Chronic activation of central AMPK attenuates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and exacerbates hepatic insulin resistance in diabetic rats.

Park S, Kim DS, Kang S, Shin BK

Brain research bulletin19 Aug 2014Cited by 13 (Europe PMC)

PMID25149877DOI10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.08.002PepBankPUB-25149877

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study14

14 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, central AICAR activated hypothalamic AMPK phosphorylation, whereas added compound C suppressed activation.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, central AICAR increased AMPK activation in the hypothalamus. Added compound C suppressed activation.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
IncreaseHypothalamic AMPK phosphorylation
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
In the hypothalamus, central AICAR activated the phosphorylation of AMPK whereas adding compound C suppressed the activation.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987701
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, central AICAR increased body weight, and compound C reversed this effect.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, central AICAR increased body weight. Compound C reversed this effect.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
IncreaseBody weight
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
AICAR increased body weight and epididymal and retroperitoneal fat mass by increasing energy intake for the first 2 weeks and decreasing energy expenditure, whereas compound C reversed the AICAR effect on energy metabolism.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987702
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, central AICAR increased epididymal fat mass, and compound C reversed its energy metabolism effects.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, central AICAR increased fat around the epididymis.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
IncreaseEpididymal fat mass
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
AICAR increased body weight and epididymal and retroperitoneal fat mass by increasing energy intake for the first 2 weeks and decreasing energy expenditure, whereas compound C reversed the AICAR effect on energy metabolism.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987703
04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, central AICAR increased retroperitoneal fat mass.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, central AICAR increased fat behind the abdominal cavity.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
IncreaseRetroperitoneal fat mass
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
AICAR increased body weight and epididymal and retroperitoneal fat mass by increasing energy intake for the first 2 weeks and decreasing energy expenditure, whereas compound C reversed the AICAR effect on energy metabolism.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987704
05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, central AICAR increased energy intake during the first 2 weeks.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, central AICAR increased food energy intake during the first 2 weeks.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
IncreaseEnergy intake
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
AICAR increased body weight and epididymal and retroperitoneal fat mass by increasing energy intake for the first 2 weeks and decreasing energy expenditure, whereas compound C reversed the AICAR effect on energy metabolism.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987705
06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, central AICAR decreased energy expenditure.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, central AICAR reduced energy use.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
DecreaseEnergy expenditure
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
AICAR increased body weight and epididymal and retroperitoneal fat mass by increasing energy intake for the first 2 weeks and decreasing energy expenditure, whereas compound C reversed the AICAR effect on energy metabolism.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987706
07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, central AICAR decreased carbohydrate oxidation compared with control.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, central AICAR reduced carbohydrate use compared with control.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
DecreaseCarbohydrate oxidation
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Indirect calorimetry revealed that ICV-AICAR decreased carbohydrate oxidation, but not fat oxidation, compared to the control.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987707
08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, central AICAR did not decrease fat oxidation compared with control.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, central AICAR did not reduce fat use compared with control.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
No significant changeFat oxidation
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Indirect calorimetry revealed that ICV-AICAR decreased carbohydrate oxidation, but not fat oxidation, compared to the control.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987708
09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, central AICAR increased hepatic glucose output during hyperinsulinemia.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, central AICAR increased liver glucose release during high insulin levels.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
IncreaseHepatic glucose output
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
During euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, central AICAR increased hepatic glucose output at hyperinsulinemic states.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987709
10AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, central AICAR increased hepatic fatty acid synthesis gene expression, and compound C nullified this effect.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, central AICAR increased liver fat synthesis gene expression. Compound C blocked this effect.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
IncreaseHepatic fatty acid synthesis gene expression
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Lipids · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
ICV-AICAR increased expressions of hepatic genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and decreased expression of hepatic genes related to thermogenesis whereas compound C nullified the AICAR effect.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987710
11AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, central AICAR decreased hepatic thermogenesis gene expression, and compound C nullified this effect.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, central AICAR reduced liver heat production gene expression. Compound C blocked this effect.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
DecreaseHepatic thermogenesis gene expression
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
ICV-AICAR increased expressions of hepatic genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and decreased expression of hepatic genes related to thermogenesis whereas compound C nullified the AICAR effect.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987711
12AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, AICAR decreased first-phase insulin secretion during hyperglycemic clamp, and compound C nullified the decrease.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, AICAR reduced early insulin release during a glucose clamp. Compound C blocked this effect.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
DecreaseFirst-phase insulin secretion
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Insulin secretion in the first and second phases decreased in AICAR-treated rats at hyperglycemic clamp, but compound C nullified the decrease.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987712
13AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, AICAR decreased second-phase insulin secretion during hyperglycemic clamp, and compound C nullified the decrease.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, AICAR reduced later insulin release during a glucose clamp. Compound C blocked this effect.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
DecreaseSecond-phase insulin secretion
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Insulin secretion in the first and second phases decreased in AICAR-treated rats at hyperglycemic clamp, but compound C nullified the decrease.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987713
14AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In diabetic rats, central AICAR did not alter β-cell mass through proliferation or apoptosis.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, central AICAR did not change pancreatic β-cell mass through cell growth or death.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
No significant changeβ-cell mass
Study
ratn: not reported in source
high-fat-fed 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
Comparator
artificial cerebrospinal fluid
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
80 μg/day · intracerebroventricular osmotic pump · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
However, central AICAR did not alter β-cell mass via its proliferation or apoptosis.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We investigated the effects of chronic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation in the hypothalamus on energy and glucose metabolism in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats.
Summary · context
Diabetic rats fed a high fat diet were divided into 3 groups and intracerebroventricular (ICV) administered with one of the following: 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR, AMPK activator; 80 μg/day), AICAR+compound C (AMPK inhibitor; 6.2 μg/day), or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (control)
Summary · context
by means of osmotic pumps for 4 weeks.
Report a problemFND-2514987714

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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Chronic activation of central AMPK attenuates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and exacerbates hepatic insulin resistance in diabetic rats.

Summary

Results from this study14

Version history

Subjects

Publication types

MeSH terms

Keywords