In PepBank now:147 peptides, 6 blends and 13 other compounds97,577 study results from 17,383 studies8,473 clinical trialsUpdated
Comparing 2 peptides · Data version 308560
Swipe sideways to see every peptide.
| Peptide | Natural peptide Kisspeptin-54 (metastin) | Natural peptide Oxytocin | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Identity | |||
| Kind | Natural peptide | Natural peptide | |
| Area | Sexual health and hormones | Sexual health and hormones | |
| Evidence | |||
| Amount of evidence | 281 (plus 72 on natural levels, listed separately) | 3,492 (plus 1,148 on natural levels, listed separately) | |
| Evidence level | Has results from studies in people | Has results from studies in people | |
| Safety | |||
| Safety results | 19 (9 in people) | 157 (152 in people) | |
| Status | |||
| Approval | |||
| Sport (WADA) | |||
| Registered trials | 1 | 690 · 65 active238 more mention it but do not test it | |
Shared outcomes
From the regulatory data of each peptide.
Its most advanced trial is in phase 2. The FDA, the EMA and the other sources we use show no approval (as of 13 Oct 2026).
Outcome groups with study results for at least two of these peptides. Counts include only results from studies that gave the peptide. Bar length is the number of results, on one scale. The bars show how much was studied, not how large an effect was. A peptide with more studies can look stronger here without being stronger. For results, see the randomized results above.
| Outcome group | Kisspeptin-54 (metastin) | Oxytocin |
|---|---|---|
| Cognition and memoryNervous system and cognition | 22 | 41440311 |
| Anxiety and moodMental health and mood |
PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.
The FDA label for Pitocin says: “Antepartum: medically indicated induction of labor, stimulation or reinforcement of labor, adjunctive therapy in incomplete or inevitable abortion” No central EU authorisation (EMA).
422
34132417 |
| Sex hormones and fertilityReproductive and sexual health | 167113513 | 150328632 |
|---|
| Adverse eventsWhole body | 532 | 1261233 |
|---|
| Receptor activity and mechanismRespiratory | 1789 | 28960801472 |
|---|
| PharmacokineticsPharmacology | 33 | 9168203 |
|---|
| Sexual functionReproductive and sexual health | 88 | 7647245 |
|---|
| Heart functionCardiovascular | 22 | 76353110 |
|---|
| Blood pressureCardiovascular | 33 | 5219249 |
|---|
| Glycemic controlEndocrine and hormones | 211 | 312254 |
|---|
| Inflammation markersRespiratory | 19163 | 3210166 |
|---|
| Exercise and physical functionNervous system and cognition | 11 | 1717 |
|---|
For each outcome that two or more peptides have results for: the best result of a single randomized trial, on the same measure (the same kind of number, the same unit). When a trial has several dose arms, the cell shows the highest dose arm. The trials differ in people, length and dose, so a gap between two cells is not proof that one peptide works better.
No outcome has a randomized-trial result on the same measure for two or more of these peptides yet.
The other peptides have no randomized result on the same measure, so these results cannot be set side by side.
| Outcome | Kisspeptin-54 (metastin) | Oxytocin |
|---|---|---|
| PharmacokineticsPharmacologyCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in effect size | No comparable result 3 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | −1.12 effect size Effect size Dose studied: 48 IU/day6 weeksn = 1032020 |
| Sex hormones and fertilityEndocrine and hormonesCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | No comparable result 42 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | 14.4% Mean percent change testosterone Dose studied: 24 IUn = 452020 |
| Anxiety and moodReproductive and sexual healthCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | No comparable result 2 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | −20% Score reduction · Shown as a change. The study reports a score reduction of this size. Placebo: −4% Dose studied: 20 IU twice daily in week 1, then 40 IU twice daily8 weeksn = 402013 |
| Sexual functionReproductive and sexual healthCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in % | No comparable result 8 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | 26% FSFI score change Placebo: 31% Dose studied: 32 IU8 weeksn = 302015 |
| Cognition and memoryNervous system and cognitionCompared as: difference from placebo, in sd | No randomized trial result 2 results from other study designs. | 1.39 SD effect size n = 262017 |
| Glycemic controlMetabolic and weightCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in mmol/l × min | No randomized trial result 2 results from other study designs. | 2240 mmol/L × min Glucose AUC Placebo: 2190 mmol/L × min Dose studied: 24 IUn = 252024 |
| Exercise and physical functionNervous system and cognitionCompared as: difference from placebo, in kg | No randomized trial result 1 result from other study designs. | 2.25 kg Whole body lean mass difference Dose studied: 24 IU 4 times per day8 weeksn = 212021 |
| Receptor activity and mechanismPharmacologyCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in proteins | No randomized trial result 17 results from other study designs. | 198 proteins Differentially expressed proteins Dose studied: 24 IUsingle dosen = 192026 |
| Growth hormone and IGF-1Endocrine and hormonesCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in mu/l | No randomized trial result 4 results from other study designs. | 96 mU/l Peak plasma GH Saline: 106 mU/l n = 61988 |
| Pituitary hormonesEndocrine and hormonesCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in mu/l | No randomized trial result 4 results from other study designs. | 1332 mU/l Peak plasma prolactin Saline: 1242 mU/l n = 61988 |
| Blood pressureCardiovascularCompared as: value in the arm that got the peptide, in μg (phenylephrine equivalents) | No comparable result 2 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit. | 1303 μg (phenylephrine equivalents) Cumulative vasopressor requirement Placebo: 1156 μg (phenylephrine equivalents) Dose studied: 100 μgn = 902023 |
No comparable result
3 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
−1.12 effect size
Effect size
Dose studied: 48 IU/day6 weeksn = 1032020
Registered trials, ranked by phase (late phases first), then posted results and enrollment. Status is the registry status. Study results come from published studies. Results posted at ClinicalTrials.gov are shown on each trial page.
1 trial · 1 completed · 1 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)
Imperial College London175 participants1 Jun 2012 to 11 Oct 2016
Infertility
Top 3 of 690 trials, ranked by phase, then posted results and enrollment: 3 completed · 3 with posted results · source ClinicalTrials.gov (opens in a new tab)
University of Alabama at Birmingham1,798 participantsNov 2008 to Jun 2010
Uterine Atony · Postpartum Hemorrhage
Northwestern University1,003 participants28 Sept 2015 to 28 Sept 2020
Dystocia
University of Zimbabwe506 participants8 Apr 2018 to 30 Jun 2019
Post Partum Hemorrhage
No comparable result
42 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
14.4%
Mean percent change testosterone
Dose studied: 24 IUn = 452020
No comparable result
2 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
−20%
Score reduction · Shown as a change. The study reports a score reduction of this size.
Placebo: −4%
Dose studied: 20 IU twice daily in week 1, then 40 IU twice daily8 weeksn = 402013
No comparable result
8 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
26%
FSFI score change
Placebo: 31%
Dose studied: 32 IU8 weeksn = 302015
No randomized trial result
2 results from other study designs.
1.39 SD
effect size
n = 262017
No randomized trial result
2 results from other study designs.
2240 mmol/L × min
Glucose AUC
Placebo: 2190 mmol/L × min
Dose studied: 24 IUn = 252024
No randomized trial result
1 result from other study designs.
2.25 kg
Whole body lean mass difference
Dose studied: 24 IU 4 times per day8 weeksn = 212021
No randomized trial result
17 results from other study designs.
198 proteins
Differentially expressed proteins
Dose studied: 24 IUsingle dosen = 192026
No randomized trial result
4 results from other study designs.
96 mU/l
Peak plasma GH
Saline: 106 mU/l
n = 61988
No randomized trial result
4 results from other study designs.
1332 mU/l
Peak plasma prolactin
Saline: 1242 mU/l
n = 61988
No comparable result
2 randomized-trial results measure it in another way or another unit.
1303 μg (phenylephrine equivalents)
Cumulative vasopressor requirement
Placebo: 1156 μg (phenylephrine equivalents)
Dose studied: 100 μgn = 902023
238 more mention it but do not test it. They only measure it or name it in their text.