Local abaloparatide administration promotes in situ alveolar bone augmentation via FAK-mediated periosteal osteogenesis.

Wang R, Li Y, Tan B, Li S, Wu Y, Chen Y, Qian Y, Wang H, Li B, Zhao Z, Yuan Q, Li Y

International journal of oral science2 Sept 2025Cited by 4 (Europe PMC)

PMID40890141PMCIDPMC12402510DOI10.1038/s41368-025-00392-6PepBankPUB-40890141

Summary

Insufficient alveolar bone thickness increases the risk of periodontal dehiscence and fenestration, especially in orthodontic tooth movement. Abaloparatide (ABL), a synthetic analog of human PTHrP (1-34) and a clinical medication for treating osteoporosis, has recently demonstrated its potential in enhancing craniofacial bone formation. Herein, we show that intraoral submucosal injection of ABL, when combined with mechanical force, promotes in situ alveolar bone thickening. The newly formed bone is primarily located outside the original compact bone, implying its origin from the periosteum. RNA sequencing of the alveolar bone tissue revealed that the focal adhesion (FA) pathway potentially mediates this bioprocess. Local injection of ABL alone enhances cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, and phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in the alveolar periosteum; when ABL is combined with mechanical force, the FAK expression is upregulated, in line with the accomplishment of the ossification. In vitro, ABL enhances proliferation, migration, and FAK phosphorylation in periosteal stem cells. Furthermore, the pro-osteogenic effects of ABL on alveolar bone are entirely blocked when FAK activity is inhibited by a specific inhibitor. In summary, abaloparatide combined with mechanical force promotes alveolar bone formation via FAK-mediated periosteal osteogenesis. Thus, we have introduced a promising therapeutic approach for drug-induced in situ alveolar bone augmentation, which may prevent or repair the detrimental periodontal dehiscence, holding significant potential in dentistry.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study11

6 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In an in vivo alveolar periosteum model, abaloparatide alone enhanced cell proliferation.
In plain wordsIn an animal model, local abaloparatide alone increased cell proliferation in the alveolar periosteum.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreasePeriosteal cell proliferation
Study
n: not reported in source
alveolar periosteum
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · local injectionAs given in this study.
Source sentences
Summary
Local injection of ABL alone enhances cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, and phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in the alveolar periosteum
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4089014104
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In an in vivo alveolar periosteum model, abaloparatide alone enhanced collagen synthesis.
In plain wordsIn an animal model, local abaloparatide alone increased collagen synthesis in the alveolar periosteum.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseCollagen synthesis
Study
n: not reported in source
alveolar periosteum
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · local injectionAs given in this study.
Source sentences
Summary
Local injection of ABL alone enhances cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, and phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in the alveolar periosteum
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4089014105
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In an in vivo alveolar periosteum model, abaloparatide alone enhanced FAK phosphorylation.
In plain wordsIn an animal model, local abaloparatide alone increased FAK phosphorylation in the alveolar periosteum.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseFAK phosphorylation
Study
n: not reported in source
alveolar periosteum
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · local injectionAs given in this study.
Source sentences
Summary
Local injection of ABL alone enhances cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, and phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in the alveolar periosteum
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4089014106
04LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In periosteal stem cells in vitro, abaloparatide enhanced proliferation.
In plain wordsIn cells, abaloparatide enhanced periosteal stem cell proliferation.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseCell proliferation
Study
n: not reported in source
periosteal stem cells
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In vitro, ABL enhances proliferation, migration, and FAK phosphorylation in periosteal stem cells.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4089014108
05LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome
In periosteal stem cells in vitro, abaloparatide enhanced migration.
In plain wordsIn cells, abaloparatide enhanced periosteal stem cell migration.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseCell migration
Study
n: not reported in source
periosteal stem cells
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In vitro, ABL enhances proliferation, migration, and FAK phosphorylation in periosteal stem cells.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4089014109
06LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In periosteal stem cells in vitro, abaloparatide enhanced FAK phosphorylation.
In plain wordsIn cells, abaloparatide enhanced FAK phosphorylation in periosteal stem cells.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseFAK phosphorylation
Study
n: not reported in source
periosteal stem cells
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
In vitro, ABL enhances proliferation, migration, and FAK phosphorylation in periosteal stem cells.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4089014110

Studies that did not test the peptide alone5

In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).

07AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In an in vivo alveolar bone model, abaloparatide combined with mechanical force promoted local alveolar bone thickening.
In plain wordsIn an animal model, abaloparatide with mechanical force promoted local alveolar bone thickening.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseAlveolar bone thickness
Study
n: not reported in source
alveolar bone with mechanical force
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Herein, we show that intraoral submucosal injection of ABL, when combined with mechanical force, promotes in situ alveolar bone thickening.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4089014101
08AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In an in vivo alveolar bone model, new bone after abaloparatide with mechanical force lay mainly outside original compact bone, suggesting periosteal origin.
In plain wordsIn an animal model, new bone after abaloparatide with mechanical force lay mainly outside original bone, suggesting a periosteal origin.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
Not applicableLocation of new bone
Study
n: not reported in source
alveolar bone with mechanical force
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
The newly formed bone is primarily located outside the original compact bone, implying its origin from the periosteum.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Herein, we show that intraoral submucosal injection of ABL, when combined with mechanical force, promotes in situ alveolar bone thickening.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4089014102
09AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In an in vivo alveolar model, abaloparatide with mechanical force increased FAK expression alongside ossification.
In plain wordsIn an animal model, abaloparatide with mechanical force increased FAK expression alongside bone formation.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseFAK expression
Study
n: not reported in source
alveolar periosteum with mechanical force
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
when ABL is combined with mechanical force, the FAK expression is upregulated, in line with the accomplishment of the ossification.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4089014107
10AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In an in vivo alveolar bone model, a specific FAK inhibitor completely blocked the pro-osteogenic effects of abaloparatide.
In plain wordsIn an animal model, a FAK inhibitor completely blocked the bone-forming effects of abaloparatide.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
DecreaseFAK dependence of osteogenesis
Study
n: not reported in source
alveolar bone with FAK inhibition
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Furthermore, the pro-osteogenic effects of ABL on alveolar bone are entirely blocked when FAK activity is inhibited by a specific inhibitor.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4089014111
11Computer modelNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneIn silicoMechanism
In alveolar bone RNA sequencing analysis, the focal adhesion pathway potentially mediated bone formation associated with abaloparatide and mechanical force.
In plain wordsIn computer analysis of alveolar bone RNA data, the focal adhesion pathway potentially mediated bone formation with abaloparatide and mechanical force.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
Not applicableFocal adhesion pathway
Study
n: not reported in source
RNA sequencing pathway analysis of alveolar bone
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
RNA sequencing of the alveolar bone tissue revealed that the focal adhesion (FA) pathway potentially mediates this bioprocess.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Herein, we show that intraoral submucosal injection of ABL, when combined with mechanical force, promotes in situ alveolar bone thickening.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-4089014103

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
22 Oct 2026, 02:25 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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MeSH terms

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