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Study · Other design · 2025

14 results

Delta power surge and alpha power decline in traumatic brain injury recovery: A quantitative EEG analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial.

Livinț-Popa L, Chelaru VF, Chertic-Dăbală D, Chira D, Verișezan-Roșu O, Dăbală V, Drăghici N, Maer E, Strilciuc Ş, Mureșanu D

Journal of clinical and translational science25 Sept 2025

PMID41395158 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC12695505 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1017/cts.2025.10159 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-41395158
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Summary

IntroductionTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability and death. Both repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and Cerebrolysin (CRB) are promising therapies regulating neural plasticity. This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.MethodsThis secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively. We computed relative power spectral densities for delta, theta, alpha and beta frequency bands, for the entire scalp and different regions. We conducted neuropsychological assessments and evaluated the correlations between resting-state relative power spectral density values and neuropsychological assessment performance.ResultsWe analyzed a total of 50 patients. For the entire scalp, we found statistically significant decreases in relative alpha power (p = 0.02) and significant increases in relative delta power (p = 0.02), further subgroup analysis showing differences between visits in the CRB + sham group (paired Cliff's δ = 0.6, p = 0.012 for Delta band, δ = 0.6, p = 0.064 for Alpha band). The differences were higher in the central (alpha p = 0.004, delta p = 0.002) and parietal (alpha p = 0.012, delta p = 0.03), and lower in the frontal (alpha p = 0.05, delta p = 0.026), temporal (alpha p = 0.065, delta p = 0.077), and occipital (alpha p = 0.064, delta p = 0.084) regions. Neuropsychological tests performance was negatively correlated with resting-state relative delta power, and positively correlated with alpha power.ConclusionWe found overall slowing of brain electrical activity during recovery after TBI, which was further influenced by rTMS and CRB treatment. Resting-state relative power spectral densities correlate with neuropsychological measurements.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study14

2 results from studies that gave the peptide. 2 results from people.

  1. 01HumanOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients receiving Cerebrolysin plus sham stimulation, relative delta power increased between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients receiving Cerebrolysin plus sham stimulation, relative delta power increased between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    IncreaseRelative delta power in CRB plus sham
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    Paired Cliff's delta
    0.6
    Relative delta power in CRB plus sham, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, CRB + sham subgroup
    P value
    0.012
    Relative delta power in CRB plus sham, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, CRB + sham subgroup

    Source sentences

    Summary
    further subgroup analysis showing differences between visits in the CRB + sham group (paired Cliff's δ = 0.6, p = 0.012 for Delta band, δ = 0.6, p = 0.064 for Alpha band).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.
  2. 02HumanOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients receiving Cerebrolysin plus sham stimulation, relative alpha power did not change significantly between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients receiving Cerebrolysin plus sham stimulation, relative alpha power did not change significantly between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    No significant changeRelative alpha power in CRB plus sham
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    Paired Cliff's delta
    0.6
    Relative alpha power in CRB plus sham, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, CRB + sham subgroup
    P value
    0.064
    Relative alpha power in CRB plus sham, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, CRB + sham subgroup

    Source sentences

    Summary
    further subgroup analysis showing differences between visits in the CRB + sham group (paired Cliff's δ = 0.6, p = 0.012 for Delta band, δ = 0.6, p = 0.064 for Alpha band).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone12

In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

  1. 03HumanNot a test of Cerebrolysin aloneOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients across Cerebrolysin, rTMS, or combined therapy groups, whole-scalp relative alpha power decreased between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, whole-scalp relative alpha power decreased between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    DecreaseWhole-scalp relative alpha power
    Study

    n = 50

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    P value
    0.02
    Whole-scalp relative alpha power, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, across treatment groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    For the entire scalp, we found statistically significant decreases in relative alpha power (p = 0.02) and significant increases in relative delta power (p = 0.02),
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

    In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

  2. 04HumanNot a test of Cerebrolysin aloneOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients across Cerebrolysin, rTMS, or combined therapy groups, whole-scalp relative delta power increased between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, whole-scalp relative delta power increased between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    IncreaseWhole-scalp relative delta power
    Study

    n = 50

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    P value
    0.02
    Whole-scalp relative delta power, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, across treatment groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    For the entire scalp, we found statistically significant decreases in relative alpha power (p = 0.02) and significant increases in relative delta power (p = 0.02),
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

    In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

  3. 05HumanNot a test of Cerebrolysin aloneOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, central relative alpha power decreased between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, central relative alpha power decreased between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    DecreaseCentral relative alpha power
    Study

    n = 50

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    P value
    0.004
    Central relative alpha power, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, across treatment groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The differences were higher in the central (alpha p = 0.004, delta p = 0.002)
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

    In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

  4. 06HumanNot a test of Cerebrolysin aloneOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, central relative delta power increased between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, central relative delta power increased between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    IncreaseCentral relative delta power
    Study

    n = 50

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    P value
    0.002
    Central relative delta power, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, across treatment groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The differences were higher in the central (alpha p = 0.004, delta p = 0.002)
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

    In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

  5. 07HumanNot a test of Cerebrolysin aloneOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, parietal relative alpha power decreased between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, parietal relative alpha power decreased between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    DecreaseParietal relative alpha power
    Study

    n = 50

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    P value
    0.012
    Parietal relative alpha power, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, across treatment groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    and parietal (alpha p = 0.012, delta p = 0.03),
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

    In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

  6. 08HumanNot a test of Cerebrolysin aloneOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, parietal relative delta power increased between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, parietal relative delta power increased between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    IncreaseParietal relative delta power
    Study

    n = 50

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    P value
    0.03
    Parietal relative delta power, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, across treatment groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    and parietal (alpha p = 0.012, delta p = 0.03),
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

    In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

  7. 09HumanNot a test of Cerebrolysin aloneOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, frontal relative alpha power declined with a reported p value of 0.05.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, frontal relative alpha power declined with a p value of 0.05.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    DecreaseFrontal relative alpha power
    Study

    n = 50

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    P value
    0.05
    Frontal relative alpha power, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, across treatment groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    and lower in the frontal (alpha p = 0.05, delta p = 0.026),
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

    In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

  8. 10HumanNot a test of Cerebrolysin aloneOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, frontal relative delta power increased between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, frontal relative delta power increased between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    IncreaseFrontal relative delta power
    Study

    n = 50

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    P value
    0.026
    Frontal relative delta power, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, across treatment groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    and lower in the frontal (alpha p = 0.05, delta p = 0.026),
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

    In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

  9. 11HumanNot a test of Cerebrolysin aloneOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, temporal relative alpha power did not change significantly between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, temporal relative alpha power did not change significantly between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    No significant changeTemporal relative alpha power
    Study

    n = 50

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    P value
    0.065
    Temporal relative alpha power, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, across treatment groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    temporal (alpha p = 0.065, delta p = 0.077),
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

    In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

  10. 12HumanNot a test of Cerebrolysin aloneOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, temporal relative delta power did not change significantly between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, temporal relative delta power did not change significantly between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    No significant changeTemporal relative delta power
    Study

    n = 50

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    P value
    0.077
    Temporal relative delta power, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, across treatment groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    temporal (alpha p = 0.065, delta p = 0.077),
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

    In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

  11. 13HumanNot a test of Cerebrolysin aloneOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, occipital relative alpha power did not change significantly between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, occipital relative alpha power did not change significantly between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    No significant changeOccipital relative alpha power
    Study

    n = 50

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    P value
    0.064
    Occipital relative alpha power, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, across treatment groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    and occipital (alpha p = 0.064, delta p = 0.084) regions.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

    In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

  12. 14HumanNot a test of Cerebrolysin aloneOther designMechanism

    In TBI patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, occipital relative delta power did not change significantly between visits.

    In plain wordsIn brain injury patients across treatment groups including Cerebrolysin, occipital relative delta power did not change significantly between visits.

    Peptide
    Cerebrolysin
    Outcome
    No significant changeOccipital relative delta power
    Study

    n = 50

    Analysis
    Secondary
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    P value
    0.084
    Occipital relative delta power, 30-day baseline versus 180-day visit, across treatment groups

    Source sentences

    Summary
    and occipital (alpha p = 0.064, delta p = 0.084) regions.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study aimed to assess the changes in resting-state brain activity following CRB, rTMS, or combined CRB-rTMS therapy.
    Summary · context
    This secondary analysis of the CAPTAIN-rTMS trial analyzed eyes-closed segments from EEG recordings at 30 days (baseline) and 180 days (after treatment) respectively.

    In this study, Cerebrolysin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Cerebrolysin.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    14 Oct 2026, 05:02 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    14 Oct 2026, 01:46 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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