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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 2026

6 results

Thymosin Alpha-1 Restores Chemotherapy-Induced Antitumor Immunity by Chaperoning a MicroRNA Ligand of TLR7 in Dendritic Cells.

Wei Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhu F, Wang X, Zhou X, Wu C, Zhang W, Chen J, Zhang Y, Pan N and 5 more

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Chen K, Zheng S, Yan C, Liu L, Wang L

Cancer research1 Sept 2026

PMID42295795 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1158/0008-5472.can-25-5547 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-42295795
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

4 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In mice with established tumors and high miR-146a-5p expression, therapeutic thymosin alpha‑1 supplementation was synergistic with chemotherapy in controlling tumors, dependent on TLR7.

    In plain wordsIn mice with tumors, thymosin alpha‑1 added to chemotherapy controlled tumors better, in a way that needed TLR7.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    DecreaseTumor control with Tα-1 plus chemotherapy
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Mice with established tumors and high miR-146a-5p expression
    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Therapeutic Tα-1 supplementation produced strong synergy with chemotherapy to control established tumors in mice with high miR-146a-5p expression in a TLR7-dependent manner.
  2. 02LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    Thymosin alpha‑1 bound to tumor apoptotic bodies and interacted with their microRNAs, including miR-146a-5p, in the endolysosomal compartment of dendritic cells.

    In plain wordsIn cells, thymosin alpha‑1 attached to tumor cell remnants and to their microRNAs inside dendritic cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    Not applicableBinding to tumor apoptotic bodies and microRNAs
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Tumor apoptotic bodies phagocytosed by dendritic cells
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tα-1 bound to tumor ABs and interacted with AB-borne microRNAs, including miR-146a-5p, following the phagocytosis of ABs into the endolysosomal compartment of dendritic cells (DC).
  3. 03LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In dendritic cells, interaction with thymosin alpha‑1 protected miR-146a-5p from lysosomal RNase A-mediated degradation.

    In plain wordsIn cells, thymosin alpha‑1 protected a microRNA from being broken down inside dendritic cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    DecreasemiR-146a-5p protection from lysosomal RNase A degradation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Dendritic cells with phagocytosed apoptotic bodies
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The interaction with Tα-1 protected miR-146a-5p from lysosomal RNase A-mediated degradation
  4. 04LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In dendritic cells, the interaction with thymosin alpha‑1 allowed miR-146a-5p-mediated TLR7 activation that licenses DC maturation, migration and antigen presentation to tumor-specific CD8+ T cells.

    In plain wordsIn cells, thymosin alpha‑1 let a microRNA switch on TLR7, which helped dendritic cells mature and prime tumor-fighting T cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseTLR7 activation and dendritic cell maturation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Dendritic cells with phagocytosed apoptotic bodies
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    allowing miR-146a-5p-mediated activation of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) that licenses DC maturation, migration to tumor-draining lymph nodes, and presentation of tumor antigens to activate tumor-specific CD8+ T cells.

Natural levels measured2

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 05HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyMechanism

    In patients with multiple types of cancer, circulating levels of the body's own thymosin alpha‑1 were reduced after chemotherapy.

    In plain wordsIn people with several types of cancer, the body's own thymosin alpha‑1 levels in blood were lower after chemotherapy.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    DecreaseCirculating Tα-1 after chemotherapy in patients
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Immune response · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In this study, we found reduced circulating levels of thymosin alpha-1 (Tα-1), a key endogenous peptide hormone with immunomodulatory activity, after chemotherapy treatment in patients with multiple types of cancer and in mice bearing established tumors.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin alpha-1. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 06AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice bearing established tumors, circulating levels of the body's own thymosin alpha‑1 were reduced after chemotherapy.

    In plain wordsIn mice with tumors, the body's own thymosin alpha‑1 levels in blood were lower after chemotherapy.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    DecreaseCirculating Tα-1 after chemotherapy in mice
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Mice bearing established tumors
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Cancer

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In this study, we found reduced circulating levels of thymosin alpha-1 (Tα-1), a key endogenous peptide hormone with immunomodulatory activity, after chemotherapy treatment in patients with multiple types of cancer and in mice bearing established tumors.

    This result measures the body's own Thymosin alpha-1. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    10 Oct 2026, 08:19 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:02 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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