Skip to content

Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 2026

14 results

AICAR improves depression-like behaviors and is associated with hippocampal AMPK activation and modulation of neurogenesis and neuroinflammation in a microbiota disruption model.

Takahashi K, Kurokawa K, Kawaguchi R, Takeda H, Tsuji M

Neurochemistry international1 Apr 2026

PMID41932583 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.neuint.2026.106152 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-41932583
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
Jump to 14 results

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study14

14 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In ABX mice, AICAR attenuated prolonged immobility.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR reduced immobility compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    DecreaseImmobility
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Anxiety and mood · Mental health and mood
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR administration attenuated these behavioral and molecular alterations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    ABX mice exhibited depression-like behaviors, as evidenced by prolonged immobility and reduced sucrose preference.
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In ABX mice, AICAR attenuated reduced sucrose preference.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR increased sucrose preference compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseSucrose preference
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Anxiety and mood · Mental health and mood
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR administration attenuated these behavioral and molecular alterations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    ABX mice exhibited depression-like behaviors, as evidenced by prolonged immobility and reduced sucrose preference.
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In ABX mice, AICAR attenuated hippocampal Iba1 upregulation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR reduced hippocampal Iba1 compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHippocampal Iba1
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR administration attenuated these behavioral and molecular alterations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In the hippocampus of the ABX mice, Iba1 and pro-inflammatory microglial markers were upregulated, whereas brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), CD206, arginase-1, and interleukin-10 were downregulated.
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In ABX mice, AICAR attenuated pro-inflammatory microglial marker upregulation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR reduced inflammatory microglial markers compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    DecreasePro-inflammatory microglial markers
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR administration attenuated these behavioral and molecular alterations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In the hippocampus of the ABX mice, Iba1 and pro-inflammatory microglial markers were upregulated, whereas brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), CD206, arginase-1, and interleukin-10 were downregulated.
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In ABX mice, AICAR attenuated hippocampal BDNF downregulation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR increased hippocampal BDNF compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseBDNF
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR administration attenuated these behavioral and molecular alterations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In the hippocampus of the ABX mice, Iba1 and pro-inflammatory microglial markers were upregulated, whereas brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), CD206, arginase-1, and interleukin-10 were downregulated.
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In ABX mice, AICAR attenuated hippocampal CD206 downregulation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR increased hippocampal CD206 compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseCD206
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR administration attenuated these behavioral and molecular alterations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In the hippocampus of the ABX mice, Iba1 and pro-inflammatory microglial markers were upregulated, whereas brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), CD206, arginase-1, and interleukin-10 were downregulated.
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In ABX mice, AICAR attenuated hippocampal arginase-1 downregulation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR increased hippocampal arginase-1 compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseArginase-1
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR administration attenuated these behavioral and molecular alterations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In the hippocampus of the ABX mice, Iba1 and pro-inflammatory microglial markers were upregulated, whereas brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), CD206, arginase-1, and interleukin-10 were downregulated.
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In ABX mice, AICAR attenuated hippocampal interleukin-10 downregulation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR increased hippocampal interleukin-10 compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseInterleukin-10
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR administration attenuated these behavioral and molecular alterations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    In the hippocampus of the ABX mice, Iba1 and pro-inflammatory microglial markers were upregulated, whereas brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), CD206, arginase-1, and interleukin-10 were downregulated.
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  9. 09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In ABX mice, AICAR attenuated reduced hippocampal AMPK phosphorylation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR increased hippocampal AMPK phosphorylation compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseAMPK phosphorylation
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR administration attenuated these behavioral and molecular alterations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Additionally, levels of AMPK phosphorylation, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), and tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) were decreased.
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  10. 10AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In ABX mice, AICAR attenuated reduced hippocampal CREB levels.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR increased hippocampal CREB compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseCREB
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR administration attenuated these behavioral and molecular alterations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Additionally, levels of AMPK phosphorylation, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), and tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) were decreased.
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  11. 11AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In ABX mice, AICAR attenuated reduced hippocampal TrkB levels.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR increased hippocampal TrkB compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseTrkB
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR administration attenuated these behavioral and molecular alterations.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Additionally, levels of AMPK phosphorylation, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), and tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) were decreased.
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  12. 12AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In ABX mice, AICAR ameliorated reduced hippocampal neuron proliferation.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR increased hippocampal neuron proliferation compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseNeuron proliferation
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR ameliorated the reduction in hippocampal neuron proliferation and survival and reduced microglial activation-associated morphological changes in the hippocampus.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  13. 13AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In ABX mice, AICAR ameliorated reduced hippocampal neuron survival.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR increased hippocampal neuron survival compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseNeuron survival
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR ameliorated the reduction in hippocampal neuron proliferation and survival and reduced microglial activation-associated morphological changes in the hippocampus.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.
  14. 14AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In ABX mice, AICAR reduced hippocampal microglial activation-associated morphological changes.

    In plain wordsIn mice, AICAR reduced microglial shape changes associated with activation compared with ABX mice.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    DecreaseMicroglial morphological changes
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption
    Comparator
    ABX mice
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR ameliorated the reduction in hippocampal neuron proliferation and survival and reduced microglial activation-associated morphological changes in the hippocampus.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, is associated with the prevention of ABX-induced depression-like behaviors.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.