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Study · Ex vivo tissue · 2015

4 results

Microneedle-Mediated Delivery of Copper Peptide Through Skin.

Li H, Low YS, Chong HP, Zin MT, Lee CY, Li B, Leolukman M, Kang L

Pharmaceutical research19 Feb 2015Cited by 35 (Europe PMC)

PMID25690343 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1007/s11095-015-1652-z (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-25690343
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study4

3 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01LabEx vivo tissuePharmacokinetics

    In 9 h, 134 nanomoles of peptide permeated microneedle-treated human skin, while almost no peptide permeated intact human skin.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, GHK‑Cu passed through human skin pretreated with microneedles but almost not through intact skin.

    Peptide
    GHK-Cu
    Outcome
    IncreaseGHK-Cu peptide permeation through skin in 9 h
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    in vitro human skin model
    Comparator
    Intact human skin
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · transdermal, microneedle-pretreated skin · 9 hAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Peptide permeated
    134 nanomoles
    microneedle-treated human skin, 9 h

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In 9 h, 134 ± 12 nanomoles of peptide and 705 ± 84 nanomoles of copper permeated though the microneedle treated human skin, while almost no peptide or copper permeated through intact human skin.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Two in vitro skin models were used to assess the capability of microneedles in facilitating skin delivery of GHK-Cu.
  2. 02LabEx vivo tissuePharmacokinetics

    In 9 h, 705 nanomoles of copper permeated microneedle-treated human skin, while almost no copper permeated intact human skin.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, copper from GHK‑Cu passed through human skin pretreated with microneedles but almost not through intact skin.

    Peptide
    GHK-Cu
    Outcome
    IncreaseCopper permeation through skin in 9 h
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    in vitro human skin model
    Comparator
    Intact human skin
    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · transdermal, microneedle-pretreated skin · 9 hAs given in this study (human).

    Measurements

    Copper permeated
    705 nanomoles
    microneedle-treated human skin, 9 h

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In 9 h, 134 ± 12 nanomoles of peptide and 705 ± 84 nanomoles of copper permeated though the microneedle treated human skin, while almost no peptide or copper permeated through intact human skin.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Two in vitro skin models were used to assess the capability of microneedles in facilitating skin delivery of GHK-Cu.
  3. 03LabOther designSafety outcome

    No obvious signs of skin irritation were observed with GHK‑Cu after microneedle pretreatment.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, GHK‑Cu applied after microneedle pretreatment caused no obvious skin irritation.

    Peptide
    GHK-Cu
    Outcome
    No significant changeSkin irritation after microneedle pretreatment
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Adverse events · Skin and wound
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · transdermal, microneedle-pretreated skinAs given in this study.

    Source sentences

    Summary
    No obvious signs of skin irritation were observed with the use of GHK-Cu after microneedle pretreatment.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Cellular and porcine models were used to evaluate the safety of microneedle-assisted copper peptide delivery.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone1

In this study, GHK-Cu was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking GHK-Cu.

  1. 04LabNot a test of GHK-Cu aloneEx vivo tissueOther

    Depth and percentage of microneedle penetration correlated with application forces, which influenced the extent of enhancement of GHK‑Cu skin permeability.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, pressing microneedles harder made them go deeper and changed how much GHK‑Cu crossed the skin.

    Peptide
    GHK-Cu
    Outcome
    Not applicableMicroneedle penetration and skin permeability of GHK-Cu
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The depth and percentage of microneedle penetration were correlated with application forces, which in turn influenced the extent of enhancement in the skin permeability of GHK-Cu.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Histological assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy were performed to characterize and quantify the microconduits created by the microneedles inside skin.

    In this study, GHK-Cu was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking GHK-Cu.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:56 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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