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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 2014

3 results

Gingival crevicular fluid levels of human beta-defensin-2 and cathelicidin in smoker and non-smoker patients: a cross-sectional study.

Ertugrul AS, Sahin H, Dikilitas A, Alpaslan NZ, Bozoğlan A, Tekin Y

Journal of periodontal research31 May 2013Cited by 14 (Europe PMC)

PMID23721053 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1111/jre.12105 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-23721053
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study3

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured3

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    Gingival crevicular fluid LL‑37 was significantly lower in non-smoker patients with gingivitis than in the other groups.

    In plain wordsIn people with gum disease, the body's own LL‑37 in gum fluid was lowest in non-smokers with gingivitis.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    DecreaseGingival crevicular fluid LL-37 in gingivitis versus other groups
    Study

    n = 80

    Comparator
    Other patient groups
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    LL-37 and hBD-2 levels were significantly lower in G patients than in other groups.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    A total of 80 patients, including 20 G, 20 SG, 20 AgP and 20 SAgP were enrolled in the study.
    Summary · context
    Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were done to quantify LL-37 and hBD-2 levels in gingival crevicular fluid.

    This result measures the body's own LL-37. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    Gingival crevicular fluid LL‑37 was significantly higher in smokers with generalized aggressive periodontitis than in the other groups.

    In plain wordsIn people with gum disease, the body's own LL‑37 in gum fluid was highest in smokers with aggressive periodontitis.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    IncreaseGingival crevicular fluid LL-37 in smokers with aggressive periodontitis
    Study

    n = 80

    Comparator
    Other patient groups
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    LL-37 and hBD-2 levels in the gingival crevicular fluid of SAgP patients were significantly higher than in other groups.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    A total of 80 patients, including 20 G, 20 SG, 20 AgP and 20 SAgP were enrolled in the study.
    Summary · context
    Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were done to quantify LL-37 and hBD-2 levels in gingival crevicular fluid.

    This result measures the body's own LL-37. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03HumanEndogenous levelObservational studyOther

    Gingival crevicular fluid LL‑37 was significantly higher in smoker patients with gingivitis than in non-smoker patients with gingivitis.

    In plain wordsIn people with gingivitis, the body's own LL‑37 in gum fluid was higher in smokers than in non-smokers.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    IncreaseGingival crevicular fluid LL-37 in smokers versus non-smokers with gingivitis
    Study

    n = 40

    Comparator
    Non-smoker patients with gingivitis
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    LL-37 and hBD-2 levels in SG patients were also significantly higher than in G patients.
    2 context sentences
    Summary · context
    A total of 80 patients, including 20 G, 20 SG, 20 AgP and 20 SAgP were enrolled in the study.
    Summary · context
    Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were done to quantify LL-37 and hBD-2 levels in gingival crevicular fluid.

    This result measures the body's own LL-37. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    11 Oct 2026, 00:50 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:58 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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