IL-6 is associated to IGF-1Ec upregulation and Ec peptide secretion, from prostate tumors.

Armakolas A, Dimakakos A, Loukogiannaki C, Armakolas N, Antonopoulos A, Florou C, Tsioli P, Papageorgiou E, Alexandrou TP, Stathaki M, Spinos D, Pektasides D, Patsouris E, Koutsilieris M

Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)15 Mar 2018Cited by 13 (Europe PMC)

PMID30134795PMCIDPMC6016866DOI10.1186/s10020-018-0003-zPepBankPUB-30134795

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Summary

BackgroundEc peptide (PEc), resulting from the proteolytic cleavage of the IGF-1Ec isoform, is involved in prostate cancer progression and metastasis, whereas in muscle tissue, it is associated with the mobilization of satellite cells prior to repair. Our aim is to determine the physiological conditions associated to the IGF-1Ec upregulation and PEc secretion in prostate tumors, as well as, the effect of tumor PEc on tumor repair.MethodsIGF-1 (mature and isoforms) expression was examined by qRT-PCR, both in prostate cancer cells co-incubated with cells of the immune response (IR) and in tumors. PEc secretion was determined by Multiple Reaction Monitoring. The effect of PEc, on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) mobilization and repair, was examined using migration and invasion assays, FISH and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The JAK/STAT signaling pathway leading to the IGF1-Ec expression was examined by western blot analysis. Determination of the expression and localization of IL-6 and IGF-1Ec in prostate tumors was examined by qRT-PCR and by IHC.ResultsWe documented that IL-6 secreted by IR cells activates the JAK2 and STAT3 pathway through IL-6 receptor in cancer cells, leading to the IGF-1Ec upregulation and PEc secretion, as well as to the IL-6 expression and secretion. The resulting PEc, apart from its oncogenic role, also mobilizes MSCs towards the tumor, thus promoting tumor repair.ConclusionsIL-6 leads to the PEc secretion from prostate cancer cells. Apart from its oncogenic role, PEc is also involved in the mobilization of MSCs resulting in tumor repair.

CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study3

1 result from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In cell assays, Ec peptide (PEc) mobilized mesenchymal stem cells towards the tumor, which promotes tumor repair.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, Ec peptide drew stem cells towards a tumor.
Peptide
MGF / PEG-MGF
Outcome
IncreaseMesenchymal stem cell mobilization by PEc
Study
n: not reported in source
mesenchymal stem cells and prostate cancer cells
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
The resulting PEc, apart from its oncogenic role, also mobilizes MSCs towards the tumor, thus promoting tumor repair.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effect of PEc, on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) mobilization and repair, was examined using migration and invasion assays, FISH and immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3013479503

Natural levels measured2

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

02LabEndogenous levelIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In prostate cancer cells, IL-6 secreted by immune response cells activated the JAK2 and STAT3 pathway, which led to IGF-1Ec upregulation.
In plain wordsIn prostate cancer cells in a dish, IL-6 from immune cells raised the body's own IGF-1Ec, the source of Ec peptide.
Peptide
MGF / PEG-MGF
Outcome
IncreaseIGF-1Ec upregulation by IL-6
Study
n: not reported in source
prostate cancer cells
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
We documented that IL-6 secreted by IR cells activates the JAK2 and STAT3 pathway through IL-6 receptor in cancer cells, leading to the IGF-1Ec upregulation and PEc secretion, as well as to the IL-6 expression and secretion.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
IGF-1 (mature and isoforms) expression was examined by qRT-PCR, both in prostate cancer cells co-incubated with cells of the immune response (IR) and in tumors.
This result measures the body's own MGF / PEG-MGF. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3013479501
03LabEndogenous levelIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In prostate cancer cells, IL-6 secreted by immune response cells led to secretion of the body's own Ec peptide (PEc).
In plain wordsIn prostate cancer cells in a dish, IL-6 from immune cells led the cells to release their own Ec peptide.
Peptide
MGF / PEG-MGF
Outcome
IncreaseEc peptide (PEc) secretion by IL-6
Study
n: not reported in source
prostate cancer cells
Outcome group
Tumor growth · Cancer
Source sentences
Summary
We documented that IL-6 secreted by IR cells activates the JAK2 and STAT3 pathway through IL-6 receptor in cancer cells, leading to the IGF-1Ec upregulation and PEc secretion, as well as to the IL-6 expression and secretion.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
PEc secretion was determined by Multiple Reaction Monitoring.
This result measures the body's own MGF / PEG-MGF. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Show in the study text Report a problemFND-3013479502

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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