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Study · Not a test of the peptide alone · 2013

9 results

The thymulin-lactotropic axis in rodents: thymectomy, immunoneutralization and gene transfer studies.

Martines EV, Reggiani PC, Camihort G, Luna G, Zappa MF, Brown OA, Goya RG, Cónsole GM

Neuroimmunomodulation9 Jul 2013Cited by 2 (Europe PMC)

PMID23941809 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1159/000346477 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-23941809
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study9

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone9

In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  1. 01AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In thymectomized female rats, thymulin gene therapy partially reversed increased serum prolactin.

    In plain wordsIn thymectomized female rats, thymulin gene therapy partly reversed increased prolactin levels.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    DecreaseSerum prolactin after gene therapy
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Adult thymectomized female rats
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Adult thymectomy in female rats slightly increased serum PRL, an effect that was partially reversed by thymulin gene therapy.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To this end we undertook a series of experiments in rats and mice, implementing adult thymectomy, thymulin immunoneutralization in normal C57BL/6 mice and neonatal thymulin gene therapy in nude mice.
    Summary · context
    We assessed the impact of the above manipulations on PRL secretion and lactotrope morphology by measuring serum PRL by radioimmunoassay and by performing morphometric analysis of the lactotropic cell population in the anterior pituitary gland.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  2. 02AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In male and female mice, thymulin immunoneutralization reduced serum prolactin.

    In plain wordsIn male and female mice, blocking thymulin reduced blood prolactin.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    DecreaseProlactin after immunoneutralization
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    C57BL/6 mice
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In mice, thymulin immunoneutralization from birth to age 32 days reduced serum PRL both in males and females.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To this end we undertook a series of experiments in rats and mice, implementing adult thymectomy, thymulin immunoneutralization in normal C57BL/6 mice and neonatal thymulin gene therapy in nude mice.
    Summary · context
    We assessed the impact of the above manipulations on PRL secretion and lactotrope morphology by measuring serum PRL by radioimmunoassay and by performing morphometric analysis of the lactotropic cell population in the anterior pituitary gland.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  3. 03AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, thymulin immunoneutralization decreased lactotrope cell density.

    In plain wordsIn mice, blocking thymulin reduced the density of prolactin-producing cells.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    DecreaseLactotrope cell density after immunoneutralization
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    C57BL/6 mice
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Thymulin immunoneutralization induced a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in lactotrope cell density (CD) and volume density (VD) without changes in cell size (CS).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To this end we undertook a series of experiments in rats and mice, implementing adult thymectomy, thymulin immunoneutralization in normal C57BL/6 mice and neonatal thymulin gene therapy in nude mice.
    Summary · context
    We assessed the impact of the above manipulations on PRL secretion and lactotrope morphology by measuring serum PRL by radioimmunoassay and by performing morphometric analysis of the lactotropic cell population in the anterior pituitary gland.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  4. 04AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, thymulin immunoneutralization decreased lactotrope volume density.

    In plain wordsIn mice, blocking thymulin reduced the volume density of prolactin-producing cells.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    DecreaseLactotrope volume density after immunoneutralization
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    C57BL/6 mice
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Thymulin immunoneutralization induced a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in lactotrope cell density (CD) and volume density (VD) without changes in cell size (CS).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To this end we undertook a series of experiments in rats and mice, implementing adult thymectomy, thymulin immunoneutralization in normal C57BL/6 mice and neonatal thymulin gene therapy in nude mice.
    Summary · context
    We assessed the impact of the above manipulations on PRL secretion and lactotrope morphology by measuring serum PRL by radioimmunoassay and by performing morphometric analysis of the lactotropic cell population in the anterior pituitary gland.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  5. 05AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In mice, thymulin immunoneutralization did not change lactotrope cell size.

    In plain wordsIn mice, blocking thymulin did not change the size of prolactin-producing cells.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    No significant changeLactotrope size after immunoneutralization
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    C57BL/6 mice
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Thymulin immunoneutralization induced a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in lactotrope cell density (CD) and volume density (VD) without changes in cell size (CS).
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To this end we undertook a series of experiments in rats and mice, implementing adult thymectomy, thymulin immunoneutralization in normal C57BL/6 mice and neonatal thymulin gene therapy in nude mice.
    Summary · context
    We assessed the impact of the above manipulations on PRL secretion and lactotrope morphology by measuring serum PRL by radioimmunoassay and by performing morphometric analysis of the lactotropic cell population in the anterior pituitary gland.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  6. 06AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In nude mice of both sexes, neonatal thymulin gene therapy increased serum thymulin.

    In plain wordsIn nude mice, thymulin gene therapy increased blood thymulin.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    IncreaseSerum thymulin after gene therapy
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Nude mice of both sexes
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Neonatal thymulin gene therapy markedly increased serum thymulin (p < 0.01) and lactotrope CD, CS and VD in nude mice of both sexes.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To this end we undertook a series of experiments in rats and mice, implementing adult thymectomy, thymulin immunoneutralization in normal C57BL/6 mice and neonatal thymulin gene therapy in nude mice.
    Summary · context
    We assessed the impact of the above manipulations on PRL secretion and lactotrope morphology by measuring serum PRL by radioimmunoassay and by performing morphometric analysis of the lactotropic cell population in the anterior pituitary gland.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  7. 07AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In nude mice of both sexes, neonatal thymulin gene therapy increased lactotrope cell density.

    In plain wordsIn nude mice, thymulin gene therapy increased the density of prolactin-producing cells.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    IncreaseLactotrope density after gene therapy
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Nude mice of both sexes
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Neonatal thymulin gene therapy markedly increased serum thymulin (p < 0.01) and lactotrope CD, CS and VD in nude mice of both sexes.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To this end we undertook a series of experiments in rats and mice, implementing adult thymectomy, thymulin immunoneutralization in normal C57BL/6 mice and neonatal thymulin gene therapy in nude mice.
    Summary · context
    We assessed the impact of the above manipulations on PRL secretion and lactotrope morphology by measuring serum PRL by radioimmunoassay and by performing morphometric analysis of the lactotropic cell population in the anterior pituitary gland.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  8. 08AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In nude mice of both sexes, neonatal thymulin gene therapy increased lactotrope cell size.

    In plain wordsIn nude mice, thymulin gene therapy increased the size of prolactin-producing cells.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    IncreaseLactotrope size after gene therapy
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Nude mice of both sexes
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Neonatal thymulin gene therapy markedly increased serum thymulin (p < 0.01) and lactotrope CD, CS and VD in nude mice of both sexes.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To this end we undertook a series of experiments in rats and mice, implementing adult thymectomy, thymulin immunoneutralization in normal C57BL/6 mice and neonatal thymulin gene therapy in nude mice.
    Summary · context
    We assessed the impact of the above manipulations on PRL secretion and lactotrope morphology by measuring serum PRL by radioimmunoassay and by performing morphometric analysis of the lactotropic cell population in the anterior pituitary gland.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  9. 09AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In nude mice of both sexes, neonatal thymulin gene therapy increased lactotrope volume density.

    In plain wordsIn nude mice, thymulin gene therapy increased the volume density of prolactin-producing cells.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    IncreaseLactotrope volume density after gene therapy
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Nude mice of both sexes
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Neonatal thymulin gene therapy markedly increased serum thymulin (p < 0.01) and lactotrope CD, CS and VD in nude mice of both sexes.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    To this end we undertook a series of experiments in rats and mice, implementing adult thymectomy, thymulin immunoneutralization in normal C57BL/6 mice and neonatal thymulin gene therapy in nude mice.
    Summary · context
    We assessed the impact of the above manipulations on PRL secretion and lactotrope morphology by measuring serum PRL by radioimmunoassay and by performing morphometric analysis of the lactotropic cell population in the anterior pituitary gland.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    21 Oct 2026, 13:55 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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