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Study · Observational study · 2023

7 results

Thymosin α1 modulated the immune landscape of COVID-19 patients revealed by single-cell RNA and TCR sequencing.

Bai H, Liang L, Qi X, Xu Y, Liu Y, Ren D, Cai Z, Mao W, Wang X, Qin H, Hu F, Shi B

International immunopharmacology26 Sept 2023Cited by 2 (Europe PMC)

PMID37769533 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110983 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-37769533
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

7 results from studies that gave the peptide. 7 results from people.

  1. 01HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, the proportion of CD3+ KLRD1+ NKT cells was higher with thymosin alpha‑1 treatment than without.

    In plain wordsIn people with COVID-19, those given thymosin alpha‑1 had a higher share of one type of NKT immune cell than those not given it.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseCD3+ KLRD1+ NKT proportion in COVID-19 patients
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    COVID-19 patients without Tα1
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The proportion of CD3+ KLRD1+ NKT, TBX21+ CD8+ NKT was observed to increase in COVID-19 patients with Tα1 treatment (COVT) than those without Tα1 (COV) (p = 0.024; p = 0.010).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Participants with or without Tα1 treatment were recruited.
    Summary · context
    33 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals (COV) and 11 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study.
  2. 02HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In people with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, the proportion of TBX21+ CD8+ NKT cells was higher with thymosin alpha‑1 treatment than without.

    In plain wordsIn people with COVID-19, those given thymosin alpha‑1 had a higher share of another type of NKT immune cell than those not given it.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseTBX21+ CD8+ NKT proportion in COVID-19 patients
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    COVID-19 patients without Tα1
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The proportion of CD3+ KLRD1+ NKT, TBX21+ CD8+ NKT was observed to increase in COVID-19 patients with Tα1 treatment (COVT) than those without Tα1 (COV) (p = 0.024; p = 0.010).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Participants with or without Tα1 treatment were recruited.
    Summary · context
    33 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals (COV) and 11 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study.
  3. 03HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In healthy controls, the proportion of CD3+ KLRD1+ NKT cells was higher with thymosin alpha‑1 treatment than without.

    In plain wordsIn healthy people, those given thymosin alpha‑1 had a higher share of one type of NKT immune cell than those not given it.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseCD3+ KLRD1+ NKT proportion in healthy controls
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Healthy controls without Tα1
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    These two clusters were also significantly higher in Health controls with Tα1 treatment (HCT) than those without Tα1 (HC) (p = 0.016; p = 0.031).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Participants with or without Tα1 treatment were recruited.
    Summary · context
    33 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals (COV) and 11 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study.
  4. 04HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In healthy controls, the proportion of TBX21+ CD8+ NKT cells was higher with thymosin alpha‑1 treatment than without.

    In plain wordsIn healthy people, those given thymosin alpha‑1 had a higher share of another type of NKT immune cell than those not given it.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseTBX21+ CD8+ NKT proportion in healthy controls
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Healthy controls without Tα1
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    These two clusters were also significantly higher in Health controls with Tα1 treatment (HCT) than those without Tα1 (HC) (p = 0.016; p = 0.031).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Participants with or without Tα1 treatment were recruited.
    Summary · context
    33 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals (COV) and 11 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study.
  5. 05HumanObservational studyMechanism

    In TBX21+ CD8+ NKT cells, genes and pathways related to immune responses, such as KLRB1, PRF1 and the natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity pathway, were more enriched in thymosin alpha‑1 groups.

    In plain wordsIn people given thymosin alpha‑1, immune-related genes and pathways were more active in one type of NKT cell than in people not given it.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseImmune-response gene and pathway enrichment in TBX21+ CD8+ NKT cells
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Groups without Tα1
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Besides, a series of genes and pathways related to immune responses were significantly higher enriched in Tα1 groups TBX21+ CD8+ NKT, such as KLRB1, PRF1, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Participants with or without Tα1 treatment were recruited.
    Summary · context
    33 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals (COV) and 11 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study.
  6. 06HumanObservational studyMechanism

    The TRBV9-TRBJ1-1 T cell receptor pair increased in both healthy controls and COVID-19 patients after thymosin alpha‑1 treatment.

    In plain wordsAfter thymosin alpha‑1, one T cell receptor pair became more common in both healthy people and people with COVID-19.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseTRBV9-TRBJ1-1 pair frequency
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The increased TRBV9-TRBJ1-1 pair existed in both HCs and COVID-19 patients after Tα1 treatment.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Participants with or without Tα1 treatment were recruited.
    Summary · context
    33 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals (COV) and 11 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study.
  7. 07HumanObservational studyMechanism

    No CDR3 nucleotides were shared between thymosin alpha‑1-treated COVID-19 patients and treated controls, versus 1389 shared between untreated groups, and the authors read this as greater T cell receptor clone diversity.

    In plain wordsPeople given thymosin alpha‑1 shared no T cell receptor sequences across groups, unlike untreated groups, which the authors read as more diverse clones.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseT cell receptor clone diversity (shared CDR3 nucleotides)
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Groups without Tα1
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    common CDR3 nucleotides, untreated COV and HC
    1389 count
    COV and HC
    common CDR3 nucleotides, treated COVT and HCT
    0 count
    COVT and HCT

    Source sentences

    Summary
    1389 common complementarity determining region 3 nucleotides (CDR 3 nt) were found in COV and HC, while 0 CDR 3 nt was common in COVT and HCT.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    stimulated the diversity of TCR clones in COVT and HCT.
    Summary · context
    Participants with or without Tα1 treatment were recruited.
    Summary · context
    33 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals (COV) and 11 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    10 Oct 2026, 08:19 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:02 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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