AICAR Improves Outcomes of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Induced by High-Fat Diet in C57Bl/6 Male Mice.

Tukhovskaya EA, Shaykhutdinova ER, Pakhomova IA, Slashcheva GA, Goryacheva NA, Sadovnikova ES, Rasskazova EA, Kazakov VA, Dyachenko IA, Frolova AA, Brovkin AN, Kaluzhsky VE, Beburov MY, Murashev AN

International journal of molecular sciences11 Dec 2022Cited by 10 (Europe PMC)

PMID36555360PMCIDPMC9778872DOI10.3390/ijms232415719PepBankPUB-36555360

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Summary

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of AMP-activated protein kinase activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) on the consequences of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes induced by the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) in male C57Bl/6 mice. Additionally, the animals from group 6 were administered Methotrexate (MTX) at a dose of 1 mg/kg in parallel with AICAR, which slows down the metabolism of AICAR. The animals were recorded with signs of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus by recording their body weights, glucose and insulin levels, and the calculating HOMA-IRs. At the end of the study, at the end of the 13th week, during necropsy, the internal organs were assessed, the masses of the organs were recorded, and special attention was paid to visceral fat, assessing its amount and the mass of the fat surrounding epididymis. The biochemical parameters and histology of the internal organs and tissues were assessed. The animals showed signs of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, namely, weight gain, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, an increase in the amount and mass of abdominal fat, and metabolic disorders, all expressed in a pathological change in biochemical parameters and pathological changes in internal organs. The AICAR treatment led to a decrease in body weight, a decrease in the amount and mass of abdominal fat, and an improvement in the pathomorphological picture of internal organs. However, some hepatotoxic effects were observed when the animals, on a received standard diet (STD), were treated with AICAR starting from the first day of the study. The additional administration of MTX, an AICAR metabolic inhibitor, did not improve its efficacy. Thus, AICAR has therapeutic potential for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study6

5 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In male mice with diet-induced metabolic syndrome and diabetes, AICAR treatment decreased body weight.
In plain wordsIn mice with diet-induced metabolic disease, AICAR treatment decreased body weight.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
DecreaseBody weight
Study
mousen: not reported in source
male C57Bl/6 mice
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
The AICAR treatment led to a decrease in body weight, a decrease in the amount and mass of abdominal fat, and an improvement in the pathomorphological picture of internal organs.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of AMP-activated protein kinase activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) on the consequences of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes induced by the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) in male C57Bl/6 mice.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3655536001
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In male mice with diet-induced metabolic syndrome and diabetes, AICAR decreased the amount of abdominal fat.
In plain wordsIn mice with diet-induced metabolic disease, AICAR decreased the amount of abdominal fat.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
DecreaseAbdominal fat amount
Study
mousen: not reported in source
male C57Bl/6 mice
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
The AICAR treatment led to a decrease in body weight, a decrease in the amount and mass of abdominal fat, and an improvement in the pathomorphological picture of internal organs.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of AMP-activated protein kinase activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) on the consequences of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes induced by the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) in male C57Bl/6 mice.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3655536002
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In male mice with diet-induced metabolic syndrome and diabetes, AICAR decreased abdominal fat mass.
In plain wordsIn mice with diet-induced metabolic disease, AICAR decreased abdominal fat mass.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
DecreaseAbdominal fat mass
Study
mousen: not reported in source
male C57Bl/6 mice
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
The AICAR treatment led to a decrease in body weight, a decrease in the amount and mass of abdominal fat, and an improvement in the pathomorphological picture of internal organs.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of AMP-activated protein kinase activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) on the consequences of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes induced by the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) in male C57Bl/6 mice.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3655536003
04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In male mice with diet-induced metabolic syndrome and diabetes, AICAR improved internal organ pathology.
In plain wordsIn mice with diet-induced metabolic disease, AICAR improved internal organ pathology.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
DecreaseInternal organ pathology
Study
mousen: not reported in source
male C57Bl/6 mice
Outcome group
Organ injury · Whole body
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
The AICAR treatment led to a decrease in body weight, a decrease in the amount and mass of abdominal fat, and an improvement in the pathomorphological picture of internal organs.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of AMP-activated protein kinase activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) on the consequences of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes induced by the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) in male C57Bl/6 mice.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3655536004
05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Safety outcome
In standard-diet mice treated from the first day, AICAR produced some hepatotoxic effects.
In plain wordsIn mice on a standard diet, AICAR treatment from the first day produced some liver toxicity.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
Not applicableHepatotoxicity
Study
mousen: not reported in source
male C57Bl/6 mice
Outcome group
Adverse events · Liver
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
However, some hepatotoxic effects were observed when the animals, on a received standard diet (STD), were treated with AICAR starting from the first day of the study.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of AMP-activated protein kinase activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) on the consequences of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes induced by the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) in male C57Bl/6 mice.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3655536005

Studies that did not test the peptide alone1

In this study, AICAR (acadesine) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking AICAR (acadesine).

06AnimalNot a test of AICAR (acadesine) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In mice, adding MTX to AICAR did not improve AICAR efficacy.
In plain wordsIn mice, adding MTX did not improve efficacy compared with AICAR alone.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
Direction not reportedEfficacy with added methotrexate
Study
mousen: not reported in source
male C57Bl/6 mice
Comparator
AICAR without added MTX
Outcome group
Overall treatment effect · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
The additional administration of MTX, an AICAR metabolic inhibitor, did not improve its efficacy.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Additionally, the animals from group 6 were administered Methotrexate (MTX) at a dose of 1 mg/kg in parallel with AICAR, which slows down the metabolism of AICAR.
Summary · context
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of AMP-activated protein kinase activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) on the consequences of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes induced by the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) in male C57Bl/6 mice.
In this study, AICAR (acadesine) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking AICAR (acadesine).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3655536006

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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Terms as the source lists them.

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