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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2016

8 results

Ventromedial hypothalamic melanocortin receptor activation: regulation of activity energy expenditure and skeletal muscle thermogenesis.

Gavini CK, Jones WC 2nd, Novak CM

The Journal of physiology29 May 2016Cited by 43 (Europe PMC)

PMID27126579 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1113/jp272352 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-27126579
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study8

8 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats, melanotan II injected into the ventromedial hypothalamus increased oxygen consumption versus vehicle.

    In plain wordsIn rats, melanotan II injected into a brain area raised oxygen use compared with vehicle.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseOxygen consumption
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Energy expenditure and thermogenesis · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intra-VMHAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Activation of melanocortin receptors in the VMH of rats using a non-specific agonist melanotan II (MTII), compared to vehicle, increased oxygen consumption and EE and decreased the respiratory exchange ratio.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats, melanotan II injected into the ventromedial hypothalamus increased energy expenditure versus vehicle.

    In plain wordsIn rats, melanotan II injected into a brain area raised energy use compared with vehicle.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseEnergy expenditure
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Energy expenditure and thermogenesis · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intra-VMHAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Activation of melanocortin receptors in the VMH of rats using a non-specific agonist melanotan II (MTII), compared to vehicle, increased oxygen consumption and EE and decreased the respiratory exchange ratio.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats, melanotan II injected into the ventromedial hypothalamus decreased the respiratory exchange ratio versus vehicle.

    In plain wordsIn rats, melanotan II injected into a brain area lowered the respiratory exchange ratio compared with vehicle.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreaseRespiratory exchange ratio
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Energy expenditure and thermogenesis · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intra-VMHAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Activation of melanocortin receptors in the VMH of rats using a non-specific agonist melanotan II (MTII), compared to vehicle, increased oxygen consumption and EE and decreased the respiratory exchange ratio.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In rats, intra-VMH melanotan II enhanced activity-related energy expenditure even when activity levels were held constant.

    In plain wordsIn rats, melanotan II in a brain area increased energy used for activity, even when activity stayed the same.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseActivity-related energy expenditure
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Energy expenditure and thermogenesis · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intra-VMHAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Intra-VMH MTII enhanced activity-related EE even when activity levels were held constant.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, intra-VMH melanotan II increased gastrocnemius muscle heat dissipation during controlled activity and in the home cage.

    In plain wordsIn rats, melanotan II in a brain area increased heat given off by a leg muscle.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseGastrocnemius muscle heat dissipation
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Energy expenditure and thermogenesis · Musculoskeletal
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intra-VMHAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    MTII treatment increased gastrocnemius muscle heat dissipation during controlled activity, as well as in the home cage.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, intra-VMH melanotan II raised skeletal muscle norepinephrine turnover versus vehicle, indicating increased sympathetic drive to muscle.

    In plain wordsIn rats, melanotan II in a brain area raised a marker of nerve drive to muscle compared with vehicle.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseSkeletal muscle norepinephrine turnover
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Energy expenditure and thermogenesis · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intra-VMHAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Compared to vehicle-treated rats, rats with intra-VMH melanocortin receptor activation had higher skeletal muscle norepinephrine turnover, indicating an increased SNS drive to muscle.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, intra-VMH melanotan II induced mRNA expression of muscle energetic mediators.

    In plain wordsIn rats, melanotan II in a brain area raised gene activity linked to energy use in muscle.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseMuscle mRNA expression of energetic mediators
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Energy expenditure and thermogenesis · Musculoskeletal
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intra-VMHAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Lastly, intra-VMH MTII induced mRNA expression of muscle energetic mediators
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, short-term protein-level changes after intra-VMH melanotan II were mainly limited to phosphorylation events.

    In plain wordsIn rats, short-term protein changes in muscle after melanotan II in a brain area were mostly limited to phosphorylation events.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    MixedMuscle protein-level changes
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Energy expenditure and thermogenesis · Musculoskeletal
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intra-VMHAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    whereas short-term changes at the protein level were primarily limited to phosphorylation events.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    10 Oct 2026, 09:43 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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