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Study · Observational study · n = 771 · 2021

6 results

The effect of thymosin α1 on mortality of critical COVID-19 patients: A multicenter retrospective study.

Sun Q, Xie J, Zheng R, Li X, Chen H, Tong Z, Du B, Qiu H, Yang Y

International immunopharmacology31 Oct 2020Cited by 20 (Europe PMC)

PMID33208294 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC7604217 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107143 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-33208294
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

6 results from studies that gave the peptide. 6 results from people.

  1. 01HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In patients with COVID-19, crude 28-day mortality was significantly lower with thymosin α1 (41.3%) than in the control group (60.6%).

    In plain wordsIn people with COVID-19, fewer of those given thymosin α1 died within 28 days than of those not given it, before matching.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    DecreaseCrude 28-day mortality
    Study

    n = 771

    Comparator
    Control group without thymosin α1
    Analysis
    Primary
    Outcome group
    Mortality · Infection
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    28-day mortality
    41.3%
    thymosin α1 group
    28-day mortality
    60.6%
    control group

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The 28-day mortality in thymosin group was significantly lower than that in control group (41.3% vs. 60.6%, p < 0.001).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patients with COVID-19 from 19 designated hospitals between January 1 to February 29, 2020 were included, and the main exposure of interest was administration of thymosin α1.
  2. 02HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    After propensity score matching, 28-day mortality did not differ between the thymosin α1 group (51.0%) and the control group (52.9%).

    In plain wordsAfter matching similar patients, thymosin α1 made no clear difference to 28-day death rates compared with no thymosin α1.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant change28-day mortality after propensity score matching
    Study

    n = 522

    Comparator
    Control group without thymosin α1
    Analysis
    Primary
    Outcome group
    Mortality · Infection
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    28-day mortality
    51%
    thymosin α1 group
    28-day mortality
    52.9%
    control group

    Source sentences

    Summary
    After PSM 522 patients were included in analysis and the 28-day mortality in thymosin α1 group and control group were 51.0% and 52.9% respectively, with no significant difference.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patients with COVID-19 from 19 designated hospitals between January 1 to February 29, 2020 were included, and the main exposure of interest was administration of thymosin α1.
  3. 03HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In subgroup analysis, thymosin α1 therapy was associated with lower 28-day mortality among male patients (HR 0.673, 95% CI 0.454-0.998).

    In plain wordsIn a subgroup analysis, thymosin α1 was linked to fewer deaths within 28 days among men, compared with no thymosin α1.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    Decrease28-day mortality in male patients
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Control group without thymosin α1
    Outcome group
    Mortality · Infection
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    HR
    0.673 ratio
    male patients

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In subgroup analyses, the association between thymosin α1 therapy and 28-day mortality appeared to be stronger among male patients (HR 0.673, 95% CI 0.454-0.998; p = 0.049).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patients with COVID-19 from 19 designated hospitals between January 1 to February 29, 2020 were included, and the main exposure of interest was administration of thymosin α1.
  4. 04HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    Thymosin α1 therapy showed no benefit on 28-day mortality in the other subgroups.

    In plain wordsIn the other patient subgroups, thymosin α1 made no clear difference to 28-day death rates compared with no thymosin α1.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant change28-day mortality in other subgroups
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Control group without thymosin α1
    Outcome group
    Mortality · Infection
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    There were no benefits of thymosin α1 in 28-day mortality in other subgroups.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patients with COVID-19 from 19 designated hospitals between January 1 to February 29, 2020 were included, and the main exposure of interest was administration of thymosin α1.
  5. 05HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In cluster phenotype 1, thymosin α1 therapy showed no benefit on 28-day mortality (HR 0.823, 95% CI 0.581-1.166).

    In plain wordsIn one group of patients found by cluster analysis, thymosin α1 made no clear difference to death rates.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant change28-day mortality in cluster phenotype 1
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Control group without thymosin α1
    Outcome group
    Mortality · Infection
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    HR
    0.823 ratio
    phenotype 1

    Source sentences

    Summary
    no benefits of thymosin α1 were shown in phenotype 1 (HR 0.823 95% CI 0.581-1.166; p = 0.273)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patients with COVID-19 from 19 designated hospitals between January 1 to February 29, 2020 were included, and the main exposure of interest was administration of thymosin α1.
  6. 06HumanObservational studyEfficacy outcome

    In cluster phenotype 2, thymosin α1 therapy showed no benefit on 28-day mortality (HR 1.148, 95% CI 0.710-1.895).

    In plain wordsIn the other group of patients found by cluster analysis, thymosin α1 made no clear difference to death rates.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant change28-day mortality in cluster phenotype 2
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Control group without thymosin α1
    Outcome group
    Mortality · Infection
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    HR
    1.148 ratio
    phenotype 2

    Source sentences

    Summary
    phenotype 2 (HR 1.148 95% CI 0.710-1.895; p = 0.442)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Patients with COVID-19 from 19 designated hospitals between January 1 to February 29, 2020 were included, and the main exposure of interest was administration of thymosin α1.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    10 Oct 2026, 08:55 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:02 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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