Bacteria biohybrids integrating anticancer peptide-loaded nanoparticles for tumor immunotherapy through pyroptosis activation.

Chen S, Ouyang X, Wei X, He G, Xian Y, Zhang C, Wu D

Biomaterials science4 Nov 2025

PMID41054933DOI10.1039/d5bm00667hPepBankPUB-41054933

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study9

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone9

In this study, LTX-315 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking LTX-315.

01AnimalNot a test of LTX-315 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In the tumor study, the LTX‑315-loaded bacterial biohybrid P/L@EcN enhanced tumor accumulation.
In plain wordsIn the animal tumor study, the LTX‑315 bacterial biohybrid increased tumor accumulation.
Peptide
LTX-315
Outcome
IncreaseTumor accumulation
Study
n: not reported in source
Orthotopic breast cancer
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
This hybrid system exhibits enhanced tumor accumulation, improved cellular uptake, and deep tumor penetration, while effectively inducing pyroptosis through caspase-1-dependent pathways.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we introduce P/L@EcN, a bacteria biohybrid system that conjugates ROS-responsive, ruxotemitide (LTX-315)-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles (P/L-NPs)
In this study, LTX-315 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking LTX-315.
Report a problemFND-4105493301
02AnimalNot a test of LTX-315 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In the tumor study, the LTX‑315-loaded bacterial biohybrid P/L@EcN exhibited deep tumor penetration.
In plain wordsIn the animal tumor study, the LTX‑315 bacterial biohybrid penetrated deeply into tumors.
Peptide
LTX-315
Outcome
Not applicableTumor penetration
Study
n: not reported in source
Orthotopic breast cancer
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
This hybrid system exhibits enhanced tumor accumulation, improved cellular uptake, and deep tumor penetration, while effectively inducing pyroptosis through caspase-1-dependent pathways.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we introduce P/L@EcN, a bacteria biohybrid system that conjugates ROS-responsive, ruxotemitide (LTX-315)-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles (P/L-NPs)
In this study, LTX-315 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking LTX-315.
Report a problemFND-4105493303
03AnimalNot a test of LTX-315 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In orthotopic breast cancer, P/L@EcN containing LTX‑315 enhanced antitumor immunity by remodeling the tumor microenvironment.
In plain wordsIn animals, the LTX‑315 bacterial biohybrid enhanced antitumor immunity in breast cancer.
Peptide
LTX-315
Outcome
IncreaseAntitumor immunity
Study
n: not reported in source
Orthotopic breast cancer
Outcome group
Immune response · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
In an in vivo orthotopic breast cancer model, P/L@EcN enhanced anti-tumor immunity by remodeling the tumor microenvironment, promoting the macrophage M1/M2 ratio, and reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), ultimately achieving significant tumor growth suppression without systemic toxicity.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we introduce P/L@EcN, a bacteria biohybrid system that conjugates ROS-responsive, ruxotemitide (LTX-315)-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles (P/L-NPs)
In this study, LTX-315 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking LTX-315.
Report a problemFND-4105493305
04AnimalNot a test of LTX-315 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In orthotopic breast cancer, P/L@EcN containing LTX‑315 increased the macrophage M1/M2 ratio.
In plain wordsIn animals, the LTX‑315 bacterial biohybrid increased the macrophage M1/M2 ratio in breast tumors.
Peptide
LTX-315
Outcome
IncreaseMacrophage M1/M2 ratio
Study
n: not reported in source
Orthotopic breast cancer
Outcome group
Immune response · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
In an in vivo orthotopic breast cancer model, P/L@EcN enhanced anti-tumor immunity by remodeling the tumor microenvironment, promoting the macrophage M1/M2 ratio, and reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), ultimately achieving significant tumor growth suppression without systemic toxicity.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we introduce P/L@EcN, a bacteria biohybrid system that conjugates ROS-responsive, ruxotemitide (LTX-315)-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles (P/L-NPs)
In this study, LTX-315 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking LTX-315.
Report a problemFND-4105493306
05AnimalNot a test of LTX-315 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In orthotopic breast cancer, P/L@EcN containing LTX‑315 reduced myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
In plain wordsIn animals, the LTX‑315 bacterial biohybrid reduced suppressor cells in breast cancer.
Peptide
LTX-315
Outcome
DecreaseMyeloid-derived suppressor cells
Study
n: not reported in source
Orthotopic breast cancer
Outcome group
Immune response · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
In an in vivo orthotopic breast cancer model, P/L@EcN enhanced anti-tumor immunity by remodeling the tumor microenvironment, promoting the macrophage M1/M2 ratio, and reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), ultimately achieving significant tumor growth suppression without systemic toxicity.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we introduce P/L@EcN, a bacteria biohybrid system that conjugates ROS-responsive, ruxotemitide (LTX-315)-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles (P/L-NPs)
In this study, LTX-315 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking LTX-315.
Report a problemFND-4105493307
06AnimalNot a test of LTX-315 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In orthotopic breast cancer, P/L@EcN containing LTX‑315 significantly suppressed tumor growth.
In plain wordsIn animals, the LTX‑315 bacterial biohybrid suppressed breast tumor growth.
Peptide
LTX-315
Outcome
DecreaseTumor growth
Study
n: not reported in source
Orthotopic breast cancer
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
In an in vivo orthotopic breast cancer model, P/L@EcN enhanced anti-tumor immunity by remodeling the tumor microenvironment, promoting the macrophage M1/M2 ratio, and reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), ultimately achieving significant tumor growth suppression without systemic toxicity.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we introduce P/L@EcN, a bacteria biohybrid system that conjugates ROS-responsive, ruxotemitide (LTX-315)-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles (P/L-NPs)
In this study, LTX-315 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking LTX-315.
Report a problemFND-4105493308
07AnimalNot a test of LTX-315 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Safety outcome
In orthotopic breast cancer, P/L@EcN containing LTX‑315 suppressed tumors without systemic toxicity.
In plain wordsIn animals, the LTX‑315 bacterial biohybrid suppressed breast tumors without systemic toxicity.
Peptide
LTX-315
Outcome
Not applicableSystemic toxicity
Study
n: not reported in source
Orthotopic breast cancer
Outcome group
Adverse events · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
In an in vivo orthotopic breast cancer model, P/L@EcN enhanced anti-tumor immunity by remodeling the tumor microenvironment, promoting the macrophage M1/M2 ratio, and reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), ultimately achieving significant tumor growth suppression without systemic toxicity.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we introduce P/L@EcN, a bacteria biohybrid system that conjugates ROS-responsive, ruxotemitide (LTX-315)-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles (P/L-NPs)
In this study, LTX-315 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking LTX-315.
Report a problemFND-4105493309
08LabNot a test of LTX-315 aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In cellular assays, the LTX‑315-loaded bacterial biohybrid P/L@EcN improved cellular uptake.
In plain wordsIn cells, the LTX‑315 bacterial biohybrid improved cellular uptake.
Peptide
LTX-315
Outcome
IncreaseCellular uptake
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
This hybrid system exhibits enhanced tumor accumulation, improved cellular uptake, and deep tumor penetration, while effectively inducing pyroptosis through caspase-1-dependent pathways.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we introduce P/L@EcN, a bacteria biohybrid system that conjugates ROS-responsive, ruxotemitide (LTX-315)-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles (P/L-NPs)
In this study, LTX-315 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking LTX-315.
Report a problemFND-4105493302
09LabNot a test of LTX-315 aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In cellular assays, the LTX‑315-loaded bacterial biohybrid P/L@EcN induced pyroptosis through caspase-1-dependent pathways.
In plain wordsIn cells, the LTX‑315 bacterial biohybrid induced inflammatory cell death through caspase-dependent pathways.
Peptide
LTX-315
Outcome
IncreaseCaspase-1-dependent pyroptosis
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
This hybrid system exhibits enhanced tumor accumulation, improved cellular uptake, and deep tumor penetration, while effectively inducing pyroptosis through caspase-1-dependent pathways.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Here, we introduce P/L@EcN, a bacteria biohybrid system that conjugates ROS-responsive, ruxotemitide (LTX-315)-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles (P/L-NPs)
In this study, LTX-315 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking LTX-315.
Report a problemFND-4105493304

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
27 Oct 2026, 18:20 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
27 Oct 2026, 16:32 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

Journal Article

MeSH terms

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.