Expression Patterns of MOTS-c in Adrenal Tumors: Results from a Preliminary Study.

Kamiński K, Blatkiewicz M, Szyszka M, Olechnowicz A, Komarowska H, Klimont A, Wierzbicki T, Karczewski M, Ruchała M, Rucinski M

International journal of molecular sciences9 Aug 2024Cited by 2 (Europe PMC)

PMID39201408PMCIDPMC11354279DOI10.3390/ijms25168721PepBankPUB-39201408

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Summary

Adrenal tumors, such as adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), adrenocortical adenoma (ACA), and pheochromocytoma (PCC) are complex diseases with unclear causes and treatments. Mitochondria and mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) are crucial for cancer cell survival. The primary aim of this study was to analyze samples from different adrenal diseases, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma, and pheochromocytoma, and compare them with normal adrenal tissue to determine whether the expression levels of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) gene and protein vary between different types of adrenal tumors compared to healthy controls using qPCR, ELISA, and IHC methods. Results showed decreased MOTS-c mRNA expression in all adrenal tumors compared to controls, while serum MOTS-c protein levels increased in ACA and PCC but not in ACC. The local distribution of MOTS-c protein in adrenal tissue was reduced in all tumors. Notably, MOTS-c protein expression declined with ACC progression (stages III and IV) but was unrelated to patient age or sex. Tumor size and testosterone levels positively correlated with MOTS-c mRNA but negatively with serum MOTS-c protein. Additionally, serum MOTS-c protein correlated positively with glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and SHGB levels. These findings suggest disrupted expression of MOTS-c in the spectrum of adrenal diseases, which might be caused by mechanisms involving increased mitochondrial dysfunction and structural changes in the tissue associated with disease progression. This study provides a detailed examination of MOTS-c mRNA and protein in adrenal tumors, indicating the potential role of MDPs in tumor biology and progression.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study11

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured11

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

01HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In people with adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma or pheochromocytoma, MOTS‑c mRNA expression was lower than in controls.
In plain wordsIn people with adrenal tumors, the body's own MOTS‑c gene activity was lower than in healthy controls.
Peptide
MOTS-c
Outcome
DecreaseMOTS-c mRNA expression in adrenal tumors
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Normal adrenal tissue / healthy controls
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Results showed decreased MOTS-c mRNA expression in all adrenal tumors compared to controls, while serum MOTS-c protein levels increased in ACA and PCC but not in ACC.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
analyze samples from different adrenal diseases, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma, and pheochromocytoma, and compare them with normal adrenal tissue to determine whether the expression levels of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) gene and protein vary between different types of adrenal tumors compared to healthy controls
This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3920140801
02HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In people with adrenocortical adenoma or pheochromocytoma, serum MOTS‑c protein levels were higher than in controls.
In plain wordsIn people with two types of adrenal tumor, the body's own MOTS‑c in blood was higher than in healthy controls.
Peptide
MOTS-c
Outcome
IncreaseSerum MOTS-c protein in adenoma and pheochromocytoma
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Healthy controls
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Results showed decreased MOTS-c mRNA expression in all adrenal tumors compared to controls, while serum MOTS-c protein levels increased in ACA and PCC but not in ACC.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
analyze samples from different adrenal diseases, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma, and pheochromocytoma, and compare them with normal adrenal tissue to determine whether the expression levels of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) gene and protein vary between different types of adrenal tumors compared to healthy controls
This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3920140802
03HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In people with adrenocortical carcinoma, serum MOTS‑c protein levels did not increase.
In plain wordsIn people with adrenocortical carcinoma, the body's own MOTS‑c in blood did not rise.
Peptide
MOTS-c
Outcome
No significant changeSerum MOTS-c protein in adrenocortical carcinoma
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Healthy controls
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Results showed decreased MOTS-c mRNA expression in all adrenal tumors compared to controls, while serum MOTS-c protein levels increased in ACA and PCC but not in ACC.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
analyze samples from different adrenal diseases, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma, and pheochromocytoma, and compare them with normal adrenal tissue to determine whether the expression levels of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) gene and protein vary between different types of adrenal tumors compared to healthy controls
This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3920140803
04HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
The local distribution of MOTS‑c protein in adrenal tissue was reduced in all tumor types.
In plain wordsIn adrenal tumor tissue, the body's own MOTS‑c protein was lower than in normal tissue.
Peptide
MOTS-c
Outcome
DecreaseMOTS-c protein distribution in adrenal tissue
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Normal adrenal tissue
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
The local distribution of MOTS-c protein in adrenal tissue was reduced in all tumors.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
analyze samples from different adrenal diseases, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma, and pheochromocytoma, and compare them with normal adrenal tissue to determine whether the expression levels of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) gene and protein vary between different types of adrenal tumors compared to healthy controls
This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3920140804
05HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
In adrenocortical carcinoma, MOTS‑c protein expression declined with disease progression to stages III and IV.
In plain wordsIn adrenocortical carcinoma, the body's own MOTS‑c protein fell as the cancer advanced.
Peptide
MOTS-c
Outcome
DecreaseMOTS-c protein expression by ACC stage
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Notably, MOTS-c protein expression declined with ACC progression (stages III and IV)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
analyze samples from different adrenal diseases, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma, and pheochromocytoma, and compare them with normal adrenal tissue to determine whether the expression levels of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) gene and protein vary between different types of adrenal tumors compared to healthy controls
This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3920140805
06HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
MOTS‑c protein expression was unrelated to patient age or sex.
In plain wordsThe body's own MOTS‑c protein level was not linked to patient age or sex.
Peptide
MOTS-c
Outcome
No significant changeMOTS-c protein expression and patient age or sex
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
but was unrelated to patient age or sex.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
analyze samples from different adrenal diseases, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma, and pheochromocytoma, and compare them with normal adrenal tissue to determine whether the expression levels of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) gene and protein vary between different types of adrenal tumors compared to healthy controls
This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3920140806
07HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
Tumor size correlated positively with MOTS‑c mRNA expression.
In plain wordsLarger tumors were linked to higher activity of the body's own MOTS‑c gene.
Peptide
MOTS-c
Outcome
IncreaseCorrelation of tumor size with MOTS-c mRNA
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Tumor size and testosterone levels positively correlated with MOTS-c mRNA but negatively with serum MOTS-c protein.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
analyze samples from different adrenal diseases, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma, and pheochromocytoma, and compare them with normal adrenal tissue to determine whether the expression levels of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) gene and protein vary between different types of adrenal tumors compared to healthy controls
This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3920140807
08HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
Tumor size correlated negatively with serum MOTS‑c protein.
In plain wordsLarger tumors were linked to lower levels of the body's own MOTS‑c in blood.
Peptide
MOTS-c
Outcome
DecreaseCorrelation of tumor size with serum MOTS-c protein
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Tumor size and testosterone levels positively correlated with MOTS-c mRNA but negatively with serum MOTS-c protein.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
analyze samples from different adrenal diseases, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma, and pheochromocytoma, and compare them with normal adrenal tissue to determine whether the expression levels of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) gene and protein vary between different types of adrenal tumors compared to healthy controls
This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3920140808
09HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
Testosterone levels correlated positively with MOTS‑c mRNA expression.
In plain wordsHigher testosterone was linked to higher activity of the body's own MOTS‑c gene.
Peptide
MOTS-c
Outcome
IncreaseCorrelation of testosterone with MOTS-c mRNA
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Tumor size and testosterone levels positively correlated with MOTS-c mRNA but negatively with serum MOTS-c protein.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
analyze samples from different adrenal diseases, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma, and pheochromocytoma, and compare them with normal adrenal tissue to determine whether the expression levels of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) gene and protein vary between different types of adrenal tumors compared to healthy controls
This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3920140809
10HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
Testosterone levels correlated negatively with serum MOTS‑c protein.
In plain wordsHigher testosterone was linked to lower levels of the body's own MOTS‑c in blood.
Peptide
MOTS-c
Outcome
DecreaseCorrelation of testosterone with serum MOTS-c protein
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Mitochondrial function · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
Tumor size and testosterone levels positively correlated with MOTS-c mRNA but negatively with serum MOTS-c protein.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
analyze samples from different adrenal diseases, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma, and pheochromocytoma, and compare them with normal adrenal tissue to determine whether the expression levels of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) gene and protein vary between different types of adrenal tumors compared to healthy controls
This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3920140810
11HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther
Serum MOTS‑c protein correlated positively with glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and SHBG levels.
In plain wordsHigher levels of the body's own MOTS‑c in blood were linked to higher glucose, cholesterol and SHBG.
Peptide
MOTS-c
Outcome
IncreaseCorrelation of serum MOTS-c protein with glucose, lipids and SHBG
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Additionally, serum MOTS-c protein correlated positively with glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and SHGB levels.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
analyze samples from different adrenal diseases, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenocortical adenoma, and pheochromocytoma, and compare them with normal adrenal tissue to determine whether the expression levels of the mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) gene and protein vary between different types of adrenal tumors compared to healthy controls
This result measures the body's own MOTS-c. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3920140811

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
10 Oct 2026, 08:19 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 02:47 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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