Optimal Intermittent Administration Interval of Abaloparatide for Bone Morphogenetic Protein-Induced Bone Formation in a Rat Spinal Fusion Model.

Abe T, Miyazaki M, Sako N, Kanezaki S, Tsubouchi Y, Kaku N

International journal of molecular sciences25 Mar 2024Cited by 2 (Europe PMC)

PMID38612467PMCIDPMC11011974DOI10.3390/ijms25073655PepBankPUB-38612467

Summary

Both bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and abaloparatide are used to promote bone formation. However, there is no consensus about their optimal administration. We investigated the optimal administration theory for the pairing of BMP-2 and abaloparatide in a rat spinal fusion model. Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery. They were euthanized 8 weeks after the surgery, and we explanted their spines at that time. We assessed them using manual palpation tests, radiography, high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and histological analysis. We also analyzed serum bone metabolism markers. The fusion rate in Groups III and IV was higher than in Group I, referring to the manual palpation tests. Groups III and IV recorded greater radiographic scores than those in Groups I and II, too. Micro-CT analysis showed that Tbs. Sp in Groups III and IV was significantly lower than in Group I. Tb. N in Group IV was significantly higher than in Group I. Serum marker analysis showed that bone formation markers were higher in Groups III and IV than in Group I. On the other hand, bone resorption markers were lower in Group IV than in Group I. A histological analysis showed enhanced trabecular bone osteogenesis in Group IV. Frequent administration of abaloparatide may be suitable for the thickening of trabecular bone structure and the enhancement of osteogenesis in a rat spinal fusion model using BMP-2 in insufficient doses.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study13

2 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats receiving BMP-2, adding abaloparatide three times weekly increased radiographic scores versus BMP-2 alone.
In plain wordsIn rats, adding abaloparatide three times weekly increased radiographic scores more than BMP-2 alone.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseRadiographic score, group III versus group II
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Comparator
BMP-2 alone (group II)
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
120 µg/kg per week in three injections · 8 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Groups III and IV recorded greater radiographic scores than those in Groups I and II, too.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246705
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats receiving BMP-2, adding abaloparatide six times weekly increased radiographic scores versus BMP-2 alone.
In plain wordsIn rats, adding abaloparatide six times weekly increased radiographic scores more than BMP-2 alone.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseRadiographic score, group IV versus group II
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Comparator
BMP-2 alone (group II)
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
120 µg/kg per week in six injections · 8 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Groups III and IV recorded greater radiographic scores than those in Groups I and II, too.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246706

Studies that did not test the peptide alone11

In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).

03AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide three times weekly increased fusion rate versus carrier and saline.
In plain wordsIn rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide three times weekly increased spinal fusion more than carrier and saline.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseFusion rate, group III
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Comparator
Carrier and saline (group I)
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
The fusion rate in Groups III and IV was higher than in Group I, referring to the manual palpation tests.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246701
04AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly increased fusion rate versus carrier and saline.
In plain wordsIn rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly increased spinal fusion more than carrier and saline.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseFusion rate, group IV
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Comparator
Carrier and saline (group I)
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
The fusion rate in Groups III and IV was higher than in Group I, referring to the manual palpation tests.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246702
05AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide three times weekly increased radiographic scores versus carrier and saline.
In plain wordsIn rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide three times weekly increased radiographic scores more than carrier and saline.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseRadiographic score, group III versus group I
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Comparator
Carrier and saline (group I)
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Groups III and IV recorded greater radiographic scores than those in Groups I and II, too.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246703
06AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly increased radiographic scores versus carrier and saline.
In plain wordsIn rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly increased radiographic scores more than carrier and saline.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseRadiographic score, group IV versus group I
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Comparator
Carrier and saline (group I)
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Groups III and IV recorded greater radiographic scores than those in Groups I and II, too.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246704
07AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide three times weekly reduced trabecular separation versus carrier and saline.
In plain wordsIn rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide three times weekly reduced spacing between bone struts compared with carrier and saline.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
DecreaseTrabecular separation, group III
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Comparator
Carrier and saline (group I)
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Micro-CT analysis showed that Tbs. Sp in Groups III and IV was significantly lower than in Group I.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246707
08AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly reduced trabecular separation versus carrier and saline.
In plain wordsIn rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly reduced spacing between bone struts compared with carrier and saline.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
DecreaseTrabecular separation, group IV
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Comparator
Carrier and saline (group I)
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Micro-CT analysis showed that Tbs. Sp in Groups III and IV was significantly lower than in Group I.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246708
09AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly increased trabecular number versus carrier and saline.
In plain wordsIn rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly increased the number of bone struts compared with carrier and saline.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseTrabecular number, group IV
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Comparator
Carrier and saline (group I)
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Tb. N in Group IV was significantly higher than in Group I.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246709
10AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide three times weekly increased bone formation markers versus carrier and saline.
In plain wordsIn rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide three times weekly increased bone formation markers more than carrier and saline.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseBone formation markers, group III
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Comparator
Carrier and saline (group I)
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Serum marker analysis showed that bone formation markers were higher in Groups III and IV than in Group I.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246710
11AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly increased bone formation markers versus carrier and saline.
In plain wordsIn rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly increased bone formation markers more than carrier and saline.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseBone formation markers, group IV
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Comparator
Carrier and saline (group I)
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
Serum marker analysis showed that bone formation markers were higher in Groups III and IV than in Group I.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246711
12AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly reduced bone resorption markers versus carrier and saline.
In plain wordsIn rats, BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly reduced bone breakdown markers compared with carrier and saline.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
DecreaseBone resorption markers, group IV
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Comparator
Carrier and saline (group I)
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
On the other hand, bone resorption markers were lower in Group IV than in Group I.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246712
13AnimalNot a test of Abaloparatide (Tymlos) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In rats, histology showed enhanced trabecular bone osteogenesis with BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly.
In plain wordsIn rats, histology showed increased spongy bone formation with BMP-2 plus abaloparatide six times weekly.
Peptide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos)
Outcome
IncreaseTrabecular osteogenesis, group IV
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Rat spinal fusion model
Outcome group
Bone and joint · Musculoskeletal
Source sentences
Summary
A histological analysis showed enhanced trabecular bone osteogenesis in Group IV.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Group I was only implanted in carriers and saline. Carriers with 3 µg of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) were implanted in other groups. Abaloparatide injections were administered three times a week for group III (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) and six times a week for group IV (for a total amount of 120 µg/kg in a week) after surgery.
In this study, Abaloparatide (Tymlos) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Abaloparatide (Tymlos).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3861246713

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
22 Oct 2026, 02:25 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 18:59 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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