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Study · Randomized controlled trial · 2016

6 results

Effects of oxytocin and vasopressin on the neural response to unreciprocated cooperation within brain regions involved in stress and anxiety in men and women.

Chen X, Hackett PD, DeMarco AC, Feng C, Stair S, Haroon E, Ditzen B, Pagnoni G, Rilling JK

Brain imaging and behavior1 Jun 2016Cited by 64 (Europe PMC)

PMID26040978 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC4670292 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1007/s11682-015-9411-7 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-26040978
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

6 results from studies that gave the peptide. 6 results from people.

  1. 01HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism

    In men playing an iterated Prisoner's Dilemma, intranasal oxytocin attenuated the amygdala fMRI response to unreciprocated cooperation, specifically with human partners.

    In plain wordsIn men, oxytocin reduced amygdala brain activity after unreciprocated cooperation by a human partner, compared with placebo.

    Peptide
    Oxytocin
    Outcome
    DecreaseAmygdala response to unreciprocated cooperation with human partners in men
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Outcome group
    Brain and neuronal activity · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    24 IU · intranasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In men, OT attenuated the fMRI response to unreciprocated cooperation (CD), a negative social interaction, within the amygdala and anterior insula. This effect was specific to interactions with human partners.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, pharmaco- fMRI study, 153 men and 151 women were randomized to treatment with either 24 IU intranasal OT, 20 IU intranasal AVP, or placebo and imaged with fMRI as they played the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma game with same-sex human and computer partners.
  2. 02HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism

    In men playing an iterated Prisoner's Dilemma, intranasal oxytocin attenuated the anterior insula fMRI response to unreciprocated cooperation, specifically with human partners.

    In plain wordsIn men, oxytocin reduced anterior insula brain activity after unreciprocated cooperation by a human partner, compared with placebo.

    Peptide
    Oxytocin
    Outcome
    DecreaseAnterior insula response to unreciprocated cooperation with human partners in men
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Outcome group
    Brain and neuronal activity · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    24 IU · intranasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In men, OT attenuated the fMRI response to unreciprocated cooperation (CD), a negative social interaction, within the amygdala and anterior insula. This effect was specific to interactions with human partners.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, pharmaco- fMRI study, 153 men and 151 women were randomized to treatment with either 24 IU intranasal OT, 20 IU intranasal AVP, or placebo and imaged with fMRI as they played the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma game with same-sex human and computer partners.
  3. 03HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism

    In women playing an iterated Prisoner's Dilemma, intranasal oxytocin attenuated the amygdala response to unreciprocated cooperation from computer partners.

    In plain wordsIn women, oxytocin reduced amygdala brain activity after unreciprocated cooperation by a computer partner, compared with placebo.

    Peptide
    Oxytocin
    Outcome
    DecreaseAmygdala response to unreciprocated cooperation from computer partners in women
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Outcome group
    Brain and neuronal activity · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    24 IU · intranasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In contrast, among women, OT unexpectedly attenuated the amygdala and anterior insula response to unreciprocated cooperation from computer but not human partners.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, pharmaco- fMRI study, 153 men and 151 women were randomized to treatment with either 24 IU intranasal OT, 20 IU intranasal AVP, or placebo and imaged with fMRI as they played the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma game with same-sex human and computer partners.
  4. 04HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism

    In women playing an iterated Prisoner's Dilemma, intranasal oxytocin attenuated the anterior insula response to unreciprocated cooperation from computer partners.

    In plain wordsIn women, oxytocin reduced anterior insula brain activity after unreciprocated cooperation by a computer partner, compared with placebo.

    Peptide
    Oxytocin
    Outcome
    DecreaseAnterior insula response to unreciprocated cooperation from computer partners in women
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Outcome group
    Brain and neuronal activity · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    24 IU · intranasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In contrast, among women, OT unexpectedly attenuated the amygdala and anterior insula response to unreciprocated cooperation from computer but not human partners.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, pharmaco- fMRI study, 153 men and 151 women were randomized to treatment with either 24 IU intranasal OT, 20 IU intranasal AVP, or placebo and imaged with fMRI as they played the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma game with same-sex human and computer partners.
  5. 05HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism

    In women playing an iterated Prisoner's Dilemma, intranasal oxytocin did not attenuate the amygdala response to unreciprocated cooperation from human partners.

    In plain wordsIn women, oxytocin did not reduce amygdala brain activity after unreciprocated cooperation by a human partner, compared with placebo.

    Peptide
    Oxytocin
    Outcome
    No significant changeAmygdala response to unreciprocated cooperation from human partners in women
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Outcome group
    Brain and neuronal activity · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    24 IU · intranasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    OT unexpectedly attenuated the amygdala and anterior insula response to unreciprocated cooperation from computer but not human partners.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Our results suggest that OT may decrease the stress of negative social interactions among men, whereas these effects were not found in women interacting with human partners.
    Summary · context
    In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, pharmaco- fMRI study, 153 men and 151 women were randomized to treatment with either 24 IU intranasal OT, 20 IU intranasal AVP, or placebo and imaged with fMRI as they played the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma game with same-sex human and computer partners.
  6. 06HumanRandomized controlled trialMechanism

    In women playing an iterated Prisoner's Dilemma, intranasal oxytocin did not attenuate the anterior insula response to unreciprocated cooperation from human partners.

    In plain wordsIn women, oxytocin did not reduce anterior insula brain activity after unreciprocated cooperation by a human partner, compared with placebo.

    Peptide
    Oxytocin
    Outcome
    No significant changeAnterior insula response to unreciprocated cooperation from human partners in women
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Placebo
    Outcome group
    Brain and neuronal activity · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    24 IU · intranasalAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    OT unexpectedly attenuated the amygdala and anterior insula response to unreciprocated cooperation from computer but not human partners.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Our results suggest that OT may decrease the stress of negative social interactions among men, whereas these effects were not found in women interacting with human partners.
    Summary · context
    In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, pharmaco- fMRI study, 153 men and 151 women were randomized to treatment with either 24 IU intranasal OT, 20 IU intranasal AVP, or placebo and imaged with fMRI as they played the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma game with same-sex human and computer partners.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    11 Oct 2026, 01:30 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:50 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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