Protoporphyria
Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals Limited74 participantsSept 2009 to May 2011
Erythropoietic Protoporphyria