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Study · Non-randomized trial · n = 10 · 2026

17 results

GnRH-receptor antagonism as a targeted approach to reproductive dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Cotellessa L, Maitre H, Giton F, Bongiovanni S, Pigny P, Robin G, Catteau-Jonard S, Giacobini P

EBioMedicine17 Jul 2026

PMID42468113 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC13400290 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106398 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-42468113
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Summary

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), recently renamed polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), is characterised by neuroendocrine dysfunction with accelerated gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/luteinising hormone (LH) pulsatility driving hyperandrogenism and anovulatory infertility.MethodsWe used the prenatal anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)-exposed PMOS-like mouse model (PAMH) and a phase I clinical trial in women with PMOS without obesity. PAMH and control mice received acute or intermittent low-dose Ganirelix, and oestrous cyclicity, ovulation, gonadotrophins, and steroids were assessed. In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.FindingsIn PMOS-like mice, a single Ganirelix injection normalised exaggerated LH pulsatility, and six-week intermittent treatment restored oestrous cyclicity, ovulation, and testosterone levels without affecting controls. In women with PMOS both Ganirelix doses reduced LH pulse frequency, basal, mean and total LH, and decreased the LH/FSH ratio. D4-androstenedione fell by 25-30% at both doses, AMH declined modestly at 0.0625 mg, while oestradiol remained unchanged.InterpretationLow-dose GnRH-receptor antagonism with Ganirelix can recalibrate, rather than suppress, GnRH/LH signalling, attenuating hyperandrogenism and, in mice, restoring ovulatory function. These data identify partial GnRHR blockade as a promising neuroendocrine-centred strategy in PMOS and provide a rationale for phase II trials evaluating repeated low-dose regimens, ovulatory restoration, and fertility outcomes.FundingThis work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Horizon-ERC-POC grant (ERC-2022-POC2, n° 101111874) and the French National Research Agency (ANR-24-CHBS-0002, France 2030).
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study17

17 results from studies that gave the peptide. 15 results from people.

  1. 01HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS without obesity, ganirelix 0.0625 mg reduced LH pulse frequency.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS without obesity, ganirelix reduced LH pulse frequency.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseLH pulse frequency
    Study

    n = 10

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.0625 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In women with PMOS both Ganirelix doses reduced LH pulse frequency, basal, mean and total LH, and decreased the LH/FSH ratio.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
    Summary · context
    We used the prenatal anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)-exposed PMOS-like mouse model (PAMH) and a phase I clinical trial in women with PMOS without obesity.
  2. 02HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, ganirelix 0.0625 mg reduced basal LH.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, ganirelix reduced basal LH.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseBasal LH
    Study

    n = 10

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.0625 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In women with PMOS both Ganirelix doses reduced LH pulse frequency, basal, mean and total LH, and decreased the LH/FSH ratio.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  3. 03HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, ganirelix 0.0625 mg reduced mean LH.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, ganirelix reduced mean LH.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseMean LH
    Study

    n = 10

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.0625 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In women with PMOS both Ganirelix doses reduced LH pulse frequency, basal, mean and total LH, and decreased the LH/FSH ratio.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  4. 04HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, ganirelix 0.0625 mg reduced total LH.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, ganirelix reduced total LH.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseTotal LH
    Study

    n = 10

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.0625 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In women with PMOS both Ganirelix doses reduced LH pulse frequency, basal, mean and total LH, and decreased the LH/FSH ratio.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  5. 05HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, ganirelix 0.0625 mg reduced the LH/FSH ratio.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, ganirelix reduced the LH/FSH ratio.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseLH/FSH ratio
    Study

    n = 10

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.0625 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In women with PMOS both Ganirelix doses reduced LH pulse frequency, basal, mean and total LH, and decreased the LH/FSH ratio.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  6. 06HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, D4-androstenedione fell by 25-30% after ganirelix 0.0625 mg.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, ganirelix reduced D4-androstenedione by 25-30%.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseD4-androstenedione
    Study

    n = 10

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.0625 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    D4-androstenedione fall
    25 to 30%
    reported as 25-30% at both doses; 0.0625 mg group

    Source sentences

    Summary
    D4-androstenedione fell by 25-30% at both doses, AMH declined modestly at 0.0625 mg, while oestradiol remained unchanged.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  7. 07HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, AMH declined modestly after ganirelix 0.0625 mg.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, ganirelix modestly reduced AMH.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseAMH
    Study

    n = 10

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.0625 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    D4-androstenedione fell by 25-30% at both doses, AMH declined modestly at 0.0625 mg, while oestradiol remained unchanged.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  8. 08HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, oestradiol remained unchanged after ganirelix 0.0625 mg.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, oestradiol remained unchanged after ganirelix.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    No significant changeOestradiol
    Study

    n = 10

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.0625 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    D4-androstenedione fell by 25-30% at both doses, AMH declined modestly at 0.0625 mg, while oestradiol remained unchanged.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  9. 09HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS without obesity, ganirelix 0.025 mg reduced LH pulse frequency.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS without obesity, ganirelix reduced LH pulse frequency.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseLH pulse frequency
    Study

    n = 8

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.025 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In women with PMOS both Ganirelix doses reduced LH pulse frequency, basal, mean and total LH, and decreased the LH/FSH ratio.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
    Summary · context
    We used the prenatal anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)-exposed PMOS-like mouse model (PAMH) and a phase I clinical trial in women with PMOS without obesity.
  10. 10HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, ganirelix 0.025 mg reduced basal LH.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, ganirelix reduced basal LH.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseBasal LH
    Study

    n = 8

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.025 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In women with PMOS both Ganirelix doses reduced LH pulse frequency, basal, mean and total LH, and decreased the LH/FSH ratio.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  11. 11HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, ganirelix 0.025 mg reduced mean LH.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, ganirelix reduced mean LH.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseMean LH
    Study

    n = 8

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.025 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In women with PMOS both Ganirelix doses reduced LH pulse frequency, basal, mean and total LH, and decreased the LH/FSH ratio.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  12. 12HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, ganirelix 0.025 mg reduced total LH.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, ganirelix reduced total LH.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseTotal LH
    Study

    n = 8

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.025 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In women with PMOS both Ganirelix doses reduced LH pulse frequency, basal, mean and total LH, and decreased the LH/FSH ratio.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  13. 13HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, ganirelix 0.025 mg reduced the LH/FSH ratio.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, ganirelix reduced the LH/FSH ratio.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseLH/FSH ratio
    Study

    n = 8

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.025 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In women with PMOS both Ganirelix doses reduced LH pulse frequency, basal, mean and total LH, and decreased the LH/FSH ratio.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  14. 14HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, D4-androstenedione fell by 25-30% after ganirelix 0.025 mg.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, ganirelix reduced D4-androstenedione by 25-30%.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseD4-androstenedione
    Study

    n = 8

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.025 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    D4-androstenedione fall
    25 to 30%
    reported as 25-30% at both doses; 0.025 mg group

    Source sentences

    Summary
    D4-androstenedione fell by 25-30% at both doses, AMH declined modestly at 0.0625 mg, while oestradiol remained unchanged.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  15. 15HumanNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome

    In women with PCOS, oestradiol remained unchanged after ganirelix 0.025 mg.

    In plain wordsIn women with PCOS, oestradiol remained unchanged after ganirelix.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    No significant changeOestradiol
    Study

    n = 8

    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    0.025 mg · single doseAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    D4-androstenedione fell by 25-30% at both doses, AMH declined modestly at 0.0625 mg, while oestradiol remained unchanged.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In women, two subtherapeutic Ganirelix doses (0.025 mg, n = 8; 0.0625 mg, n = 10) were administered once in early follicular phase, with 10-min blood sampling over 8 h to quantify LH pulsatility and reproductive hormones.
  16. 16AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In PCOS-like mice, a single ganirelix injection normalized exaggerated LH pulsatility.

    In plain wordsIn mice with a PCOS-like condition, ganirelix normalized excessive LH pulses.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    DecreaseLH pulsatility
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    PAMH PCOS-like mice
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · single injectionAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In PMOS-like mice, a single Ganirelix injection normalised exaggerated LH pulsatility
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    PAMH and control mice received acute or intermittent low-dose Ganirelix, and oestrous cyclicity, ovulation, gonadotrophins, and steroids were assessed.
  17. 17AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In PCOS-like mice, six-week intermittent ganirelix restored oestrous cyclicity, ovulation and testosterone levels without affecting controls.

    In plain wordsIn PCOS-like mice, intermittent ganirelix restored reproductive cycles, ovulation and testosterone levels without affecting control mice.

    Peptide
    Ganirelix
    Outcome
    Direction not reportedOestrous cyclicity, ovulation and testosterone restoration
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    PAMH PCOS-like mice
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Reproductive and sexual health
    Studied dose
    intermittent low-dose · six weeksAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In PMOS-like mice, a single Ganirelix injection normalised exaggerated LH pulsatility, and six-week intermittent treatment restored oestrous cyclicity, ovulation, and testosterone levels without affecting controls.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    PAMH and control mice received acute or intermittent low-dose Ganirelix, and oestrous cyclicity, ovulation, gonadotrophins, and steroids were assessed.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    28 Oct 2026, 02:03 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    27 Oct 2026, 16:35 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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