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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2013

13 results

Loss of the anorexic response to systemic 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside administration despite reducing hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in insulin-deficient rats.

Vitzel KF, Bikopoulos G, Hung S, Curi R, Ceddia RB

PloS one14 Aug 2013Cited by 3 (Europe PMC)

PMID23967267 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC3743807 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1371/journal.pone.0071944 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-23967267
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Summary

This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats. Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days. Food and water intake, ambulatory activity, and energy expenditure were assessed at the end of the AICAR-treatment period. Blood was collected for circulating leptin measurement and the hypothalami were extracted for the determination of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) content, as well as the content and phosphorylation of AMP-kinase (AMPK), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Rats were thoroughly dissected for adiposity and lean body mass (LBM) determinations. In non-diabetic rats, despite reducing adiposity, AICAR increased (∼1.7-fold) circulating leptin and reduced hypothalamic SOCS3 content and food intake by 67% and 25%, respectively. The anorexic effect of AICAR was lost in diabetic rats, even though hypothalamic AMPK and ACC phosphorylation markedly decreased in these animals. Importantly, hypothalamic SOCS3 and STAT3 levels remained elevated and reduced, respectively, after treatment of insulin-deficient rats with AICAR. Diabetic rats were lethargic and displayed marked losses of fat and LBM. AICAR treatment increased ambulatory activity and whole-body energy expenditure while also attenuating diabetes-induced fat and LBM losses. In conclusion, AICAR did not reverse hyperphagia, but it promoted anti-catabolic effects on skeletal muscle and fat, enhanced spontaneous physical activity, and improved the ability of rats to cope with the diabetes-induced dysfunctional alterations in glucose metabolism and whole-body energy homeostasis.
CC BYText from Europe PMC. Highlighted sentences are the source of results.

Results from this study13

11 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In non-diabetic rats, AICAR reduced adiposity.

    In plain wordsIn non-diabetic rats, AICAR reduced body fat.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    DecreaseAdiposity in non-diabetic rats
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Male Wistar rats
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In non-diabetic rats, despite reducing adiposity, AICAR increased (∼1.7-fold) circulating leptin and reduced hypothalamic SOCS3 content and food intake by 67% and 25%, respectively.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In non-diabetic rats, AICAR increased circulating leptin approximately 1.7-fold.

    In plain wordsIn non-diabetic rats, AICAR increased circulating leptin approximately 1.7-fold.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseCirculating leptin in non-diabetic rats
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Male Wistar rats
    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Endocrine and hormones
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    Leptin increase
    ≈ 1.7 fold
    non-diabetic rats

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In non-diabetic rats, despite reducing adiposity, AICAR increased (∼1.7-fold) circulating leptin and reduced hypothalamic SOCS3 content and food intake by 67% and 25%, respectively.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In non-diabetic rats, AICAR reduced hypothalamic SOCS3 content by 67%.

    In plain wordsIn non-diabetic rats, AICAR reduced hypothalamic SOCS3 content by 67%.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHypothalamic SOCS3 in non-diabetic rats
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Male Wistar rats
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    SOCS3 reduction
    67%
    non-diabetic rats

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In non-diabetic rats, despite reducing adiposity, AICAR increased (∼1.7-fold) circulating leptin and reduced hypothalamic SOCS3 content and food intake by 67% and 25%, respectively.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In non-diabetic rats, AICAR reduced food intake by 25%.

    In plain wordsIn non-diabetic rats, AICAR reduced food intake by 25%.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    DecreaseFood intake in non-diabetic rats
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Male Wistar rats
    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    Food intake reduction
    25%
    non-diabetic rats

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In non-diabetic rats, despite reducing adiposity, AICAR increased (∼1.7-fold) circulating leptin and reduced hypothalamic SOCS3 content and food intake by 67% and 25%, respectively.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.
  5. 05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic rats, AICAR lost its anorexic effect.

    In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, AICAR did not suppress appetite.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    No significant changeAnorexic effect in diabetic rats
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    STZ-induced insulin-deficient rats
    Outcome group
    Appetite and food intake · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitoneal · 7 consecutive daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The anorexic effect of AICAR was lost in diabetic rats, even though hypothalamic AMPK and ACC phosphorylation markedly decreased in these animals.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.
  6. 06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic rats, AICAR markedly decreased hypothalamic AMPK phosphorylation.

    In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, AICAR reduced hypothalamic AMPK phosphorylation.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHypothalamic AMPK phosphorylation
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    STZ-induced insulin-deficient rats
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitoneal · 7 consecutive daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The anorexic effect of AICAR was lost in diabetic rats, even though hypothalamic AMPK and ACC phosphorylation markedly decreased in these animals.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.
  7. 07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic rats, AICAR markedly decreased hypothalamic ACC phosphorylation.

    In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, AICAR reduced hypothalamic ACC phosphorylation.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHypothalamic ACC phosphorylation
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    STZ-induced insulin-deficient rats
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitoneal · 7 consecutive daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The anorexic effect of AICAR was lost in diabetic rats, even though hypothalamic AMPK and ACC phosphorylation markedly decreased in these animals.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.
  8. 08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic rats, AICAR increased ambulatory activity.

    In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, AICAR increased movement.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseAmbulatory activity
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    STZ-induced insulin-deficient rats
    Outcome group
    Exercise and physical function · Whole body
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitoneal · 7 consecutive daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR treatment increased ambulatory activity and whole-body energy expenditure while also attenuating diabetes-induced fat and LBM losses.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Diabetic rats were lethargic and displayed marked losses of fat and LBM.
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.
  9. 09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic rats, AICAR increased whole-body energy expenditure.

    In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, AICAR increased energy expenditure.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    IncreaseWhole-body energy expenditure
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    STZ-induced insulin-deficient rats
    Outcome group
    Energy expenditure and thermogenesis · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitoneal · 7 consecutive daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR treatment increased ambulatory activity and whole-body energy expenditure while also attenuating diabetes-induced fat and LBM losses.
    3 context sentences
    Summary · context
    Diabetic rats were lethargic and displayed marked losses of fat and LBM.
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.
  10. 10AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic rats, AICAR attenuated diabetes-induced fat loss.

    In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, AICAR reduced diabetes-induced fat loss.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    DecreaseDiabetes-induced fat loss
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    STZ-induced insulin-deficient rats
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitoneal · 7 consecutive daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR treatment increased ambulatory activity and whole-body energy expenditure while also attenuating diabetes-induced fat and LBM losses.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.
  11. 11AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In diabetic rats, AICAR attenuated diabetes-induced lean body mass loss.

    In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, AICAR reduced diabetes-induced loss of lean body mass.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    DecreaseDiabetes-induced lean body mass loss
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    STZ-induced insulin-deficient rats
    Outcome group
    Body weight · Musculoskeletal
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitoneal · 7 consecutive daysAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    AICAR treatment increased ambulatory activity and whole-body energy expenditure while also attenuating diabetes-induced fat and LBM losses.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone2

In this study, AICAR (acadesine) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking AICAR (acadesine).

  1. 12AnimalNot a test of AICAR (acadesine) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In insulin-deficient rats, hypothalamic SOCS3 remained elevated after AICAR treatment.

    In plain wordsIn rats with insulin deficiency, hypothalamic SOCS3 remained high after AICAR treatment.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    No significant changePersistent hypothalamic SOCS3 elevation
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    STZ-induced insulin-deficient rats
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Importantly, hypothalamic SOCS3 and STAT3 levels remained elevated and reduced, respectively, after treatment of insulin-deficient rats with AICAR.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.

    In this study, AICAR (acadesine) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking AICAR (acadesine).

  2. 13AnimalNot a test of AICAR (acadesine) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In insulin-deficient rats, hypothalamic STAT3 remained reduced after AICAR treatment.

    In plain wordsIn rats with insulin deficiency, hypothalamic STAT3 remained low after AICAR treatment.

    Peptide
    AICAR (acadesine)
    Outcome
    No significant changePersistent hypothalamic STAT3 reduction
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    STZ-induced insulin-deficient rats
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Importantly, hypothalamic SOCS3 and STAT3 levels remained elevated and reduced, respectively, after treatment of insulin-deficient rats with AICAR.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    This study tested whether chronic systemic administration of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) could attenuate hyperphagia, reduce lean and fat mass losses, and improve whole-body energy homeostasis in insulin-deficient rats.
    Summary · context
    Male Wistar rats were first rendered diabetic through streptozotocin (STZ) administration and then intraperitoneally injected with AICAR for 7 consecutive days.

    In this study, AICAR (acadesine) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking AICAR (acadesine).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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