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Study · In vitro (cells) · 2014

8 results

Thymosin α1 activates complement receptor-mediated phagocytosis in human monocyte-derived macrophages.

Serafino A, Pica F, Andreola F, Gaziano R, Moroni N, Moroni G, Zonfrillo M, Pierimarchi P, Sinibaldi-Vallebona P, Garaci E

Journal of innate immunity22 Jun 2013Cited by 26 (Europe PMC)

PMID23797159 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC6741600 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1159/000351587 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-23797159
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study8

8 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    Human monocyte-derived macrophages exposed to thymosin alpha‑1 assumed the typical activated morphology, as did lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, human immune cells treated with thymosin alpha‑1 took on the shape of activated cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    Not applicableMacrophage activated morphology
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tα1-exposed human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) assume the typical activated morphology also exhibited by lipopolysaccharide-activated MDMs
  2. 02LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome

    Thymosin alpha‑1-exposed macrophages showed a comparatively higher ability to internalize fluorescent beads and zymosan particles than lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, human immune cells treated with thymosin alpha‑1 took up more beads and yeast particles than LPS-activated cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseInternalization of fluorescent beads and zymosan particles
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs)
    Comparator
    LPS-activated MDMs
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    We report that Tα1-exposed human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) assume the typical activated morphology also exhibited by lipopolysaccharide-activated MDMs, but show a comparatively higher ability of internalizing fluorescent beads and zymosan particles.
  3. 03LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome

    Thymosin alpha‑1 exposure promptly and dramatically stimulated macrophage phagocytosis of Aspergillus niger conidia, starting 30 min after challenge, in a dose-dependent manner.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, thymosin alpha‑1 quickly boosted the ability of human immune cells to engulf fungal spores.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseMDM phagocytosis of Aspergillus niger conidia
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tα1 exposure also promptly and dramatically stimulates MDM phagocytosis and killing of Aspergillus niger conidia starting as soon as 30 min after challenge.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The effect is dose dependent and early coupled to low transcription of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 and unmodified Toll-like receptor expression.
  4. 04LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome

    Thymosin alpha‑1 exposure promptly and dramatically stimulated macrophage killing of Aspergillus niger conidia, starting 30 min after challenge.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, thymosin alpha‑1 quickly boosted the ability of human immune cells to kill fungal spores.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseMDM killing of Aspergillus niger conidia
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs)
    Outcome group
    Infection and antimicrobial activity · Infection
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Tα1 exposure also promptly and dramatically stimulates MDM phagocytosis and killing of Aspergillus niger conidia starting as soon as 30 min after challenge.
  5. 05LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    The effect of thymosin alpha‑1 on phagocytosis was early coupled to low transcription of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, the boost in phagocytosis from thymosin alpha‑1 came with low activity of inflammatory signal genes.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    Direction not reportedTranscription of TNF-α and interleukin-6
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The effect is dose dependent and early coupled to low transcription of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 and unmodified Toll-like receptor expression.
  6. 06LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    Thymosin alpha‑1 left Toll-like receptor expression unmodified in macrophages.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, thymosin alpha‑1 did not change Toll-like receptor levels in human immune cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant changeToll-like receptor expression
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The effect is dose dependent and early coupled to low transcription of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 and unmodified Toll-like receptor expression.
  7. 07LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    Thymosin alpha‑1-stimulated phagocytosis depended strictly on the integrity of the microtubule network and on protein kinase C activity.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, thymosin alpha‑1 only boosted phagocytosis when the cell microtubule network and protein kinase C were working.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    Not applicableDependence of Tα1-stimulated phagocytosis on microtubules and protein kinase C
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The Tα1-stimulated phagocytosis is strictly dependent on the integrity of the microtubule network and protein kinase C activity and occurs by a variation in the classic zipper model, with recruitment of vinculin and actin at the phagosome exhibiting a punctate distribution.
  8. 08LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In human monocyte-derived macrophages, thymosin alpha‑1-stimulated phagocytosis occurred by a variation of the classic zipper model, with vinculin and actin recruited to the phagosome in a punctate distribution.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, human immune cells treated with thymosin alpha‑1 engulfed particles with vinculin and actin gathering at the engulfing site.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    Not applicableVinculin and actin recruitment at the phagosome
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The Tα1-stimulated phagocytosis is strictly dependent on the integrity of the microtubule network and protein kinase C activity and occurs by a variation in the classic zipper model, with recruitment of vinculin and actin at the phagosome exhibiting a punctate distribution.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    10 Oct 2026, 08:55 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:02 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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