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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 2017

11 results

Immunopotentiator Thymosin Alpha-1 Promotes Neurogenesis and Cognition in the Developing Mouse via a Systemic Th1 Bias.

Wang G, He F, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhou C, Huang Y, Zou J

Neuroscience bulletin5 Aug 2017Cited by 17 (Europe PMC)

PMID28780644 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC5725380 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1007/s12264-017-0162-x (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-28780644
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study11

11 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In neonatal mice, peripheral Ta1 improved cognitive ability in early life compared with control.

    In plain wordsIn young mice, thymosin alpha‑1 improved thinking and learning tests compared with control.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseCognitive ability in early life
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    neonatal mice
    Comparator
    Control
    Outcome group
    Cognition and memory · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · peripheralAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared with the control group, the Ta1 mice displayed better cognitive abilities in early life.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 (Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investigate the relevant mechanism.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal mice, Ta1 increased the numbers of BrdU+, nestin+, Tbr2+, BrdU+/DCX+, BrdU+/Iba1+ and BrdU+/NeuN+ cells in the hippocampus.

    In plain wordsIn young mice, thymosin alpha‑1 raised the number of new brain cells in the hippocampus compared with control.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseHippocampal neurogenesis cell numbers
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    neonatal mice
    Comparator
    Control
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · peripheralAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The numbers of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)+, nestin+, T-box transcription factor 2 (Tbr2)+, BrdU+/doublecortin (DCX)+, BrdU+/ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1)+, and BrdU+/neuronal nuclei (NeuN)+ cells in the hippocampus were increased in the Ta1 group
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 (Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investigate the relevant mechanism.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal mice, Ta1 increased interleukin-4 compared with control.

    In plain wordsIn young mice, thymosin alpha‑1 raised interleukin-4 compared with control.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseInterleukin-4 level
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    neonatal mice
    Comparator
    Control
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · peripheralAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    accompanied by increased interleukin-4 (IL-4)
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 (Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investigate the relevant mechanism.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal mice, Ta1 increased interferon-gamma compared with control.

    In plain wordsIn young mice, thymosin alpha‑1 raised interferon-gamma compared with control.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseInterferon-gamma level
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    neonatal mice
    Comparator
    Control
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · peripheralAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    accompanied by increased interleukin-4 (IL-4), interferon-gamma
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 (Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investigate the relevant mechanism.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal mice, Ta1 increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor compared with control.

    In plain wordsIn young mice, thymosin alpha‑1 raised a brain growth factor compared with control.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseBrain-derived neurotrophic factor level
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    neonatal mice
    Comparator
    Control
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · peripheralAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    accompanied by increased interleukin-4 (IL-4), interferon-gamma, brain-derived neurotrophic factor
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 (Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investigate the relevant mechanism.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal mice, Ta1 increased nerve growth factor compared with control.

    In plain wordsIn young mice, thymosin alpha‑1 raised nerve growth factor compared with control.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseNerve growth factor level
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    neonatal mice
    Comparator
    Control
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · peripheralAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    accompanied by increased interleukin-4 (IL-4), interferon-gamma, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 (Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investigate the relevant mechanism.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal mice, Ta1 increased insulin-like growth factor-1 compared with control.

    In plain wordsIn young mice, thymosin alpha‑1 raised insulin-like growth factor-1 compared with control.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseInsulin-like growth factor-1 level
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    neonatal mice
    Comparator
    Control
    Outcome group
    Growth hormone and IGF-1 · Endocrine and hormones
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · peripheralAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    accompanied by increased interleukin-4 (IL-4), interferon-gamma, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor-1
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 (Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investigate the relevant mechanism.
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal mice, Ta1 decreased interleukin-6 compared with control.

    In plain wordsIn young mice, thymosin alpha‑1 lowered interleukin-6 compared with control.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    DecreaseInterleukin-6 level
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    neonatal mice
    Comparator
    Control
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · peripheralAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    as well as decreased IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 (Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investigate the relevant mechanism.
  9. 09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal mice, Ta1 decreased tumor necrosis factor-α compared with control.

    In plain wordsIn young mice, thymosin alpha‑1 lowered tumor necrosis factor-alpha compared with control.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    DecreaseTumor necrosis factor-α level
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    neonatal mice
    Comparator
    Control
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · peripheralAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    as well as decreased IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 (Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investigate the relevant mechanism.
  10. 10AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In neonatal mice, the Ta1 group showed a Th1-polarized immune response, and neurotrophic factors were positively associated with the Th1/Th2 ratio.

    In plain wordsIn young mice, thymosin alpha‑1 shifted the immune response toward a Th1 type, and this was linked to higher brain growth factors.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseTh1-polarized immune response
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    neonatal mice
    Comparator
    Control
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · peripheralAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Furthermore, the Ta1-group showed a Th1-polarized immune response, and the neurotrophic factors were positively associated with the Th1/Th2 ratio.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 (Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investigate the relevant mechanism.
  11. 11AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In neonatal mice, Ta1 blocked lipopolysaccharide-induced impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis in early life.

    In plain wordsIn young mice, thymosin alpha‑1 prevented the loss of new brain cells that lipopolysaccharide caused.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseLPS-induced impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    neonatal mice
    Comparator
    Lipopolysaccharide challenge
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · peripheralAs given in this study (mouse).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    More importantly, administration of Ta1 blocked lipopolysaccharide-induced impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis in early life.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In our study, the immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 (Ta1) was peripherally administered to neonatal mice to explore whether the peripheral immunopotentiator affects neurodevelopment and cognition, and to further investigate the relevant mechanism.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    10 Oct 2026, 08:55 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:02 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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