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Study · In vitro (cells) · 2017

3 results

Comparative efficacy analysis of anti-microbial peptides, LL-37 and indolicidin upon conjugation with CNT, in human monocytes.

Pradhan B, Guha D, Murmu KC, Sur A, Ray P, Das D, Aich P

Journal of nanobiotechnology12 Jun 2017Cited by 11 (Europe PMC)

PMID28606090 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC5469186 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1186/s12951-017-0278-1 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-28606090
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Summary

BackgroundAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have the potential to serve as an alternative to antibiotic. AMPs usually exert bactericidal activity via direct killing of microbial pathogens. Reports have proposed that by harnessing innate immune activation, AMPs can regulate pathogen invasion and may control infection. It has been reported that AMPs could be utilized to activate the innate mucosal immune response in order to eliminate pathogenic infections. This way of controlling pathogen infection, by activating host immunity, confers the potential to the select AMPs to alleviate the problem of antibiotic resistance. Among various AMPs tested LL-37 and indolicidin, showed promise to be potential candidates for eliciting enhanced host innate immune responses. LL-37 and indolicidin had exhibited substantial innate immune activation in both human and murine macrophages. Dosage for each of the AMPs, however, was high with adverse side effects.ResultsIn this study, we reported that upon conjugation with carbon nanotubes (CNT), each AMP remained biologically functional at a concentration that was 1000-fold less than the dosage required for free AMP to remain active in the cells.ConclusionsCurrent study also revealed that while indolicidin induced signalling events mediated through the TNFRSF1A pathway in THP1 cells, followed by activation of NFκB and c-JUN pathways, treatment of cells with LL-37 induced signalling events by activating IL1R, with subsequent activation of NFκB and NFAT2. Thp1 cells, primed with CNT conjugated LL-37 or indolicidin, are protected against Salmonella typhimurium infection at 16 h post challenge.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study3

3 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01LabIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement

    In human monocytes, LL‑37 conjugated to carbon nanotubes stayed biologically functional at a concentration 1000-fold lower than the dose needed for free LL‑37 (reported for each AMP).

    In plain wordsIn cells, LL‑37 attached to carbon nanotubes worked at a 1000-fold lower concentration than free LL‑37.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    Not applicableBiological activity of CNT-conjugated versus free AMP
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    THP-1 human monocytes
    Comparator
    Free (unconjugated) AMP
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    Concentration for activity, conjugated relative to free AMP
    1000 fold lower
    CNT-conjugated AMP

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In this study, we reported that upon conjugation with carbon nanotubes (CNT), each AMP remained biologically functional at a concentration that was 1000-fold less than the dosage required for free AMP to remain active in the cells.
    1 context sentence
    Title · context
    Comparative efficacy analysis of anti-microbial peptides, LL-37 and indolicidin upon conjugation with CNT, in human monocytes.
  2. 02LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In THP1 cells, LL‑37 induced signalling through IL1R, with subsequent activation of NFκB and NFAT2.

    In plain wordsIn cells, LL‑37 switched on a signalling route through IL1R that then activated NFκB and NFAT2.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    IncreaseSignalling pathway activation
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    THP-1 human monocytes
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    treatment of cells with LL-37 induced signalling events by activating IL1R, with subsequent activation of NFκB and NFAT2.
  3. 03LabIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement

    THP1 cells primed with CNT-conjugated LL‑37 or indolicidin were protected against Salmonella typhimurium infection at 16 h after challenge.

    In plain wordsIn cells, priming with nanotube-attached LL‑37 protected against Salmonella infection 16 hours after challenge.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    DecreaseProtection against Salmonella typhimurium infection at 16 h
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    THP-1 human monocytes
    Outcome group
    Infection and antimicrobial activity · Infection
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Thp1 cells, primed with CNT conjugated LL-37 or indolicidin, are protected against Salmonella typhimurium infection at 16 h post challenge.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    11 Oct 2026, 00:50 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:56 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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