Effect of Age and Age-Defined Menopausal Status on Linaclotide Efficacy and Safety in Adults With Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Constipation or Chronic Idiopathic Constipation: Post Hoc Analyses of Phase 2b/3 Studies.

Chang L, Staller K, Houghton LA, Yerneni N, Higgins S, Chen W, Wu J, Ford AC, Feuerstadt P, Brenner DM

Neurogastroenterology and motility1 Sept 2026

PMID42702764PMCIDPMC13547636DOI10.1111/nmo.70429PepBankPUB-42702764

Summary

BackgroundThis post hoc study explored the effect of age and age-defined menopausal status on linaclotide efficacy and safety in adults with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) or chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC).MethodsData were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C). Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status. Efficacy endpoints included change from baseline and time to response in complete spontaneous bowel movement (CSBM) frequency and abdominal symptoms.ResultsLinaclotide increased weekly CSBM frequency from baseline versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 0.8; 290 μg: 2.3; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 290 μg: 2.6; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 0.7; 72 μg: 1.7; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 72 μg: 1.5; 145 μg: 2.3) and menopausal subgroups. Abdominal symptoms reduced from baseline versus placebo across all subgroups. Median time (weeks) to an increase from baseline in weekly CSBM rate of ≥ 1 was shorter with linaclotide versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 4.0; 290 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 3.0; 290 μg: 2.0; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 4.0; 72 μg: 3.0; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 5.0; 72 μg: 3.0; 145 μg: 1.5) and age-defined menopausal subgroups.ConclusionIn this exploratory post hoc analysis, linaclotide was associated with improvements in bowel and abdominal symptoms across age and age-defined menopausal subgroups, with a safety profile consistent with previous studies, suggesting that age and menopausal status did not meaningfully influence treatment outcomes.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study15

15 results from studies that gave the peptide. 15 results from people.

01HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In IBS-C patients under 65, weekly CSBM frequency increased by 2.3 with linaclotide versus 0.8 with placebo.
In plain wordsIn IBS-C patients under 65, linaclotide increased complete spontaneous bowel movements more than placebo.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
IncreaseWeekly CSBM frequency, IBS-C under 65
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
290 μgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Weekly CSBM change
2.3 CSBM/week
linaclotide 290 μg; age <65
Weekly CSBM change
0.8 CSBM/week
placebo; IBS-C age <65
Source sentences
Summary
Linaclotide increased weekly CSBM frequency from baseline versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 0.8; 290 μg: 2.3; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 290 μg: 2.6; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 0.7; 72 μg: 1.7; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 72 μg: 1.5; 145 μg: 2.3) and menopausal subgroups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276401
02HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In IBS-C patients aged at least 65, weekly CSBM frequency increased by 2.6 with linaclotide versus 0.9 with placebo.
In plain wordsIn older IBS-C patients, linaclotide increased complete spontaneous bowel movements more than placebo.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
IncreaseWeekly CSBM frequency, IBS-C at least 65
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
290 μgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Weekly CSBM change
2.6 CSBM/week
linaclotide 290 μg; age ≥65
Weekly CSBM change
0.9 CSBM/week
placebo; IBS-C age ≥65
Source sentences
Summary
Linaclotide increased weekly CSBM frequency from baseline versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 0.8; 290 μg: 2.3; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 290 μg: 2.6; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 0.7; 72 μg: 1.7; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 72 μg: 1.5; 145 μg: 2.3) and menopausal subgroups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276402
03HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In CIC patients under 65, weekly CSBM frequency increased by 1.7 with linaclotide 72 μg versus 0.7 with placebo.
In plain wordsIn CIC patients under 65, lower-dose linaclotide increased complete spontaneous bowel movements more than placebo.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
IncreaseWeekly CSBM frequency, CIC under 65, lower dose
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
72 μgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Weekly CSBM change
1.7 CSBM/week
linaclotide 72 μg; age <65
Weekly CSBM change
0.7 CSBM/week
placebo; CIC age <65
Source sentences
Summary
Linaclotide increased weekly CSBM frequency from baseline versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 0.8; 290 μg: 2.3; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 290 μg: 2.6; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 0.7; 72 μg: 1.7; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 72 μg: 1.5; 145 μg: 2.3) and menopausal subgroups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276403
04HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In CIC patients under 65, weekly CSBM frequency increased by 2.0 with linaclotide 145 μg versus 0.7 with placebo.
In plain wordsIn CIC patients under 65, higher-dose linaclotide increased complete spontaneous bowel movements more than placebo.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
IncreaseWeekly CSBM frequency, CIC under 65, higher dose
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
145 μgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Weekly CSBM change
2 CSBM/week
linaclotide 145 μg; age <65
Weekly CSBM change
0.7 CSBM/week
placebo; CIC age <65
Source sentences
Summary
Linaclotide increased weekly CSBM frequency from baseline versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 0.8; 290 μg: 2.3; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 290 μg: 2.6; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 0.7; 72 μg: 1.7; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 72 μg: 1.5; 145 μg: 2.3) and menopausal subgroups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276404
05HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In CIC patients aged at least 65, weekly CSBM frequency increased by 1.5 with linaclotide 72 μg versus 0.9 with placebo.
In plain wordsIn older CIC patients, lower-dose linaclotide increased complete spontaneous bowel movements more than placebo.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
IncreaseWeekly CSBM frequency, CIC at least 65, lower dose
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
72 μgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Weekly CSBM change
1.5 CSBM/week
linaclotide 72 μg; age ≥65
Weekly CSBM change
0.9 CSBM/week
placebo; CIC age ≥65
Source sentences
Summary
Linaclotide increased weekly CSBM frequency from baseline versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 0.8; 290 μg: 2.3; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 290 μg: 2.6; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 0.7; 72 μg: 1.7; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 72 μg: 1.5; 145 μg: 2.3) and menopausal subgroups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276405
06HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In CIC patients aged at least 65, weekly CSBM frequency increased by 2.3 with linaclotide 145 μg versus 0.9 with placebo.
In plain wordsIn older CIC patients, higher-dose linaclotide increased complete spontaneous bowel movements more than placebo.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
IncreaseWeekly CSBM frequency, CIC at least 65, higher dose
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
145 μgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Weekly CSBM change
2.3 CSBM/week
linaclotide 145 μg; age ≥65
Weekly CSBM change
0.9 CSBM/week
placebo; CIC age ≥65
Source sentences
Summary
Linaclotide increased weekly CSBM frequency from baseline versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 0.8; 290 μg: 2.3; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 290 μg: 2.6; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 0.7; 72 μg: 1.7; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 72 μg: 1.5; 145 μg: 2.3) and menopausal subgroups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276406
07HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In women with IBS-C or CIC, linaclotide increased weekly CSBM frequency versus placebo across age-defined menopausal subgroups.
In plain wordsIn women with IBS-C or CIC, linaclotide increased complete spontaneous bowel movements more than placebo across age-defined menopausal subgroups.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
IncreaseWeekly CSBM frequency across menopausal subgroups
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Linaclotide increased weekly CSBM frequency from baseline versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 0.8; 290 μg: 2.3; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 290 μg: 2.6; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 0.7; 72 μg: 1.7; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 0.9; 72 μg: 1.5; 145 μg: 2.3) and menopausal subgroups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276407
08HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In adults with IBS-C or CIC, linaclotide reduced abdominal symptoms from baseline versus placebo across all age and menopausal subgroups.
In plain wordsIn adults with IBS-C or CIC, linaclotide reduced abdominal symptoms more than placebo across age and menopausal subgroups.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
DecreaseAbdominal symptoms across subgroups
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Abdominal symptoms reduced from baseline versus placebo across all subgroups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276408
09HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In IBS-C patients under 65, median time to the specified CSBM increase was 2.0 weeks with linaclotide versus 4.0 with placebo.
In plain wordsIn IBS-C patients under 65, linaclotide reached the bowel movement response sooner than placebo.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
DecreaseCSBM response time, IBS-C under 65
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
290 μgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Median response time
2 weeks
linaclotide 290 μg; IBS-C age <65
Median response time
4 weeks
placebo; IBS-C age <65
Source sentences
Summary
Median time (weeks) to an increase from baseline in weekly CSBM rate of ≥ 1 was shorter with linaclotide versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 4.0; 290 μg: 2.0;
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276409
10HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In IBS-C patients aged at least 65, median time to the specified CSBM increase was 2.0 weeks with linaclotide versus 3.0 with placebo.
In plain wordsIn older IBS-C patients, linaclotide reached the bowel movement response sooner than placebo.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
DecreaseCSBM response time, IBS-C at least 65
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
290 μgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Median response time
2 weeks
linaclotide 290 μg; IBS-C age ≥65
Median response time
3 weeks
placebo; IBS-C age ≥65
Source sentences
Summary
Median time (weeks) to an increase from baseline in weekly CSBM rate of ≥ 1 was shorter with linaclotide versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 4.0; 290 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 3.0; 290 μg: 2.0; CIC,
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276410
11HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In CIC patients under 65, median time to the specified CSBM increase was 3.0 weeks with linaclotide 72 μg versus 4.0 with placebo.
In plain wordsIn CIC patients under 65, lower-dose linaclotide reached the bowel movement response sooner than placebo.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
DecreaseCSBM response time, CIC under 65, lower dose
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
72 μgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Median response time
3 weeks
linaclotide 72 μg; CIC age <65
Median response time
4 weeks
placebo; CIC age <65
Source sentences
Summary
Median time (weeks) to an increase from baseline in weekly CSBM rate of ≥ 1 was shorter with linaclotide versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 4.0; 290 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 3.0; 290 μg: 2.0; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 4.0; 72 μg: 3.0; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 5.0; 72 μg: 3.0; 145 μg: 1.5) and age-defined menopausal subgroups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276411
12HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In CIC patients under 65, median time to the specified CSBM increase was 2.0 weeks with linaclotide 145 μg versus 4.0 with placebo.
In plain wordsIn CIC patients under 65, higher-dose linaclotide reached the bowel movement response sooner than placebo.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
DecreaseCSBM response time, CIC under 65, higher dose
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
145 μgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Median response time
2 weeks
linaclotide 145 μg; CIC age <65
Median response time
4 weeks
placebo; CIC age <65
Source sentences
Summary
Median time (weeks) to an increase from baseline in weekly CSBM rate of ≥ 1 was shorter with linaclotide versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 4.0; 290 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 3.0; 290 μg: 2.0; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 4.0; 72 μg: 3.0; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 5.0; 72 μg: 3.0; 145 μg: 1.5) and age-defined menopausal subgroups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276412
13HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In CIC patients aged at least 65, median time to the specified CSBM increase was 3.0 weeks with linaclotide 72 μg versus 5.0 with placebo.
In plain wordsIn older CIC patients, lower-dose linaclotide reached the bowel movement response sooner than placebo.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
DecreaseCSBM response time, CIC at least 65, lower dose
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
72 μgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Median response time
3 weeks
linaclotide 72 μg; CIC age ≥65
Median response time
5 weeks
placebo; CIC age ≥65
Source sentences
Summary
Median time (weeks) to an increase from baseline in weekly CSBM rate of ≥ 1 was shorter with linaclotide versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 4.0; 290 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 3.0; 290 μg: 2.0; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 4.0; 72 μg: 3.0; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 5.0; 72 μg: 3.0; 145 μg: 1.5) and age-defined menopausal subgroups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276413
14HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In CIC patients aged at least 65, median time to the specified CSBM increase was 1.5 weeks with linaclotide 145 μg versus 5.0 with placebo.
In plain wordsIn older CIC patients, higher-dose linaclotide reached the bowel movement response sooner than placebo.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
DecreaseCSBM response time, CIC at least 65, higher dose
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
145 μgAs given in this study (human).
Measurements
Median response time
1.5 weeks
linaclotide 145 μg; CIC age ≥65
Median response time
5 weeks
placebo; CIC age ≥65
Source sentences
Summary
Median time (weeks) to an increase from baseline in weekly CSBM rate of ≥ 1 was shorter with linaclotide versus placebo across age (IBS-C, < 65 years, placebo: 4.0; 290 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 3.0; 290 μg: 2.0; CIC, < 65 years, placebo: 4.0; 72 μg: 3.0; 145 μg: 2.0; ≥ 65 years, placebo: 5.0; 72 μg: 3.0; 145 μg: 1.5) and age-defined menopausal subgroups.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276414
15HumanRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In women with IBS-C or CIC, linaclotide shortened time to the specified weekly CSBM increase versus placebo across age-defined menopausal subgroups.
In plain wordsIn women with IBS-C or CIC, linaclotide reached the bowel movement response sooner than placebo across age-defined menopausal subgroups.
Peptide
Linaclotide
Outcome
DecreaseCSBM response time across menopausal subgroups
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Analysis
Exploratory
Outcome group
Bowel Function · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Median time (weeks) to an increase from baseline in weekly CSBM rate of ≥ 1 was shorter with linaclotide versus placebo across age
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
and age-defined menopausal subgroups.
Summary · context
Data were pooled from eight randomized, placebo-controlled studies of linaclotide 72 μg (CIC), 145 μg (CIC), or 290 μg (IBS-C).
Summary · context
Patients were stratified by age ( 45 years) as a surrogate for clinically confirmed menopausal status.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4270276415

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
28 Oct 2026, 02:03 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
27 Oct 2026, 16:34 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.

Effect of Age and Age-Defined Menopausal Status on Linaclotide Efficacy and Safety in Adults With Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Constipation or Chronic Idiopathic Constipation: Post Hoc Analyses of Phase 2b/3 Studies.

Summary

Results from this study15

Version history

Subjects

Publication types

MeSH terms

Keywords