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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 2020

14 results

Topical MTII Therapy Suppresses Melanoma Through PTEN Upregulation and Cyclooxygenase II Inhibition.

Wu JC, Tsai HE, Hsiao YH, Wu JS, Wu CS, Tai MH

International journal of molecular sciences20 Jan 2020Cited by 3 (Europe PMC)

PMID31968661 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC7013727 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.3390/ijms21020681 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-31968661
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Summary

Melanotan II (MTII), a synthetic analogue of the alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), has been applied for skin tanning in humans. However, the carcinogenic consequence of topical MTII has been equivocal. This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo. It was found that, despite a lack of influence on proliferation, MTII potently inhibited the migration, invasion, and colony-forming capability of melanoma cells. Moreover, topical MTII application significantly attenuated the tumor progression in mice bearing established melanoma. Histological analysis revealed that MTII therapy induced apoptosis while inhibiting the proliferation and neovaluarization in melanoma tissues. By immunoblot and immunohistochemical analysis, it was found that MTII dose-dependently increased the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein level while reducing PTEN phosphorylation, which resulted in the inhibition of AKT/nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signaling. Consistently, MTII treatment inhibited cyclooxygenase II (COX-2) expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in melanoma cells. Finally, studies of antibody neutralization suggest that the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) plays a critical role in MTII-induced PTEN upregulation and melanoma suppression. Together, these results indicate that MTII elicits PTEN upregulation via MC1R, thereby suppressing melanoma progression through downregulating COX-2/PGE2 signaling. Hence, topical MTII therapy may facilitate a novel therapeutic strategy against melanoma.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study14

14 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In mice with established melanoma, topical MTII significantly attenuated tumor progression.

    In plain wordsIn mice with melanoma, MTII applied to the skin slowed tumor progression.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreaseMelanoma tumor progression
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Mice bearing established B16-F10 melanoma
    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · topicalAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Moreover, topical MTII application significantly attenuated the tumor progression in mice bearing established melanoma.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In mice with melanoma, MTII therapy induced apoptosis in melanoma tissue.

    In plain wordsIn mice with melanoma, MTII therapy increased cell death in tumor tissue.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseApoptosis in melanoma tissue
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Mice bearing B16-F10 melanoma
    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · topicalAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Histological analysis revealed that MTII therapy induced apoptosis while inhibiting the proliferation and neovaluarization in melanoma tissues.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In mice with melanoma, MTII therapy inhibited proliferation in melanoma tissue.

    In plain wordsIn mice with melanoma, MTII therapy reduced cell multiplication in tumor tissue.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreaseProliferation in melanoma tissue
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Mice bearing B16-F10 melanoma
    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · topicalAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Histological analysis revealed that MTII therapy induced apoptosis while inhibiting the proliferation and neovaluarization in melanoma tissues.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In mice with melanoma, MTII therapy inhibited neovascularization in melanoma tissue.

    In plain wordsIn mice with melanoma, MTII therapy reduced new blood vessel growth in tumor tissue.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreaseNeovascularization in melanoma tissue
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Mice bearing B16-F10 melanoma
    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · topicalAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Histological analysis revealed that MTII therapy induced apoptosis while inhibiting the proliferation and neovaluarization in melanoma tissues.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the B16-F10 melanoma model, MTII dose-dependently increased PTEN protein level.

    In plain wordsIn the mouse melanoma model, MTII raised PTEN protein levels, with a larger rise at higher doses.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreasePTEN protein level
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    B16-F10 melanoma
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    MTII dose-dependently increased the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein level
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the B16-F10 melanoma model, MTII reduced PTEN phosphorylation.

    In plain wordsIn the mouse melanoma model, MTII reduced PTEN phosphorylation.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreasePTEN phosphorylation
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    B16-F10 melanoma
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    while reducing PTEN phosphorylation, which resulted in the inhibition of AKT/nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signaling.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the B16-F10 melanoma model, MTII inhibited AKT/NFκB signaling.

    In plain wordsIn the mouse melanoma model, MTII reduced AKT/NFκB signaling.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreaseAKT/NFkB signaling
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    B16-F10 melanoma
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    which resulted in the inhibition of AKT/nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signaling.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  8. 08LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome

    In B16-F10 melanoma cells, MTII inhibited cell migration.

    In plain wordsIn cells, MTII reduced the ability of melanoma cells to migrate.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreaseMelanoma cell migration
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    B16-F10 melanoma cells
    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    It was found that, despite a lack of influence on proliferation, MTII potently inhibited the migration, invasion, and colony-forming capability of melanoma cells.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  9. 09LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome

    In B16-F10 melanoma cells, MTII inhibited cell invasion.

    In plain wordsIn cells, MTII reduced the ability of melanoma cells to invade.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreaseMelanoma cell invasion
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    B16-F10 melanoma cells
    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    It was found that, despite a lack of influence on proliferation, MTII potently inhibited the migration, invasion, and colony-forming capability of melanoma cells.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  10. 10LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome

    In B16-F10 melanoma cells, MTII inhibited colony-forming capability.

    In plain wordsIn cells, MTII reduced the ability of melanoma cells to form colonies.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreaseMelanoma colony-forming capability
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    B16-F10 melanoma cells
    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    It was found that, despite a lack of influence on proliferation, MTII potently inhibited the migration, invasion, and colony-forming capability of melanoma cells.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  11. 11LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome

    In B16-F10 melanoma cells, MTII had no influence on proliferation.

    In plain wordsIn cells, MTII did not change how fast melanoma cells multiplied.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    No significant changeMelanoma cell proliferation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    B16-F10 melanoma cells
    Outcome group
    Tumor growth · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    It was found that, despite a lack of influence on proliferation, MTII potently inhibited the migration, invasion, and colony-forming capability of melanoma cells.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  12. 12LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In B16-F10 melanoma cells, MTII treatment inhibited COX-2 expression.

    In plain wordsIn cells, MTII reduced the COX-2 level in melanoma cells.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreaseCOX-2 expression
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    B16-F10 melanoma cells
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    MTII treatment inhibited cyclooxygenase II (COX-2) expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in melanoma cells.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  13. 13LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In B16-F10 melanoma cells, MTII treatment inhibited prostaglandin E2 production.

    In plain wordsIn cells, MTII reduced prostaglandin E2 production in melanoma cells.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreaseProstaglandin E2 production
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    B16-F10 melanoma cells
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    MTII treatment inhibited cyclooxygenase II (COX-2) expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in melanoma cells.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.
  14. 14LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In antibody neutralization studies of the melanoma model, MC1R played a critical role in MTII-induced PTEN upregulation and melanoma suppression.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, blocking MC1R with an antibody suggested that MTII needs this receptor to raise PTEN and suppress melanoma.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    Not applicableRole of MC1R in MTII-induced PTEN upregulation and melanoma suppression
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    B16-F10 melanoma, antibody neutralization of MC1R
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cancer
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Finally, studies of antibody neutralization suggest that the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) plays a critical role in MTII-induced PTEN upregulation and melanoma suppression.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    This study aims to delineate the anti-neoplastic efficacy and mechanism of MTII using the B16-F10 melanoma model in vitro and in vivo.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    10 Oct 2026, 09:43 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

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