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Study · Systematic review · n = 5,352 · 2023

4 results

Thymosin alpha1 use in adult COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis on clinical outcomes.

Shang W, Zhang B, Ren Y, Wang W, Zhou D, Li Y

International immunopharmacology13 Dec 2022Cited by 5 (Europe PMC)

PMID36527881 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC9754924 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109584 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-36527881
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study4

4 results from studies that gave the peptide. 4 results from people.

  1. 01HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In adults with COVID-19, thymosin alpha‑1 therapy had no statistically significant effect on mortality in the pooled analysis.

    In plain wordsIn adults with COVID-19, thymosin alpha‑1 did not significantly change the risk of death in pooled studies.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant changeMortality, all studies
    Study

    n = 5,352

    Outcome group
    Mortality · Infection
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    RR
    1.03 ratio
    all studies

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Meta-analysis results indicated that Ta1 therapy had no statistically significant effect on mortality [RR 1.03 (0.60, 1.75), p = 0.92, I2 = 90 %].
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    A total of 9 studies were included, on a total of 5352 (Ta1 = 1152, control = 4200) patient outcomes.
  2. 02HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In adults with COVID-19, a mortality benefit was seen in the subgroup of studies with mean age over 60 years in the thymosin alpha‑1 group.

    In plain wordsIn adults with COVID-19, fewer deaths were seen in the studies with a mean age over 60 years in the thymosin alpha‑1 group.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    DecreaseMortality in studies with mean age over 60 years
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Mortality · Infection
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    RR
    0.68 ratio
    mean age over 60 years

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the beneficial effect in mortality was associated with mean age＞60 years in the Tα1 group [RR 0.68 (0.58, 0.78)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    A total of 9 studies were included, on a total of 5352 (Ta1 = 1152, control = 4200) patient outcomes.
  3. 03HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In adults with COVID-19, a mortality benefit was seen in the subgroup of studies with a proportion of females of 40% or less in the thymosin alpha‑1 group.

    In plain wordsIn adults with COVID-19, fewer deaths were seen in the studies with a low share of women in the thymosin alpha‑1 group.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    DecreaseMortality in studies with 40% or fewer females
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Mortality · Infection
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    RR
    0.67 ratio
    female proportion 40% or less

    Source sentences

    Summary
    the proportion of female ≤ 40 % in the Tα1 group [RR 0.67 (0.58, 0.77)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    A total of 9 studies were included, on a total of 5352 (Ta1 = 1152, control = 4200) patient outcomes.
  4. 04HumanSystematic reviewEfficacy outcome

    In adults with severe or critical COVID-19, a mortality benefit was seen with thymosin alpha‑1 in the subgroup analysis.

    In plain wordsIn adults with severe or critical COVID-19, fewer deaths were seen with thymosin alpha‑1 in a subgroup analysis.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    DecreaseMortality in severe or critical COVID-19
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Mortality · Infection
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    RR
    0.66 ratio
    severe/critical COVID-19

    Source sentences

    Summary
    severe/critical COVID-19 patients [RR 0.66 (0.57, 0.76)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    A total of 9 studies were included, on a total of 5352 (Ta1 = 1152, control = 4200) patient outcomes.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:02 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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