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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 2022

5 results

Prothymosin α and its C-Terminal Immunoreactive Decapeptide Show No Evidence of Acute Toxicity: A Preliminary In Silico, In Vitro and In Vivo Investigation.

Birmpilis AI, Vitsos P, Kostopoulos IV, Williams L, Ioannou K, Samara P, Karachaliou CE, Voutsas IF, Alyfanti E, Angelis N, Gavalas NG, Gkraikou T and 13 more

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Kappa N, Klagkou E, Klimentzou P, Nikou S, Papaioannou NE, Skopeliti M, Toukli D, Dimopoulos MA, Bamias A, Livaniou E, Kalbacher H, Tsitsilonis OE, Voelter W

Current medicinal chemistry1 Jan 2022Cited by 1 (Europe PMC)

PMID34789121 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.2174/0929867328666211117093401 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-34789121
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study5

5 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Safety outcome

    In immunocompetent mice, thymosin alpha‑1 at doses equivalent to the suggested human regimen caused no signs of acute toxicity.

    In plain wordsIn mice, thymosin alpha‑1 at doses matching the suggested human regimen caused no signs of acute toxicity.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant changeSigns of acute toxicity
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    immunocompetent mice, acute toxicity model
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Whole body
    Studied dose
    doses equivalent to the suggested dose regimen of Tα1 in humansAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    mice injected with proTα, proTα(100-109) and Tα1 at doses equivalent to the suggested dose regimen of Tα1 in humans, did not show signs of acute toxicity
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In view of the eventual use of proTα and proTα(100-109) in humans, we investigated their safety profile in silico, in human leukocytes and cancer cell lines in vitro, and in immunocompetent mice in vivo, in comparison to the proTα derivative thymosin alpha 1 (Τα1), a 28-mer peptide extensively studi…
  2. 02LabIn vitro (cells)Safety outcome

    In vitro, thymosin alpha‑1 did not affect the viability of human cancer cell lines or healthy donor-derived leukocytes.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, thymosin alpha‑1 did not change the survival of human cancer cells or donor white blood cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant changeCell viability
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    human cancer cell lines and healthy donor-derived leukocytes
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In vitro, pro- Tα, proTα(100-109) and Tα1 did not affect the viability of human cancer cell lines and healthy donor-derived leukocytes
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In view of the eventual use of proTα and proTα(100-109) in humans, we investigated their safety profile in silico, in human leukocytes and cancer cell lines in vitro, and in immunocompetent mice in vivo, in comparison to the proTα derivative thymosin alpha 1 (Τα1), a 28-mer peptide extensively studi…
  3. 03LabIn vitro (cells)Safety outcome

    In vitro, thymosin alpha‑1 did not promote apoptosis in human cancer cell lines or healthy donor-derived leukocytes.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, thymosin alpha‑1 did not push human cancer cells or donor white blood cells to die.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant changeApoptosis
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    human cancer cell lines and healthy donor-derived leukocytes
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In vitro, pro- Tα, proTα(100-109) and Tα1 did not affect the viability of human cancer cell lines and healthy donor-derived leukocytes, did not promote apoptosis or alter cell cycle distribution.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In view of the eventual use of proTα and proTα(100-109) in humans, we investigated their safety profile in silico, in human leukocytes and cancer cell lines in vitro, and in immunocompetent mice in vivo, in comparison to the proTα derivative thymosin alpha 1 (Τα1), a 28-mer peptide extensively studi…
  4. 04LabIn vitro (cells)Safety outcome

    In vitro, thymosin alpha‑1 did not alter cell cycle distribution in human cancer cell lines or healthy donor-derived leukocytes.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, thymosin alpha‑1 did not change how human cancer cells or donor white blood cells moved through the cell cycle.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant changeCell cycle distribution
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    human cancer cell lines and healthy donor-derived leukocytes
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In vitro, pro- Tα, proTα(100-109) and Tα1 did not affect the viability of human cancer cell lines and healthy donor-derived leukocytes, did not promote apoptosis or alter cell cycle distribution.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In view of the eventual use of proTα and proTα(100-109) in humans, we investigated their safety profile in silico, in human leukocytes and cancer cell lines in vitro, and in immunocompetent mice in vivo, in comparison to the proTα derivative thymosin alpha 1 (Τα1), a 28-mer peptide extensively studi…
  5. 05Computer modelIn silicoSafety outcome

    In silico prediction classed the thymosin alpha‑1 sequence, with proTα and proTα(100-109), as likely non-toxic and not inducing allergic regions.

    In plain wordsIn computer predictions, thymosin alpha‑1 looked unlikely to be toxic or to cause allergic reactions.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant changePredicted toxicity and allergenicity
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    computational toxicity and allergenicity prediction tools
    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In silico prediction via computational tools showed that all three peptide sequences likely are non-toxic or do not induce allergic regions.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In view of the eventual use of proTα and proTα(100-109) in humans, we investigated their safety profile in silico, in human leukocytes and cancer cell lines in vitro, and in immunocompetent mice in vivo, in comparison to the proTα derivative thymosin alpha 1 (Τα1), a 28-mer peptide extensively studi…

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    10 Oct 2026, 08:55 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:02 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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